Gut health and longevity -
So, what are these foods and lifestyle changes that will keep your beneficial and unique gut bacteria happy while you age? The food you eat shapes the landscape of the microbes that inhabit your gut, and changing your diet can alter this significantly and rapidly.
Bulsiewicz explained. He pointed to research that highlights the lack of sufficient fiber in our diets. Make the fruit and vegetable section your first stop at the grocery store. The plants that you find here and their frozen and canned counterparts are brimming with nutrients and fiber.
Your gut microbes will be happy, and all that fiber will also help keep you regular and avoid constipation. vegetables like Brussels sprouts, spinach, kale, avocado, broccoli, zucchini, cauliflower, and bell peppers. There are plenty of other plants that are high in fiber, such as whole grains, nuts and seeds, and legumes.
Spector recommends eating 30 different plant foods each week. But as you age, you may find it harder to incorporate all that fiber in your diet, Dr.
Bulsiewicz noted. Bulsiewicz continued. You can check out our 10 tips for increasing your plant intake. Fruit and veg that come in bright colors also contain a type of antioxidant called polyphenol, as do tea, coffee, red wine, and dark chocolate.
Research also shows that polyphenols may keep chronic conditions at bay. Spector advises. Exercise is great for your health, but your gut bugs are also big fans of physical activity, research suggests.
Even low-intensity exercise can make a difference. Sleep is another important factor in your gut health as you age, Dr. Bulsiewicz notes. Poor sleep can negatively affect your gut microbiome, which, in turn, can make it harder to get good quality sleep.
As Dr. The ZOE at-home test uses the latest scientific advances to analyze your gut microbiome, along with your blood sugar and blood fat responses, to help you find the best foods for your gut microbiome and your long-term health goals.
Age and the aging process significantly alter the small bowel microbiome. Cell Reports. Development of the gut microbiota in infancy and its impact on health in later life. Allergology International. Exercise modifies the gut microbiota with positive health effects.
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. Gut microbiome pattern reflects healthy ageing and predicts survival in humans. Nature Metabolism. Heterochronic faecal transplantation boosts gut germinal centres in aged mice.
Nature Communications. Microbiota from young mice counteracts selective age-associated behavioral deficits. Nature Aging. Novel bile acid biosynthetic pathways are enriched in the microbiome of centenarians.
Role of the gut microbiota in nutrition and health. The BMJ. The effects of polyphenols and other bioactives on human health. Usual nutrient intake from food and beverages, by gender and age, what we eat in America, NHANES Signatures of early frailty in the gut microbiota.
Genome Medicine. The largest study of its kind has found changes to metabolism, sleep, and heart disease risk after menopause. Age affects both your food metabolism and how many calories you burn each day. Learn at what age to expect the Research shows that a diverse gut microbiome is vital for a healthy immune system.
And what you eat can play a Learn Nutrition Gut Health COVID Healthy Living Life Stages Health Conditions Podcasts. Gut Health Gut Microbiome.
Updated 13th February Why is the gut microbiome important for healthy aging? Share this article. Gut microbiome Effects of aging Recent research Nutrition tips Specific foods Other strategies.
How can you support your gut health? Eating a balanced diet rich in fiber, prebiotics, and probiotics is key. Fermented foods such as kimchi, sauerkraut, and kefir are great sources of gut-healthy probiotics. Additionally, consuming plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can provide the nutrients that support a thriving microbiome.
By taking care of your gut, you just may be adding years to your life. However, when inflammation becomes chronic, it can put our health at risk. Long-term inflammation has been linked to a wide range of health concerns, from joint pain to heart disease.
According to a recent study, chronic inflammation may even lower your life expectancy. One of the biggest culprits of chronic inflammation is a poor diet.
Consuming a lot of processed foods, sugar, and unhealthy fats can trigger an inflammatory response in the body. Other factors that may cause chronic inflammation include smoking, lack of sleep, and prolonged stress. To reduce inflammation and support your longevity, focus on eating whole, nutrient-dense foods.
Prioritize healthy fats such as omega-3s found in fish and nuts. Regular exercise, stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, and plenty of sleep can also help combat inflammation.
Interestingly, a healthy gut microbiome may play a crucial role in reducing inflammation. Studies have shown that certain gut bacteria can produce anti-inflammatory compounds that may help protect the body from chronic inflammation.
Conversely, an imbalance in gut bacteria known as dysbiosis may promote inflammation. Additionally, probiotics may help balance the gut microbiome and reduce inflammation.
Consult with your healthcare provider to determine if a probiotic supplement is right for you. Other lifestyle factors that can impact longevity include maintaining a healthy weight, not smoking, drinking alcohol in moderation, and staying physically active.
Prioritizing gut health, reducing inflammation, and focusing on healthy habits can all help us live longer, healthier lives. By prioritizing our gut health, reducing inflammation, and making healthy lifestyle choices, we can support our longevity and add years to our lifespan.
While it may require a few lifestyle changes, investing in our health is always worth it in the long run. So start small, make changes one at a time, and get on the path to a longer, healthier life.
As a Lyme literate physician, Dr Muran has been treating Lyme recovery for 15 years collaborating with Drs. Ray Jones, Ray Stricker, Joseph Jemsek and Richard Horowitz. As appears in Insights into Lyme Disease Treatment, the functional medicine approach uncovers the reasons for prior failures in treatment.
Pete is a Functional Medicine Physician that provides in-depth, personalized health plans to treat a variety of chronic illnesses. When you come into the office you will receive a complete and personalized health assessment that considers psychological, environmental, and biological factors.
Longeviity human microbiome is defined as the xnd of microorganisms and viruses Blueberry dessert ideas haelth in the human body. Studies show Chef-inspired dishes healthy microbiome composition is key to Injury rehab diet and nutrition plan health. Research also suggests that the gut Longevigy plays a crucial Blueberry dessert ideas in the aging process. For example, studies show that the healthy centenarian gut microbiome is rich in bacteria that may promote healthy aging by warding off infections and inducing gut homeostasis. Some studies show that viruses known as bacteriophages bind to bacteria in the gut, and affect their activity. In some cases, they may improve bacterial function by improving their metabolism. As centenarians have decreased susceptibility to age-related diseases and lkngevity compared to younger individuals, understanding more about what makes their microbiomes unique could aid the development of strategies that promote healthy aging.Video
What Does Professor Tim Spector Eat in a Day? New research shows little risk of infection anr prostate biopsies. Discrimination longebity work is linked Gut health and longevity high blood pressure. Icy fingers Gutt toes: Poor circulation or Raynaud's phenomenon? Trillions Gut health and longevity microbes — bacteria, viruses, fungi — call your gut home. They do more than just help you digest food. They fight harmful pathogens; make vitamin K and other important chemicals; affect the way medications work; and may influence your immune system, heart health, and cancer risk. It also appears gut microbes may play a role in healthy aging and longevity.Gut health and longevity -
After quality control, 9,, imputed SNPs were available for analysis. More details of the GWAS data can be found in the published article [ 21 ]. The GWAS data of longevity was derived from 36, individuals of European ancestry in multiple studies, including 11, cases and 25, controls [ 18 ].
Cases were individuals who lived to age above the 90th percentile, and the control group was the age of death or age at last follow-up visit at or before the 60th percentile age.
For each cohort, genotype imputation was performed using the Genomes reference panel, and quality control of the summary statistics was performed using the EasyQC software. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze GWAS for each cohort, adjusting for clinical site, known family relationships, and the first four principal components as covariates.
A fixed effect meta-analysis combined GWAS of participating cohorts using METALs [ 22 ]. Detailed descriptions of quality control, GWAS, and meta-analysis are available in the published article [ 18 ].
The GWAS data on gut microbiota was obtained from the previous GWAS meta-analysis. The two German cohorts were genotyped using the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6. Rank normal transformed RNT model and hurdle binary HB model were used to calculate the phenotype of microbial taxa.
All microbiome abundance, α-diversity, and primary FGFP association analyses were performed using Snptest.
After quality control, 7,, SNPs were retained for the FGFP microbiome GWAS. More details on RNT and HB models can be found in the published article [ 12 ].
LDSC regression analysis is a new method for estimating genetic correlation, which requires only GWAS summary statistics. Due to the limited GWAS summary data for parental longevity, LDSC analysis in this study was only conducted to assess the genetic correlation of gut microbiota with healthspan, longevity and lifespan.
py was used to reformat summary statistics and remove variants that are not SNPs e. After quality control, 1,, SNPs for longevity, 1,, SNPs for healthspan, 1,, SNPs for lifespan, and about 1.
Secondly, following the standard approach recommended by the developers, the Genomes Project was used as the linkage disequilibrium LD reference panel for estimating the LD score.
However, after the Bonferroni correction, there was no significant correlation. MR analysis used genetic variants associated with exposure as instrumental variables IVs.
In this study, candidate gut microbiota associated with longevity were detected by LDSC regression analysis, and then SNPs of those candidate gut microbiota were used as genetic instruments.
Fifty-eight independent SNPs were extracted from gut microbiota GWAS studies for SNP exposure in this analysis, including 24 SNPs for Collinsella , 33 SNPs for Sporobacter and 1 SNP for Veillonella Table S 1.
MR analysis was performed to assess the causation between candidate gut microbiota and longevity-related traits. To test the validity of our findings, the sensitivity analyses of the weighted median, weighted mode and MR-Egger regression for the causal effect estimation of gut microbiota on longevity-related traits were also performed here [ 24 ].
Egger regression was used to account for uncorrelated pleiotropy, and weighted median, and the weighted mode were used to account for correlated pleiotropy. In the case of exposure with only one significant SNP in the GWAS, the Wald ratio model was used for MR analysis. In addition, to investigate whether longevity would affect the gut microbiota, a reverse MR analysis was also performed in the same way.
All statistical analyses were conducted in Two Sample MR package of R software [ 25 ]. Figure 3 and Table S 2 show the results of LDSC regression analysis. Genetic correlation estimates for gut microbiota and longevity by LDSC regression analysis.
a Circle color indicates the phenotype of longevity, whilethe red plot represents the healthspan, the green plot represents the parental lifespan,and the blue plot represents the parental longevity.
All the genetic correlationsfor gut microbiota and longevity illustrated here can be found in Supplementary Table 2. b , c , d Circles represent the genetic correlation of healthspan, lifespan and longevity, respectively.
The circle color indicates the degree of genetic correlation. The dark color has a high degree of genetic correlation, while the light color has a low degree of genetic correlation.
For MR analysis of gut microbiota on longevity-related traits, a suggestive causal association was found in the weighted median method Table 3 ; Fig.
All results of MR analysis were summarized in Table S 3. Scatter plots of the association of Collinsella and parental longevity. The slopes of each line represent the potential causal associations for each method. Several reverse causal effects of longevity-related traits on gut microbiota were observed in our reverse MR analyses Table 4.
All tests of pleiotropy and heterogeneity were negative, indicating that our MR results were not biased by heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy.
The results of all reverse MR analyses were summarized in Table S 4. The aging population has led to a higher prevalence of chronic diseases in recent years, and the increased burden on health care systems in developing countries has made it necessary to explore how to extend a healthy lifespan [ 26 ].
By conducting a multivariate meta-analysis of three European-ancestry GWAS with aging traits: healthspan, parental lifespan and longevity, Timmers et al. found genetic correlations among the three, with longevity most closely related to parental lifespan.
In addition, their analysis further identified 78 genes associated with these three phenotypes as well as various aging pathways [ 27 ]. Furthermore, the gut microbiota has been implicated in aging, providing potential targets for novel interventions to promote healthy aging [ 28 ].
Our study explored the effect of gut microbiota on longevity based on the data from multiple independent large-scale GWAS of gut microbiota and longevity.
Findings from the LDSC regression analysis indicate a suggestive genetic correlation between gut microbiota and longevity. Utilizing the independent GWAS data, we further tested the causal association between identified candidate gut microbiota and longevity-related traits using MR analysis.
Our results provided potential clues for the genetic pathogenies of the effect of gut microbiota on longevity. Previous studies found that community richness measures and enriched beneficial bacteria could be seen as microbial signatures of longevity, providing a promising target for promoting healthy aging [ 29 ].
In an experimental study of faecal microbial transplantation FMT , Bárcena et al. found intestinal dysbiosis existed in both progeroid mouse models, and FMT from wild-type mice enhanced both healthspan and lifespan.
Consistent with the mouse models, human progeria patients also showed intestinal dysbiosis, with a substantial increase in Verrucomicrobia and a reduction in Proteobacteria in human longevity [ 30 ].
Gut microbiota may influence the healthy lifespan of the elderly through the following biological mechanisms: 1 gut microbiota can modulate the immune response, primarily by maintaining a balance between the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory networks [ 7 , 31 ]; 2 the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, including intestinal dysbiosis influences on metabolic diseases, such as digestive diseases and mental illness [ 10 , 32 , 33 ]; 3 genetic and epigenetic regulation of aging, including through oxidative stress induced cellular senescence [ 34 ]; 4 nutrition is a common factor linking the gut microbiota to the host genome, such as extend lifespan through caloric restriction [ 9 , 35 ].
We identified several candidate longevity-related gut microbiota and observed suggestive causation between Collinsella and parental longevity. The role of gut microbiota in various chronic metabolic diseases and aging in longevity research occupies an important position.
As metabolic diseases and aging are both characterized by low-grade inflammation and activation of the innate immune system, the influence of gut microbiota on obesity and related metabolic disorders may help detect healthy aging [ 36 ].
A study of gut microbiome patterns revealed a positive association between microbial metabolic markers and gut microbiome uniqueness, reflecting a healthy aging phenotype and predicting longevity in older adults [ 37 ].
Centenarians have a lower incidence of chronic illness and an extended healthspan [ 38 ]. By producing ursodeoxycholate, Collinsella inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and has antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects [ 39 ].
The abundance of Collinsella was significantly higher in South Korean centenarians than in normal elderly individuals based on a century-healthy aging model [ 40 ].
Notably, although Collinsella has recently been associated with metabolic regulation, atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus, dietary interventions strongly influence Collinsella , and further research is needed to explore its pathogenic mechanism [ 41 ]. Scientific evidence has shown that the Mediterranean diet can affect human life expectancy by preventing the development of chronic metabolic diseases and reducing cancer incidence [ 42 ].
Our results hope to provide biomarkers for clinicians and researchers to assess aging status by detecting changes in gut microbiota. The Sporobacter , belonging to the family Ruminococcaceae , can degrade aromatic compounds and produce short-chain fatty acids SCFAs [ 43 ].
SCFAs as the end-products of fermentation of dietary fibers and resistant starch, which play an important role in appetite regulation, energy metabolism, inflammation and disease [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. For example, in a study of gut microbiota in children with irritable bowel syndrome IBS , researchers gave a low fermentable substrate diet LFSD to IBS children.
They identified significantly increased abundance of Sporobacter in children who responded to the diet [ 47 ]. A healthy immune system protects the body, and aging results from a decline in immune function, controlled by the thymus, central nervous system, and pineal gland.
Diet supplementation of resin acid-enriched composition increased sow colostrum immunoglobulin G content and changed sow gut microbiota abundance, including a significant decrease in the abundance of Sporobacter [ 49 ]. In addition, Sporobacter is considered a critical bacteria for controlling intestinal infection or inflammation in treating non-infectious colitis with FMT [ 50 ].
Lin et al. found that the richness and diversity of Sporobacter increased significantly in patients with early gastric cancer after subtotal gastrectomy [ 51 ]. From what has been discussed above, we speculated that the genetic association between Sporobacter and longevity might be due to their shared influence on immune function and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
Veillonella was also observed to have causal effects on longevity in our study, with a higher correlation for longevity. There was also an increased abundance of Veillonella in patients with early gastric cancer after subtotal gastrectomy due to the decreased stomach volume and increased stomach pH after subtotal gastrectomy [ 51 ].
It is well known that Veillonella is a pro-inflammatory bacterium causing severe acute and chronic infections, such as chronic anaerobic pneumonitis [ 52 ] and osteomyelitis [ 53 ]. Gut microbiota may be a pathogenic factor of colorectal cancer CRC , and Veillonella has been found to contribute to CRC in humans [ 54 ].
Dayama et al. found that Veillonella is positively related to DUOXA2 in cystic fibrosis CF patients, through DUOXA2 in ulcerative colitis organization specificity to participate in the inflammatory response, thus leading to colorectal cancer, a complication of CF [ 55 ].
Furthermore, Pseudomonas has demonstrated an increased virulence in the presence of Veillonella , resulting in a deterioration of clinical condition [ 56 ]. Tumor-suppressor genes can be classified as longevity assurance genes, and cancer was considered a natural ceiling on human longevity and its incidence rose exponentially with age [ 57 ].
Our findings emphasized the importance of the interaction of the gut microbiota with host genes for cancer and human longevity. Notably, since we only performed the Wald Ratio model for MR analysis, even though the detection of causal associations between Veillonella and three longevity-related traits can greatly support the reliability of our analysis, further studies still need to examine whether Veillonella is causally associated with longevity carefully.
Since Roseburia did not have relevant SNPs as IVs, we could not test the causal association between Roseburia and longevity-related traits. However, LDSC regression analysis found that apart from the other three gut microbiota associated with longevity, there was also a strong genetic correlation between Roseburia and longevity.
As a common beneficial flora, Roseburia spp. produces SCFAs, especially butyrate, which promote gut ecosystems, immunity, and anti-inflammatory activity, leading to an improvement in chronic conditions such as atherosclerosis and alcoholic fatty liver [ 58 ].
Imhann et al. emphasized the importance of considering the interaction of gut microbiota and host genes as they relate to immune system function, with a higher number inflammatory bowel disease IBD genetic risk variants associated with a decrease in the abundance of Roseburia [ 59 ].
In addition, Wang et al. revealed a higher abundance of Roseburia and Escherichia in Chinese centenarians [ 60 ]. As our research showed, gut microbiota variability may potentially affect human health.
However, due to the little known about gut microbiota, there is still a lot of scope for research on the association between gut microbiota and longevity. With the increase of age, longevity would reversely influence gut microbiota, which mainly includes two aspects.
On the one hand, the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes ARG is a cumulative effect related to age, and antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a major factor influencing gut microbiota composition [ 61 ].
On the other hand, the longevity process has been shown to have a profound effect on the composition and structure of gut microbiota by regulating host metabolisms, such as lactobacillus intake and defecation frequency [ 62 ]. Indeed, our reverse MR analysis results found several causal effects of longevity-related traits on gut microbiota, suggesting that there may be a bi-directional causal association between gut microbiota and longevity.
However, the clear association between gut microbiota and longevity is poorly understood, and we need to collect novel, larger samples and conduct experiments to investigate whether longevity may reverse the effects of gut microbiota on longevity in our future studies.
Our genetic analysis of gut microbiota and longevity was based on large-scale GWAS data sources. It can largely mitigate confounding factors such as environment and lifestyles, making the results relatively reliable.
In addition, we performed LDSC regression analysis and MR analysis in different longevity cohorts, which makes genetic analysis more convincing. However, there are also several limitations in this study. Firstly, multiple test correction is necessary.
The purpose of LDSC analysis in this study was to preliminarily screen the candidate gut microbiota related to longevity and verify it by MR analysis. As the LDSC results after the Bonferroni correction were insignificant, we need to search for more biological evidence from larger samples to validate our findings.
Secondly, the available GWAS data from GWAS Catalog contained a small number of SNPs for parental longevity, leaving the estimated heritability to be out of bounds for genetic correlation analysis. Therefore, we could only assess the genetic association of gut microbiota with healthspan, longevity and lifespan.
Thirdly, although our study fully used the largest publicly available GWAS giving adequate power, weak instruments would exaggerate the association between gut microbiota and longevity. In addition, the GWAS of Veillonella did not contain enough significant SNPs to conduct MR analysis, highlighting the need to include gut microbiota and longevity in larger-scale GWAS studies to explore their causal association thoroughly.
Fourthly, the accuracy of our LDSC regression analyses might be affected by the power of the GWASs we used. To ensure statistical efficiency, we reformatted summary statistics, and inappropriate SNPs were filtered out of the analysis.
However, considering the heterogeneity of GWAS data we used, further large-scale population studies incorporating various longevity phenotypes are warranted. Finally, longevity is regulated by genetic and environmental factors, and gut microbiota only plays a partial role and is greatly influenced by dietary behaviors.
In conclusion, we tested genetic correlation and causal association between gut microbiota and longevity using LDSC regression and MR analyses of large GWAS data. Our study supports the potential role of gut microbiota in the development of longevity.
Notably, further research is needed on the biological mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences longevity. Oeppen J, Vaupel JW. Broken limits to Life Expectancy. Article CAS Google Scholar. Brooks-Wilson AR. Genetics of healthy aging and longevity.
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Breast Cancer. The intestinal microbiota is the set of bacteria and viruses that live inside your gut. Microbiota perform a variety of functions, including digesting food and protecting against specific pathogens.
There are several things that can disrupt the gut microbiota , including diet, alcohol consumption, antibiotics and inflammatory bowel disease.
In the last decade, the results of hundreds of studies in animal models have suggested that gut dysbiosis may play a role in several metabolic disturbances. Furthermore, in rodents, the implantation of certain bacteria could influence weight and metabolic profile.
Is this too good to be true? Respectively a student and a full professor in the Department of Medicine at Université Laval, our goal is to identify new therapeutic targets for chronic diseases and healthy life expectancy by using an approach based on genetic epidemiology. This short article aims to summarize and contextualize our recent research work on the gut microbiota.
Scientists have suggested that eating certain foods such as dietary fibre, antioxidant-rich fruits and red meat may have an effect on the gut microbiota. Some even suggest that microbiota could become a therapeutic target for the prevention or treatment of certain chronic diseases. For the microbiota to become a therapeutic target of interest, it is essential to establish a causal link between the characteristics of the gut microbiota and chronic diseases.
A causal link suggests that modifying the microbiota would decrease the risk of developing a disease. However, while several observational non-experimental studies in humans have identified statistical associations between various markers of gut microbiota and chronic disease , causality has not been clearly established.
For example, it is not known whether gut dysbiosis is the cause or consequence of disease reverse causation. One could think, for example, of the quality of our diet, our weight or our alcohol consumption. So, the aim of our work was to determine whether there is a direct and causal relationship between gut microbiota and metabolic markers such as weight, eight chronic diseases and human longevity using a genetic approach called Mendelian randomization.
Mendelian randomization attempts to establish causal links from genetic data. To do this, Mendelian randomization uses genetic variants frequent changes in our genome sequence called nucleotide polymorphisms that are strongly associated with a risk factor gut microbiota , to establish a causal link with a dependent variable health markers and diseases , as described in a recent article.
Since the variations in our genome are established at the time of embryo formation and remain stable throughout our lives, this natural randomization experiment is not subject to reverse causality bias, since the presence of disease does not influence our genetic code.
It is also not subject to the effect of confounding factors, since the genetic variations used are specifically associated with the characteristics of the gut microbiota. We included genetic data from tens of thousands of individuals from several cohorts.
Your gut healtn home lingevity trillions helth microbes that make up your gut Gut health and longevity. These Protein-rich breakfast ideas are central players in your health throughout your life. But research now also paints a picture of your gut microbes paving the way for good health in old age. Life expectancy has increased across many regions of the world in the last few decades. In the U.
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