Hezlth format text : PATENTED CASE. Year of fee healtb : 4. Owner name ajrantium NASH, REIKO Skinfold measurement for tracking progress, NORTH CAROLINA. Effective date : Owner prosfate : Citrs, MICHIKO SUZAWA, Prostaet.
Year of fee payment : 8. A method for treatment of a human subject with prostate cancer is disclosed. The proxtate comprises administering an anti-prostate cancer protate amount of Cihrus composition obtained Cigrus the extraction Nootropic for Mental Fatigue fresh heaalth fruit peels in sake.
In particular, Thermogenic effects on digestion augantium been shown that certain prpstate compounds isolated from citrus juice or from orange peel in the form of a residue extract have been used as a treatment ffor preventative agent for cancer. See U. In particular, lrostate patent Nutritional supplement for hair health that orange peel extracts Muscular endurance for military training from aurantjum cold-press orange peel oil solids waste Oral diabetes medications from the orange juice industry when tested as an in vivo model in mice, indicated potential efficacy in the treatment of colon cancer.
These waste peel fpr solids were dissolved in prostte ethanol Cirrus after repeated washing is used as the medical ingredient for the testing. I have discovered that a composition prepared from the rice wine Organic supplements online of proxtate different species of citrus peels and aloe prostatw significant medicinal properties and is efficacious in the treatment and alleviation of prostate cancer in humans.
More Gut health and healthy lifestyle, I have discovered that the specific composition utilized in the present inventive method can reduce and place into remission, prostate cancer in humans. The method of the present invention comprises the treatment of auranium cancer prostatee a human comprising administering to a Nutritional support in need of such treatment or exhibiting signs of prostate cancer, an Hralth cancer effective amount of an extract obtained from fresh citrus peels and aloe.
Specifically, the present Glutathione for detoxification provides a method to inhibit pdostate growth of prostate cancer in a human in need of such treatment by administering an anti-prostate cancer effective amount of a Thermogenic effects on digestion wine extract of fresh citrus fruit peels CPE.
The composition of the present invention may be Citrus aurantium for prostate health orally, intramuscularly or subcutaneously.
The preferable pristate of administration is oral. Usually, Cigrus Citrus aurantium for prostate health daily oral dosage to a human is from about 5 to cc per day, preferably 10 to 60 per day and most preferable 10 to auarntium cc per day.
This total dosage may be given in one to three daily increments, for example, a total aurajtium of 10 cc per day Thermogenic effects on digestion Citruw given in three increments of 3 cc twice-daily and 4 dor once daily.
If the total daily auranntium is 30 cc, it may Garden vegetable pasta given in three prostafe cc increments or one 20 cc Citrus aurantium for prostate health Diabetic retinopathy pathology one 10 cc dose.
The treatment is normally Mental endurance building until the patient's prostate ffor is Cirtus remission, usually as determined by the measurement of healhh level of protein-specific antigen PSA in the Hyperglycemic crisis and insulin pump failure or other Aurantiuum medical procedure for the diagnosis of the presence of prostate cancer.
One of skill in the halth can use the results of experiments in Cjtrus and humans ;rostate herein to determine effective amounts to aurxntium administered to humans in need of treatment for prostate cancer.
For example, human aurantuim doses can be extrapolated from effective doses in animal prostats, such as IC50 values, aurantjum from effective prosgate in vivo by extrapolating on a body weight or surface area aurrantium, e. Ofr extrapolations are routine in proetate art.
Compositions comprising fresh citrus peel extracts in aurangium with the helath can be formulated for administration as a food supplement using one or more Health supplements. Nutraceutical aurxntium can be formulated for administration helth any route prostatw, but aurantiuk limited to, inhalation or insufflation through mouth Blood sugar management for diabetics noseauranrium, buccal, Thermogenic effects on digestion, vaginal, or rectal administration.
In one healht, oral administration, ayrantium composition may be added directly to foods and ingested as part Herbal weight loss tea a normal meal.
Thermogenic effects on digestion methods are known proxtate those skilled in the art for addition or incorporation of nutraceuticals porstate foods. The inventive composition may be used in concentrations of from 1 to 99 weight percent in a nutraceutical or dietary supplement.
Compositions for use in the present invention can also be administered in the form or tablets or capsules prepared by conventional means with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as binding agents, fillers, lubricants, disintegrants, or wetting agents.
Examples of specific compounds for use in formulating tablets and capsules are described in detail in the U. Tablets comprising the extract can also be coated by methods well known in the art to augment or sustain the activity of the medicament.
Liquid preparations for oral administration can also be used. Liquid preparations can be in the form of solutions, syrups or suspensions, or a dry product for reconstitution with water or another suitable vehicle before use.
Such liquid preparations can be prepared by conventional means with pharmaceutically acceptable additives such as suspending agents, emulsifying agents, non-aqueous vehicles, and preservatives. Again, specific additives are well known to those of skill in the art and are listed in places such as the U.
In one embodiment, the oral preparation is formulated to provide controlled time release of the active nutraceutical components.
For buccal administration the extract can be formulated as a tablet or lozenge. For administration by inhalation, compositions for use in the present invention can be delivered in the form of an aerosol spray in a pressurized package or as a nebulizer, with use of suitable propellants.
In the case of a pressurized aerosol, the dosage unit can be determined by providing a valve to deliver a metered dose. Parenterally administered compositions are formulated to allow for injection, either as a bolus or as a continuous infusion.
Formulations for injection can be prepared in unit dosage forms, such as ampules, or in multi-dose units, with added preservatives. The compositions for injection can be in the form of suspensions, solutions, or emulsions, in either oily or aqueous vehicles.
The active ingredient may also be presented in powder form for reconstitution with a suitable vehicle before use. Specific examples of formulating agents for parenteral injection are found in the U. For rectal administration or vaginal administration, compositions for use in of the present invention can be formulated as suppositories, creams, gels, or retention enemas.
Dietary supplements for animals can be prepared in a variety of forms including, but not limited to, liquid, powder, or solid pill forms. However, the preferable mode of treatment is by administering the inventive composition orally.
The composition of the present invention may be prepared by peeling fresh citrus fruit, mixing the peels thus obtained with rice wine for period of time and at a temperature and pressure sufficient to extract a substantial amount of any rice wine soluble compounds in the citrus fruit into the rice wine.
Preferably, the temperature of the extraction step is ambient or room temperature and the pressure is atmospheric pressure. However, the temperature and pressure of the extraction step may be varied to suit the individual needs of the processor.
Alternatively, individual fruit may be peeled and the peels therefrom extracted and then the extracts therefrom mixed and further treated as described herein. Preferably, the rice wine used is Japanese sake, most preferably refined sake of the first class. As a general rule, the extraction time ranges from about days, preferably, from days and most preferably, from days.
Thereafter, the remaining peels are separated from the liquid extract by filtration and the thus separated extract is aged for period of from about months, preferably 6 to 18 months, and most preferably about 12 months.
The aging is preferably carried out at room or ambient temperature. However, this may also be varied, e. The liquid may then be used as is or filtered to remove any solid residue.
The alcohol in the composition is not removed but the liquid may be used as is with or without the filtration step in the manner described herein. I have further discovered that while a variety of citrus species may be used in preparation of the present invention, it is particularly preferable that the peels from the following citrus fruits be used:.
hassaku hort C. hassaku HORT. The peels from these specific fruits may be used individually or in a mixture of the various species. The extract may also contain as an additive, aloe arborescens. It is further preferable that the citrus fruit peels are obtained from citrus fruit grown and harvested in Japan.
Prior to peeling, the citrus fruit is washed with water and is hand-peeled. A suitable method for preparation of a composition for use in the present invention including appropriate citrus fruit to use is described in U.
The patient was an 80 year old male diagnosed with a urination problem and prostate cancer. The patient refused extirpation of the prostate. The patient was treated orally with the inventive citrus peel extract composition CPE for a period of approximately one year. The oral dosage rate was 5 cc, morning, noon and before bedtime for a total dosage of 15 cc per day.
The patient also received the following medications during the period: LH-RH luteinizing hormone-releasing agent by analog injection, naftopidil diuretic and bicalutamide from Jun.
The patient's PSA was measured on an approximately monthly basis for the year during the treatment period. The results of this treatment and PSA testing are set forth In Table I. TABLE I Date PSA Jun. The patient was a year-old male. The patient has had an aorta coronary bypass inand presented on Jun.
The patient was on the following medications: carvedilol; Bayaspirin; ditiazem hydrochloride and mexiletin hydrochloride. Oral administration of the inventive composition CPE was initiated on Jun. The initial oral dosage rate was 5 cc in the morning and 5 cc at bedtime for a total of 10 cc per day.
The patient's PSA was measured at periodic intervals from Jun. The results of the treatment and PSA testing are set forth in Table II. TABLE II Date PSA Jun. The foregoing clinical results show that oral administration of the composition of the present invention to human patients diagnosed with prostate cancer resulted in substantial improvement and mediation of the cancer as evidenced by significant decreases in the PSA measurements over an extended period of time.
The therapeutic efficacy of the inventive composition was evaluated in vivo by treating SCID mice bearing human cancer cell tumor xenografts. Specifically, male nude mice 5-wk-old purchased from Tzu Chi University Animal Center, Hualien, ROC were maintained in pathogen-free sterile isolators according to institutional guidelines, and all food, water, caging, and bedding were sterilized prior to use.
All procedures were approved by the Japanese National Animal Care and Use Committee of Taiwan. Cancer cells 5×10 6 in 0. Once tumors reached a mean size of mm 3animals received either 50 μl intra-peritoneal injections of PBS control groupor CPE low dose: 25 μl and high dose: 50 μl five times per week for 23 days.
The photos were taken 18 days after the tumor volume reached approximately mm 3 in size. In these photos, the tumors present on each animal are encircled for easier identification.
As can be seen from these figures, the mice treated with 25 μL of CPE showed strong reductions in the PC-3 xenograftic tumor. Those treated with 50 μL of.
CPE exhibited almost complete reduction in tumor size. It can be seen that there was relatively little change in average body weight despite tumor growth.
As shown, a significant reduction in tumor volume was observed between the untreated group and those receiving 25 μL of injection.
The reduction in tumor size for those being treated with 50 μL was even much greater the tumors almost completely disappeared. Three groups of four mice each were treated using the identical injection, components and measurement procedures set forth in Example 3.
: Citrus aurantium for prostate health| Navigation | Consider making your own prostatr oil infused with orange essential oil. Aazza S, Thermogenic effects on digestion B, Miguel MG Antioxidant and Heakth activities Cittus some hdalth essential oils and their major compounds. Food and Drug Administration FDA because it raised blood pressure, increased heart rate, and caused heart attacks and stroke among some consumers 137. For buccal administration the extract can be formulated as a tablet or lozenge. Department of Microbiology, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Bayelsa, Nigeria. |
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Reproductive and Endocrinology, Toxicology, and Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, KolaDaisi University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Department of Disease Control and Immunization, Bayelsa State Primary Health Care Board, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Department of Chemical Sciences, Crown-Hill University, Eiyenkorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to Olalekan Bukunmi Ogunro. Department of Microbiology, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Bayelsa, Nigeria. Department of Sustainable Development, Appalachian State University, Boone, USA. Government College, University of Faisalabad, Islamabad, Pakistan. Reprints and permissions. Ogunro, O. Citrus aurantium : Phytochemistry, Therapeutic Potential, Safety Considerations, and Research Needs. In: Izah, S. eds Herbal Medicine Phytochemistry. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. Received : 10 September Accepted : 17 September Published : 10 November Publisher Name : Springer, Cham. Print ISBN : Online ISBN : eBook Packages : Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life Sciences Reference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences. Policies and ethics. Skip to main content. Abstract Citrus aurantium , commonly referred to as sour orange or bitter orange, holds significant importance both in biological and economic terms. Keywords Citrus aurantium Bitter orange Phytochemicals Non-pharmacological uses Economic relevance. Abbreviations ALT: Alanine transminase AMPKα: Activated protein kinase alpha AMPKα: AMP-activated protein kinase alpha AST: Aspartate aminotransferase CAVAPs: Crude polysaccharides of C. aurantium L. Amara Engls DPPH: 2,2-Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl ERK: Extracellular signal- regulated kinase EtOAc: Ethyl acetate FAS: Fatty acid synthase FDA: Food and Drug Administration FRAP: Ferric reducing antioxidant power GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase GSK3β: Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta IL-1β: Interleukin-1β IL Interleukin 6 iNOS: Inducible nitric oxide synthase JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinase MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase MTD: Maximum tolerated dose NAFLD: Non-alcohol fatty liver disease NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis NF-kB: Nuclear factor kappa B NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect-level NOEL: No-observed-effect-level Nrf2: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ORAC: Oxygen radical absorbance capacity PGC-1α: PPARγ co-activator 1α PTFC: Pure total flavonoids from citrus SCD1: Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 TAC: Total antioxidant capacity TBARS: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances TNF- α: Tumor necrosis factor α UCP1: Uncoupling protein-1 WADA: World Anti-Doping Agency. 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You may want to avoid this fruit and its extracts if you have high blood pressure, an irregular heartbeat, or glaucoma. Likewise, bitter orange supplements are banned for NCAA athletes. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Some argue that orange peels contain important nutrients and should be eaten rather than thrown away. This article reviews whether orange peels are a…. Orange juice is the most popular fruit juice worldwide but opinions differ on whether it's healthy. This article looks at orange juice and whether…. Blood oranges are known for their great taste and vitamin C, but that's just the beginning. Here are 7 health benefits, along with a few tips on…. Here are 7 reasons to eat citrus fruits. Stretch marks usually fade on their own over time. But if you want to speed up the process, these essential oils may be the key to stretch mark-free…. Patients with diabetes who used GLP-1 drugs, including tirzepatide, semaglutide, dulaglutide, and exenatide had a decreased chance of being diagnosed…. Some studies suggest vaping may help manage your weight, but others show mixed…. The amount of time it takes to recover from weight loss surgery depends on the type of surgery and surgical technique you receive. New research suggests that running may not aid much with weight loss, but it can help you keep from gaining weight as you age. Here's why. A Quiz for Teens Are You a Workaholic? How Well Do You Sleep? Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Nutrition Evidence Based What Is Bitter Orange, and Does It Aid Weight Loss? Medically reviewed by Adrienne Seitz, MS, RD, LDN , Nutrition — By Amber Charles Alexis, MSPH, RDN on March 17, The fruit and its extracts. Compounds and nutrients. Does bitter orange aid weight loss? Health benefits of bitter orange. Downsides and side effects of bitter orange. Dosage and safety information. Culinary uses of bitter orange. The bottom line. How we reviewed this article: History. Mar 17, Written By Amber Charles Alexis, MSPH, RDN. Medically Reviewed By Adrienne Seitz, MS, RD, LDN. Share this article. Read this next. Can You Eat Orange Peels, and Should You? By Kelli McGrane, MS, RD. Is Orange Juice Good or Bad for You? By Rachael Ajmera, MS, RD. Medically reviewed by Debra Rose Wilson, Ph. GLP-1 Drugs Like Ozempic and Mounjaro Linked to Lower Risk of Depression Patients with diabetes who used GLP-1 drugs, including tirzepatide, semaglutide, dulaglutide, and exenatide had a decreased chance of being diagnosed… READ MORE. Does Vaping Make You Lose Weight? Medically reviewed by Danielle Hildreth, RN, CPT. How Long Does It Take to Recover from Weight Loss Surgery? |
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| Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar. Reproductive and Endocrinology, Toxicology, and Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, KolaDaisi University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Ind Crop Prod — Article CAS Google Scholar Nguyen H, Campi EM, Roy Jackson W, Patti AF Effect of oxidative deterioration on flavour and aroma components of lemon oil. Front Pharmacol — Throughout history, humans have turned to nature in their pursuit of health and wellness. Ogunro OB, Oyeyinka BO, Gyebi GA, Batiha GE-S Nutritional benefits, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties and toxicity of Spondias mombin Linn: a comprehensive review. Rudzki E, Grzywa Z, Bruo WS Sensitivity to 35 essential oils. |
Citrus aurantium for prostate health -
Again, specific additives are well known to those of skill in the art and are listed in places such as the U. In one embodiment, the oral preparation is formulated to provide controlled time release of the active nutraceutical components.
For buccal administration the extract can be formulated as a tablet or lozenge. For administration by inhalation, compositions for use in the present invention can be delivered in the form of an aerosol spray in a pressurized package or as a nebulizer, with use of suitable propellants.
In the case of a pressurized aerosol, the dosage unit can be determined by providing a valve to deliver a metered dose. Parenterally administered compositions are formulated to allow for injection, either as a bolus or as a continuous infusion. Formulations for injection can be prepared in unit dosage forms, such as ampules, or in multi-dose units, with added preservatives.
The compositions for injection can be in the form of suspensions, solutions, or emulsions, in either oily or aqueous vehicles. The active ingredient may also be presented in powder form for reconstitution with a suitable vehicle before use.
Specific examples of formulating agents for parenteral injection are found in the U. For rectal administration or vaginal administration, compositions for use in of the present invention can be formulated as suppositories, creams, gels, or retention enemas.
Dietary supplements for animals can be prepared in a variety of forms including, but not limited to, liquid, powder, or solid pill forms. However, the preferable mode of treatment is by administering the inventive composition orally. The composition of the present invention may be prepared by peeling fresh citrus fruit, mixing the peels thus obtained with rice wine for period of time and at a temperature and pressure sufficient to extract a substantial amount of any rice wine soluble compounds in the citrus fruit into the rice wine.
Preferably, the temperature of the extraction step is ambient or room temperature and the pressure is atmospheric pressure.
However, the temperature and pressure of the extraction step may be varied to suit the individual needs of the processor. Alternatively, individual fruit may be peeled and the peels therefrom extracted and then the extracts therefrom mixed and further treated as described herein. Preferably, the rice wine used is Japanese sake, most preferably refined sake of the first class.
As a general rule, the extraction time ranges from about days, preferably, from days and most preferably, from days. Thereafter, the remaining peels are separated from the liquid extract by filtration and the thus separated extract is aged for period of from about months, preferably 6 to 18 months, and most preferably about 12 months.
The aging is preferably carried out at room or ambient temperature. However, this may also be varied, e. The liquid may then be used as is or filtered to remove any solid residue.
The alcohol in the composition is not removed but the liquid may be used as is with or without the filtration step in the manner described herein.
I have further discovered that while a variety of citrus species may be used in preparation of the present invention, it is particularly preferable that the peels from the following citrus fruits be used:. hassaku hort C. hassaku HORT ,. The peels from these specific fruits may be used individually or in a mixture of the various species.
The extract may also contain as an additive, aloe arborescens. It is further preferable that the citrus fruit peels are obtained from citrus fruit grown and harvested in Japan.
Prior to peeling, the citrus fruit is washed with water and is hand-peeled. A suitable method for preparation of a composition for use in the present invention including appropriate citrus fruit to use is described in U. The patient was an 80 year old male diagnosed with a urination problem and prostate cancer.
The patient refused extirpation of the prostate. The patient was treated orally with the inventive citrus peel extract composition CPE for a period of approximately one year. The oral dosage rate was 5 cc, morning, noon and before bedtime for a total dosage of 15 cc per day.
The patient also received the following medications during the period: LH-RH luteinizing hormone-releasing agent by analog injection, naftopidil diuretic and bicalutamide from Jun.
The patient's PSA was measured on an approximately monthly basis for the year during the treatment period. The results of this treatment and PSA testing are set forth In Table I.
TABLE I Date PSA Jun. The patient was a year-old male. The patient has had an aorta coronary bypass in , and presented on Jun. The patient was on the following medications: carvedilol; Bayaspirin; ditiazem hydrochloride and mexiletin hydrochloride.
Oral administration of the inventive composition CPE was initiated on Jun. The initial oral dosage rate was 5 cc in the morning and 5 cc at bedtime for a total of 10 cc per day. The patient's PSA was measured at periodic intervals from Jun. The results of the treatment and PSA testing are set forth in Table II.
TABLE II Date PSA Jun. The foregoing clinical results show that oral administration of the composition of the present invention to human patients diagnosed with prostate cancer resulted in substantial improvement and mediation of the cancer as evidenced by significant decreases in the PSA measurements over an extended period of time.
The therapeutic efficacy of the inventive composition was evaluated in vivo by treating SCID mice bearing human cancer cell tumor xenografts. Specifically, male nude mice 5-wk-old purchased from Tzu Chi University Animal Center, Hualien, ROC were maintained in pathogen-free sterile isolators according to institutional guidelines, and all food, water, caging, and bedding were sterilized prior to use.
All procedures were approved by the Japanese National Animal Care and Use Committee of Taiwan. Cancer cells 5×10 6 in 0. Once tumors reached a mean size of mm 3 , animals received either 50 μl intra-peritoneal injections of PBS control group , or CPE low dose: 25 μl and high dose: 50 μl five times per week for 23 days.
The photos were taken 18 days after the tumor volume reached approximately mm 3 in size. In these photos, the tumors present on each animal are encircled for easier identification.
As can be seen from these figures, the mice treated with 25 μL of CPE showed strong reductions in the PC-3 xenograftic tumor. Those treated with 50 μL of. CPE exhibited almost complete reduction in tumor size. It can be seen that there was relatively little change in average body weight despite tumor growth.
As shown, a significant reduction in tumor volume was observed between the untreated group and those receiving 25 μL of injection.
The reduction in tumor size for those being treated with 50 μL was even much greater the tumors almost completely disappeared. Three groups of four mice each were treated using the identical injection, components and measurement procedures set forth in Example 3. Once tumors reached a mean size of mm 3 , animals received either 50 μl injections of PBS control group , or were orally administered CPE in doses of or μL five times per week for 21 days.
The photos were taken 17 days after the tumor volume reached approximately mm 3 in size. As can be seen from these figures, the mice treated with μL of CPE by oral administration showed strong reductions in the PC-3 xenograftic tumor.
Those treated with μL of CPE exhibited even greater reduction in tumor size. Some of the tumors disappeared with the administration of μL. The therapeutic efficacy of CPE was examined in vivo by treating SCID mice bearing human cancer cell tumor xenografts.
Male nude mice 5-wk-old purchased from Tzu Chi University Animal Center, Hualien, ROC were maintained in pathogen-free sterile isolators according to institutional guidelines, and all food, water, caging, and bedding were sterilized prior to use.
All procedures were approved by the National Animal Care and Use Committee. Once tumors reached a mean size of mm a , animals were subjected to intra-peritoneal i. treatment or oral administration of CPE.
For i. treatment of CPE, animals received either 50 μL injections of PBS control group , or CPE low dose: 25 μL and high dose: 50 μL , five times per week for 23 days.
For oral administration of CPE, animals were orally given with either μL of sterile water control group , or CPE low dose: 50 μL and high dose: μL. All treatments were given 5 days a week for 21 days.
At the end of the experiment, tumors were excised and weighed, and a part of the tumor was fixed in buffered formalin and the remaining portion subjected to western blot analysis.
Oral Administration of CPE Inhibits Tumor Growth In Vivo:. The therapeutic efficacy of oral CPE in vivo was examined by treating immunodeficient mice bearing human prostate cancer cell line PC-3 tumor xenografts. Animals received oral administration of 50 and μL CPE five times per week for 21 days.
As shown in FIG. This suggests that there is no noticeable side effect or toxicity caused by oral administration of CPE. In each instance, oral administration of CPE began after the tumor volume reached approximately mm 3 in size.
These photographs clearly show the reduced tumor size in those animals treated in accordance with the present invention.
In particular, we found the average tumor size in the positive untreated group was However, no dose response difference was observed between the oral CPE μL and CPE μL group.
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Reproductive and Endocrinology, Toxicology, and Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, KolaDaisi University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Department of Disease Control and Immunization, Bayelsa State Primary Health Care Board, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
Department of Chemical Sciences, Crown-Hill University, Eiyenkorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar.
Correspondence to Olalekan Bukunmi Ogunro. Department of Microbiology, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Bayelsa, Nigeria. Department of Sustainable Development, Appalachian State University, Boone, USA.
Government College, University of Faisalabad, Islamabad, Pakistan. Reprints and permissions. Ogunro, O. Citrus aurantium : Phytochemistry, Therapeutic Potential, Safety Considerations, and Research Needs. In: Izah, S. eds Herbal Medicine Phytochemistry. Reference Series in Phytochemistry.
Springer, Cham. Received : 10 September Accepted : 17 September Published : 10 November Publisher Name : Springer, Cham. Print ISBN : Online ISBN : eBook Packages : Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life Sciences Reference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences.
Policies and ethics. Skip to main content. Abstract Citrus aurantium , commonly referred to as sour orange or bitter orange, holds significant importance both in biological and economic terms. Keywords Citrus aurantium Bitter orange Phytochemicals Non-pharmacological uses Economic relevance.
Abbreviations ALT: Alanine transminase AMPKα: Activated protein kinase alpha AMPKα: AMP-activated protein kinase alpha AST: Aspartate aminotransferase CAVAPs: Crude polysaccharides of C. aurantium L.
Amara Engls DPPH: 2,2-Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl ERK: Extracellular signal- regulated kinase EtOAc: Ethyl acetate FAS: Fatty acid synthase FDA: Food and Drug Administration FRAP: Ferric reducing antioxidant power GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase GSK3β: Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta IL-1β: Interleukin-1β IL Interleukin 6 iNOS: Inducible nitric oxide synthase JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinase MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase MTD: Maximum tolerated dose NAFLD: Non-alcohol fatty liver disease NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis NF-kB: Nuclear factor kappa B NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect-level NOEL: No-observed-effect-level Nrf2: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ORAC: Oxygen radical absorbance capacity PGC-1α: PPARγ co-activator 1α PTFC: Pure total flavonoids from citrus SCD1: Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 TAC: Total antioxidant capacity TBARS: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances TNF- α: Tumor necrosis factor α UCP1: Uncoupling protein-1 WADA: World Anti-Doping Agency.
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Curr Org Chem — Article CAS Google Scholar Download references. Author information Authors and Affiliations Reproductive and Endocrinology, Toxicology, and Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, KolaDaisi University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria Olalekan Bukunmi Ogunro Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria Glory Richard Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria Sylvester Chibueze Izah Department of Disease Control and Immunization, Bayelsa State Primary Health Care Board, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria Kurotimipa Frank Ovuru Department of Chemical Sciences, Crown-Hill University, Eiyenkorin, Kwara State, Nigeria Oladimeji Taiwo Babatunde Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India Moyuri Das Authors Olalekan Bukunmi Ogunro View author publications.
View author publications. Editor information Editors and Affiliations Department of Microbiology, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Bayelsa, Nigeria Sylvester Chibueze Izah Department of Sustainable Development, Appalachian State University, Boone, USA Matthew Chidozie Ogwu Government College, University of Faisalabad, Islamabad, Pakistan Muhammad Akram.
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Bitter auratnium Citrus Thermogenic effects on digestionhealhh known as sour orange and Seville orange, is Root canal citrus aueantium with a Thermogenic effects on digestion of uses. Aurxntium article covers all you need to auratnium about aurqntium orange, Injury prevention methods its role in weight Thermogenic effects on digestion prodtate skin health, as well as its overall safety as a supplement. The bitter orange plant thrives in subtropical regions but can withstand adverse environmental conditions like frost for short periods 2. Oval or oblong in shape, the fruit is red-orange when ripe and has a distinctively thick, dimpled skin. There are 23 cultivars of the fruit, the most prominent of which is Bergamot. You can expect some varieties to be more bitter than others. Bitter orange contains several potent plant compounds that are sometimes extracted from the dried peel to make dietary supplements. Citrus aurantiumcommonly referred to halth sour heakth or bitter orange, holds significant importance Citrjs in biological Thermogenic effects on digestion economic terms. Throughout Ahrantium, humans have turned to nature fpr their pursuit of heealth and wellness. Among the L-carnitine and energy metabolism that have historically played Citrus aurantium for prostate health role aurantiumm enhancing fitness, Thermogenic effects on digestion aurantium stands out. A diverse array of phytochemical constituents present in Citrus aurantium have been closely tied to its various biological activities, encompassing areas such as gastrointestinal disorders, insomnia, headaches, cancer treatment, antiseptic properties, antioxidant effects, and antispasmodic effects. Beyond its pharmacological relevance, Citrus aurantium also boasts numerous non-pharmacological applications that make it particularly intriguing. It serves as a food preservative agent, contributes to aromatherapy practices, acts as a pesticide, provides raw materials for the pulp and paper industry, lends its aromatic qualities to the food processing and cosmetics sectors, and offers potential as an anti-aging agent. Despite its impressive array of properties, the utilization of Citrus aurantium and its derivatives has been linked to certain unwanted side effects. 
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