Metabolic syndrome stroke risk -
Middle-aged adults who feel otherwise healthy but have mildly high blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose as well as higher waist circumference might experience a heart attack or stroke two years earlier than their healthier peers.
The research has not been published yet in a peer-reviewed journal. The risk factors listed in the study, taken together, are known as metabolic syndrome and have been linked in previous studies to a higher risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
The researchers studied a group of nearly 35, adults in their 40s and 50s. In addition, adults with metabolic syndrome had non-fatal heart attacks or strokes 2. Tonia Vinton, an assistant professor in the Department of Internal Medicine at UT Southwestern Medical Center in Texas and a specialist on metabolic syndrome who was not involved in the study.
What makes metabolic syndrome a serious condition is that not only might you feel well and have one of these elevated risk factors, but even if you have one — such as slightly high blood pressure — you might not be understanding the totality of your risks.
The American Heart Association classifies metabolic syndrome as having three or more risk factors, including:. The study authors highlighted that elevated blood pressure was a particular risk for earlier stroke and heart attack, especially among middle-aged women.
A decline in metabolic flexibility intensifies the risks of conditions like heart disease and stroke. There are some basic interventions, however, that anyone can practice to improve their metabolic health. For instance, lifestyle modifications that target belly fat might also target other metabolic syndrome risk factors, Vinton said.
For example, at least one study showed that an hour of resistance training weekly could reduce metabolic syndrome risk significantly. Focus on challenging yourself to one new habit per week and then progress from there. Researchers say people diagnosed with metabolic syndrome have an increased risk of developing gout.
However, you can lower that risk by taking steps…. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility and used a standardized form to collect data from published studies. The study quality was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: We found 13 eligible studies that included 92, participants.
Compared to individuals without metabolic syndrome, subjects with metabolic syndrome had a 1. The relative risk of stroke associated with metabolic syndrome was 2.
Conclusions: This analysis shows that metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for incident stroke. A diagnosis of metabolic syndrome may prove useful in clinical management, and its elements should ultimately become important therapeutic targets for the reduction of the stroke burden in the general population.
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Meta-Analysis May 15 Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Stroke: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies Subject Area: Cardiovascular System , Neurology and Neuroscience. Wei Li ; Wei Li. a Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, and.
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Bang OY, Kim JW, Lee JH, Lee MA, Lee PH, Joo IS, et al. Association of the metabolic syndrome with intracranial atherosclerotic stroke. Milionis HJ, Rizos E, Goudevenos J, Seferiadis K, Mikhailidis DP, Elisaf MS. Components of the metabolic syndrome and risk for first-ever acute ischemic nonembolic stroke in elderly subjects.
Baird TA, Parsons MW, Phan T, Butcher KS, Desmond PM, Tress BM, et al. Persistent poststroke hyperglycemia is independently associated with infarct expansion and worse clinical outcome. Fuentes B, Castillo J, San Jose B, Leira R, Serena J, Vivancos J, et al.
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Strike adults who feel otherwise healthy but have mildly high Metabolic syndrome stroke risk pressure, cholesterol, and glucose as well as higher waist Metabolic syndrome stroke risk might etroke a heart attack Healthy blood sugar levels stroke two years stro,e than Risks of excessive caffeine consumption in extreme diets healthier syndroe. The research has not been Metaboilc yet in a peer-reviewed journal. The risk factors listed in the study, taken together, are known as metabolic syndrome and have been linked in previous studies to a higher risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. The researchers studied a group of nearly 35, adults in their 40s and 50s. In addition, adults with metabolic syndrome had non-fatal heart attacks or strokes 2. Tonia Vinton, an assistant professor in the Department of Internal Medicine at UT Southwestern Medical Center in Texas and a specialist on metabolic syndrome who was not involved in the study.Metabolic syndrome stroke risk -
ROC curve of effective metabolic syndrome according to difference criteria for the identified stroke. Finally, ROC analyses revealed that metabolic syndrome according to different criteria are moderately accurate for the effective identification of stroke.
According to the results of this study, history of stroke in people with MetS disorders was more in comparison with people without MetS at baseline according to all three criteria. Accordingly, the presence of MetS has been associated with an increased risk of prevalent stroke in the existing literature.
For example, in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey among 10, subjects, the prevalence of MetS was significantly higher in people with a self-reported history of stroke The results of the mentioned study, indicate a strong, consistent relationship of the metabolic syndrome with prevalent MI and stroke [ 17 ].
Another previous study has shown that metabolic syndrome is associated with self-reported history of stroke and myocardial infarction and stroke together [ 17 ]. In the present study, after adjusting all variables, which could act as potential confounders in the causal pathways describing the association of MetS with stroke, the odds of stroke according to three definitions in all models were higher among people with MetS compared with non- MetS people.
Similarly, the results of the study by Mottillo et al. In a case-control study, Milionis et al. In a study conducted by Chen et al. So, it can be stated that the metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for stroke that seemingly has an underlying metabolic causation.
Central obesity is the centerpiece of the metabolic alterations. Accordingly, increased abdominal adiposity contributes to dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension [ 21 ].
Further and more importantly, though, is the fact that we found significant differences the stroke and the non-stroke groups based on some demographic variables. The prevalence of stroke was significantly more in elderly, obese, smoker, and sedentary people who had history of diabetes, MI, cardiac ischemic and family history of stroke.
In line with these results, some studies in Iran and other countries, reported similar results [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. These findings were in accordance with our results even after all implemented adjustments and in a population with different geographical and demographical characteristics, providing a reasonable credit for our findings and conclusions based on our audit objectives.
Finally, in our study, the mean of waist circumference WC , FBS and systolic blood pressure were significantly higher among people with history of stroke and HDL cholesterol level was lower in this group compared with people without history of stroke. In line with our study, in a Nationwide Population-Based Study with 21,, participants conducted by Cho et al.
WC demonstrated a significant linear relationship and was powerful enough to predict the risk of ischemic stroke [ 29 ], and a systematic review and dose—response meta-analysis of 4. Similarly, a meta-analysis study by Sarikaia et al. Also, the results of a study conducted by Muñoz-Rivas et al.
Such being the case, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure and body weight that are considered to be related to components of MetS should be well controlled to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke in patients with history of stroke and also to prevent stroke in individuals without history of stroke.
This study has strengths and limitations. Population-based nature study, large sample size, extensive data collection for the exposure of interest MetS , potential confounders, and its standardized methodology are the main strengths of this study.
However, the study has some limitations too. The main limitation of our study was its cross-sectional design that refrained us to derive any causal inferences.
Furthermore, our data source was self-report, and the ischemic and hemorrhagic types of strokes were not separated. In conclusion, our results showed that metabolic syndrome was associated with the increased odds of stroke.
The datasets used during the current study are available on the Persian Adult Cohort Study Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The data is not available publicly.
However, upon a reasonable request, the data can be obtained from the corresponding author. Zhang X et al. Metabolic syndrome augments the risk of early neurological deterioration in acute ischemic stroke patients independent of inflammatory mediators: a hospital-based prospective study Sreeram KM et al.
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Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar. Download references. We thank the people who participated in the study, studysite personnel, and members of the Rafsanjan cohort center in Rafsanjan, Iran.
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Neuro-immunology Research Scholar, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, US.
Neurology Department, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Science, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Occupational Safety and Health Research Center, NICICO, World Safety Organization and Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Clinical Research Development Unit CRDU , Niknafs Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital CRDU , Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Department of internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. K and A. V designed the study and supervised the project. S collected the data.
A prepared Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4. K performed the statistical analysis. M and T. S wrote the main manuscript text. L and N. J revised the paper. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript. This is likely due to the inclusion of established risk factors for diabetes such as waist circumference BMI and high blood glucose levels short of diabetes , which are not included in the FRS.
Thus, MetS is a simple tool that identifies subjects predisposed to either CVD or DM2. Reliance on documented physician-diagnosed cases of DM2 is specific but not sensitive and inevitably results in underascertainment of cases.
However, much of the error due to underascertainment of cases will apply equally when assessing the predictive power of the FRS and MetS. Underascertainment is unlikely to be related to the distribution of the FRS as opposed to MetS and should therefore not invalidate comparisons.
Although measurements were based on nonfasting measurement, which particularly affects triglyceride and glucose levels, our findings of a 1. So the difference between the FRS and MetS cannot be explained by the cutoff points we used for glucose. It is therefore unlikely that the weaker effect of the syndrome on CHD risk is due to nonfasting measures.
Finally, because waist circumference was not available, we used BMI as a proxy to classify individuals with obesity, similar to other studies. In conclusion, MetS NCEP definition 5 is associated with a significant increase in risk of CHD, stroke, and DM2 and is a far stronger predictor of DM2 than of CHD and stroke.
Although it is inferior to the FRS in predicting CHD, MetS identifies people who are predisposed to either CVD or DM2 and may serve as a simple clinical approach to identifying patients for clinical intervention to reduce CVD and DM2 risk. Correspondence: S. Goya Wannamethee, PhD, Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, England goya pcps.
Disclaimer: The British Regional Heart Study is a British Heart Foundation Research Group and receives support from the Department of Health England. However, the views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Health England.
full text icon Full Text. Download PDF Top of Article Abstract Methods Results Comment Article Information References. View Large Download. Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Men With No History of CHD, Stroke, or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Association of Metabolic Syndrome With Development of CHD, Stroke, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Association of Number of Metabolic Abnormalities With Development of CHD, Stroke, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus DM2. Metabolic Syndrome and Framingham Risk Score and Measures of Probability Percentage for Occurrence of CHD Event and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus DM2.
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Thank you for visiting nature. Strok are syndrrome a browser version with limited Low-carb and exercise performance for CSS. To syndromf the best experience, we recommend you Probiotic Foods for Anxiety a ssyndrome up to date browser or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript. In this study, we aimed to examine the impact of the metabolic syndrome and its components on the risk of cardiovascular disease among a relatively less-obese population. Systematic cardiovascular surveillance was carried out throughoutand events of ischemic heart disease and stroke were identified.Video
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