Hydration during pregnancy -
Signs of dehydration can, at times, start slowly and then become very evident all at once, Smead says. If you think you may be dehydrated, the first thing to do is drink water, she says. I would recommend drinking several eight-ounce glasses of water over 30 minutes if needed and then sit comfortably with your feet elevated.
If you are still experiencing a persistent headache, fatigue, dizziness, or any uterine cramping after hydrating with rest, contact a health care provider and review your symptoms, she says. One of the best ways to keep up with the hydration needs of pregnancy is to have a water bottle with a visual cue for intake, says Dr.
Not only does it let you know how much water you have consumed, but it also can be a reminder of how much you still need to drink for the day. You also can try eating fruits and vegetables with a high water content such as cucumber, apples, watercress, strawberries, watermelon, and cantaloupe, Dr.
Arumala says. Meanwhile, consider limiting foods that are natural diuretics such as coffee, black and green tea , and asparagus. And, when trying to decide what to drink throughout the day, remember that water is best, says Dr.
If pure water does not sound appetizing, try adding some lemon or a few pieces of fruit for taste. Sports drinks are fine if you are losing electrolytes through diarrhea, vomiting, or [excessive] sweating, but they can have unnecessary ingredients and lots of sugar.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. How much water should I drink during pregnancy? United States Department of Interior, USGS. The Water in You: Water and the Human Body.
Lusambili A, Nakstad B. Awareness and interventions to reduce dehydration in pregnant, postpartum women, and newborns in rural Kenya. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. Mulyani EY, Hardinsyah, Briawan D, Santoso BI, Jus'at I.
Effect of dehydration during pregnancy on birth weight and length in West Jakarta. J Nutr Sci. DOI: March of Dimes. Birth injury help center. Low Amniotic Fluid Concerns. Use limited data to select advertising. Create profiles for personalised advertising.
Use profiles to select personalised advertising. Create profiles to personalise content. Use profiles to select personalised content. Measure advertising performance. What are the benefits of staying hydrated during pregnancy?
Toting around a water battle has its perks, especially during pregnancy. Staying hydrated: Prevents constipation and hemorrhoids Now that you're pregnant, you're not just eating and drinking for two — you're also excreting for two ew, but true. That means you'll have more trash to take out of your system than ever before.
Enter water, which dissolves the waste products and helps flush them from the kidneys. A copious consumption of water also helps immeasurably in the poop department, helping to move solid wastes more speedily down the digestive path.
And, since constipation is pretty common in pregnant women — not to mention the fact that constipation pressure can cause hemorrhoids — well … bottoms up!
Couldn't help it! Prevents UTIs Drinking enough water also keeps your urine diluted, which not only keeps things flowing but also keeps UTIs , bladder infections and kidney infections which are types of UTIs at bay.
Urine that hangs out too long in your bladder can become a breeding ground for infection-triggering bacteria, but staying hydrated can prevent those conditions from developing.
Cools you down Is it crazy-hot in here — or are you pregnant? It's true, the heat is on high! when you're expecting. But if you drink water during pregnancy, you can keep the body's cooling system running smoothly — even when your inner thermostat is cranked all the way up — by dispersing excess heat in the form of sweat.
Fights fatigue An ample flow of fluids also keeps pregnancy fatigue in check — one of the first symptoms of dehydration is exhaustion — and can keep headaches at bay another dehydration symptom.
It also helps your body get rid of excess sodium among other things, minimizing swelling — particularly swollen feet or ankles. Is it safe to drink tap water when you're pregnant? It's never a bad idea to assess the cleanliness of your drinking water — and that's especially true when you're pregnant.
While most of the water you drink likely comes from public water systems and is generally safe to drink, it can be contaminated with high levels of chemicals that could harm a fetus, including lead, mercury and arsenic. In addition, there is increasing evidence that BPA an industrial chemical that mimics estrogen and is found in some plastics can be problematic when you're expecting.
Learn more on how to ensure your water supply is safe to drink when you're pregnant. What other beverages should pregnant women drink? Water is the best drink around, but what if you're all watered out?
There are plenty of other liquids that make the cut: Milk an 8-ounce glass yields just over 7 ounces of water Sparkling or flavored waters Fruit and vegetable juices watch out for added sugar in fruit juice and added sodium in veggie drinks Decaffeinated teas You should, however, dial back on soda as well as other beverages containing caffeine, since they have a diuretic effect besides the other reasons to cut back on caffeine during pregnancy.
Keep in mind, too, that about 20 percent of your daily water intake comes from food sources. Fruits pack the most water: One cup of watermelon or cantaloupe provides just under 5 ounces of water; a medium-size pear or one cup of strawberries provides about 4 and a half ounces; a medium size orange has 4 ounces.
Got the sniffles? A cup of chicken soup yields roughly 6 ounces of water. Sign Up. Sign Out. Getting Pregnant Fertility Ovulation Calculator Ovulation Symptoms Preparing for Pregnancy Preconception Health Implantation Bleeding Interpreting Pregnancy Test.
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Baby Names Top Baby Names for Boys Top Baby Names for Girls Best Gender Neutral Names. Registry Builder Custom Checklist My Registries My Perks Take the Quiz. This preliminary exploratory study findings will fill the gaps in the research on water intake, hydration and maternal health, birth outcomes, provide scientific reference data for updating recommendation on water adequate intake among pregnant women, and provide suggestion for developing water intake interventions.
The protocol has been registered on the website of Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. The Identifier code is ChiCTR The Registry date is 3 November, Peer Review reports. Water participates in a variety of physiological functions, and is essential for body development and survival [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Three sources of water input are available: drinking water, water from food and endogenous water.
Four ways of water-output includes urine through urinary system, sweat through skin surface, breath through respiratory system, and feces through digestive system. Under normal conditions, water maintains a state of dynamic balance in body, that is, the amount of water-input is approximately equal to the amount of water-output [ 2 , 3 ].
However, too much or insufficient water intake disturbs the dynamic water balance, changes the hydration state, and affects body health negatively.
When water intake exceeds the regulatory capacity of kidney, it may cause acute water intoxication and hyponatremia. Insufficient water intake may induce a dehydrated state, which reduces cognition ability [ 4 , 5 , 6 ] and physical activity ability [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ] and increases the risk of urinary system diseases such as kidney stones, urinary tract infections and chronic kidney disease [ 11 , 12 ] and cardiovascular disease [ 13 ].
Therefore, maintaining an optimal hydration status is vital for human health. During pregnancy, physiological changes cause daily water requirements to increase compared with people in normal physiological stages.
Many changes occur in the urinary system: the kidneys become slightly larger; renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate increase in early pregnancy and remain at the high level throughout the whole pregnancy; and urine volume increases when being in the supine position and during the night [ 14 ].
Urination is the main mode of water output [ 15 ]. During pregnancy, water loss through sweating increases due to hyperactive adrenal and thyroid functions, an accelerated metabolism and increased cutaneous circulation.
Nutrients and energy requirements for pregnant women are also increase, so food intake is increased. Water is the carrier of food metabolism, digestion, absorption, circulation and excretion.
Surveys on fluid intake have shown that pregnant women have insufficient water intake. In China, only a few surveys on fluid intake among children and adults have been conducted. These studies have shown that only one third of the participants had adequate water intake and that almost one quarter of participants were dehydrated [ 21 , 22 ].
However, no surveys has been conducted for water intake among pregnant women in China. Changes occurring in the endocrine system during pregnancy may affect hydration.
Aldosterone secreted by the outer globular band during pregnancy has a four-fold times. The secretion of estradiol at the end of pregnancy is times greater than that in non-pregnant women [ 16 ]. Water balance is affected by various hormones. Insufficient water intake increases the secretion of vasopressin and aldosterone, which affects the water permeability of the distal renal tubules and collecting ducts.
As a result, water reabsorption increases and water output decreases [ 23 ]. Copeptin, a stable peptide derived from the vasopressin precursor, is a potential predictor in various chronic diseases, such as diabetes insipidus and cardiovascular diseases [ 24 ]. Endocrine indexes related to hydration and pregnancy interact; thus, hydration state may be associated with pregnancy complications and maternal and infant outcomes.
A prospective study in Italy involving pregnant women revealed that total body water and intracellular and extracellular fluid in healthy pregnant women increased gradually throughout pregnancy, but an opposite trend was observed among women with gestational hypertension [ 25 ].
This suggested that associations might exist between water retention and the development of hypertension. A US study showed that total body water may be a strong predictor of pre-eclampsia [ 27 ].
A Mexican study suggested that total body water in pregnant women with gestational hypertension and severed eclampsia was relatively higher than that in healthy pregnant women.
In addition, chronic hypovolemia induced by insufficient water intake may be among the main risk factors in the development of diabetes [ 28 ], and higher intake of boiled water may reduce the risk of diabetes [ 29 ].
Data from the US Health and Nutrition Survey — showed that people without optimal hydration have a greater risk of obesity than those with optimal hydration [ 30 ], suggesting that hydration influences total gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention.
One study showed that the secretion of breast milk in lactating women increased with the amount of water intake [ 31 ]. A case—control study in the United States suggested that insufficient fluid intake was a risk factor for abortion requirements and preterm births, as well as low birth weight [ 32 ].
Other studies have shown that total body water has significant effects on birth weight [ 26 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. A US case-control study suggested that insufficient fluid intake was an independent risk factor of low birth weight [ 32 ].
The relationship between the state of hydration during pregnancy and the physical infant outcomes has not been fully valued and studied, so there are not so many related literatures.
More studies are needed to be carried out to explore the associations between water intake, hydration state and on pregnancy complications, maternal-infant outcomes.
In order to promote enough water intake, it is necessary to propose recommendations on water intake for pregnant women. Only some countries or organizations have made specific recommendations on water intake for pregnant women: 2.
A survey of dietary guidelines in 84 countries revealed that only 8 countries had quantitative recommendations for fluid intake [ 38 ]. Of the four editions of Dietary Guidelines , , , and released in China, the first two editions had no recommendation for fluid intake [ 39 , 40 ].
In , the recommended amount of daily fluid intake was 1. In , the recommendation was 2. However, the recommendation for water intake for pregnant women was based on data of the water intake survey among pregnant women in other countries, not the data in China.
Water requirements vary among pregnant women in different countries due to differences in dietary pattern, environment, and other factors; thus, it is necessary to undertake studies related to water intake during pregnancy in China.
Two hypotheses are proposed in this study: one is that some pregnant women are dehydrated due to having insufficient water intake and the other is that dehydration has negative effects on pregnancy and maternal and infant outcomes. The objectives of this study are, firstly, to investigate the fluid intake among pregnant women, secondly, to assess their hydration state, and finally, to investigate the associations with pregnancy complications and maternal-infant outcomes.
This preliminary exploratory study on will provides some related reference data for updating the recommendation for adequate water intake among pregnant women. In addition, it will provide some evidences on water-related education.
Based on this preliminary study, multicenter studies with larger sample sizes are required for the development of clinical guidelines and recommendations. The ultimate goals are to promote adequate water intake, to maintain optimal hydration state, and to improve mater health and birth outcomes.
One hypothesis is that a certain proportion of pregnant women have insufficient water intake and have risk of being in dehydration state.
Another hypothesis is that dehydration state induced by insufficient water intake affects maternal health and birth outcomes. A prospective observational cohort study is designed.
All items from the World Health Organization Trial Registration Data Set are shown in Table 1. For the calculation of sample size, the variable used is the incidence of new-onset hyperglycemia. These parameters were set based on the reference to the results of a related study [ 42 ].
For validity, pregnant women will be needed. Pregnant women will be recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan province of China, using a convenience sampling method.
The study protocol has been reviewed and approved by the Ethical Review Committee of the Hainan Medical University. Ethical approval project identification code is —4. The study will be carried out according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
All participants will read the informed consent form, voluntarily agree to participate in this study and sign the informed consent form prior to the study. Written informed consent will be obtained from each participants before enrolment in the study, and then preserved by researchers.
Participants will be followed throughout pregnancy to childbirth. After recruitment: Maternal socio-economics, socio-demographics and other basic information, such as pregnancy history, childbearing history, family history, disease history, drug use and anthropometric data of the participants will be collected after being recruited and entry into the study.
On the day of antenatal care, anthropometric measurements, such as height, body weight and body composition, will be assessed by obstetricians. The first morning urine samples will be collected in sterile disposable urine sample cup and urine osmolality will be tested immediately by professional laboratory technicians.
Antecubital venous blood will be collected to test hemoglobin, osmolality, hydration state regulating endocrine hormones — copeptin and pregnancy related endocrine hormones, including estradiol, prolactin, and progesterone.
Pregnancy complications and other diseases or symptoms including urinary tract infection, anemia, edema and constipation will be assessed and diagnosed by obstetricians in accordance with the relevant physiological indicators.
The occurrence time, duration and treatment measures of these outcomes will be recorded in detail as an important factor to be considered in later data analysis. During the second and third trimester of pregnancy: the same procedure as the first trimester of pregnancy.
During childbirth and after childbirth: Before childbirth One day before the expected date of delivery or one day before cesarean section , psychological state, sleep quality and time, physical activities and medication-use will be collected using corresponding questionnaires.
On the day of childbirth, the mode of delivery will be recorded, pregnancy complications and other complications during childbirth will be assessed and diagnosed by professional obstetricians.
Infant birth weight will be measured and health state will be assessed. Breastfeeding time and the crying behavior of infants before and after breast-feeding will be recorded. Secretion of breast milk and mode of infant feeding will be consulted and infant growth will be assessed.
Flow-process diagram of the study was shown in Fig. If participants in this study requires hospitalization for any reason or receives intravenous fluid, or develops vomiting or diarrhea or fever or respiratory tract infections during pregnancy, the occurrence time, duration and treatment measures of these incidents will be recorded in detail.
The time for recording fluid intake, food intake and other indicators will be exchanged within the allowable range of corresponding research phase to stagger the occurrence and duration of these situations.
The schedule of enrolment, data collections and assessments are shown in Table 2. Hydration related indicators and maternal-infant outcomes are summarized in Table 3.
Hydration state is determined by the balance between water inputs and outputs and judged by the standard of urine osmolality. After standardized training by researchers, daily fluid intake of participants will be collected using a 7-day h fluid intake record by themselves for correct use of such records.
The amount of fluid intake for each time in seven consecutive days will be measured using a customized cup, and the nearest of cup scale is10 mL. This method has been proved to be reliable in many water intake-related studies [ 21 , 46 , 47 ].
The volume, type, time and place of water intake will also be recorded by participants. All types of fluid intake will be recorded in detail including plain water, bottled water, tea, sugar-sweetened beverages, and so on.
The record will be photographed and sent by participants to the investigators using a mobile phone, and will be reviewed by investigators every day to ensure the accuracy and the integrity of the records.
Food intake and water intake from food will be recorded and estimated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire FFQ.
The type, frequency and amount of food intake will be recorded. The amount of food intake will be estimated using by participants with the references of food models and photographic models [ 48 ]. Nutrients and water intake from food will be assessed by trained investigators using the Chinese Food Composition Table [ 49 ].
Self-rated anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale will be used as indicators to assess the psychological status of participants [ 50 , 51 , 52 ]. Both scales, which mainly evaluates the frequency of symptoms, have 20 items each. For negative items, scores are graded sequentially according to the order from 1 to 4, and vice versa.
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index PSQI will be used to assess sleep quality and time for participants, which include 19 self-rating items and 5 others-rating items [ 53 , 54 ].
Score is calculated including 19 self-rating items. Total 7 factors are measured in the 19 items: subjective sleep quality; sleep latency; sleep persistence; habitual sleep efficiency; sleep disorder; use of sleep drugs and daytime dysfunction.
The higher the score, the poorer the quality of sleep. Information on physical activity will be collected by using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire IPAQ [ 55 , 56 ]. The IPAQ consists of 27 items, incluing the type, frequency and duration of various physical activities.
Participants will be classified into low-intensity, moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity physical activity according to the similar criteria in some references [ 57 , 58 ]. On the day of antenatal care, height and weight will be measured twice by professional obstetricians using the height-weight meter HDM; Huaju, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China following standardized processes to the nearest 0.
About the evaluation criteria and indicators for hydration state, multiple indicators will be used for comprehensive evaluation, so body fluids, fluid intake, urine and blood osmolality are measured for evaluating hydration state in this study.
At present, the internationally recognized and authoritative indicator is urine osmolality, which will be used as the primary determinant of the hydration state in this analysis of this study, and other indicators will be considered to be auxiliary indicators.
Intracellular fluid ICF and extracellular fluid ECF : It will be measured by professional obstetricians using a body composition analyzer Inbody ; Inbody; Seoul, Korea with the patients in a fasting state and after having defecated and urinated [ 59 , 60 , 61 ]. Urine and blood osmolality: The first morning urine samples will be collected in a sterile disposable urine sample cup, and blood will also be collected in vacuum tubes.
Using an osmotic pressure molar concentration meter SMC 30C; Tianhe, Tianjin, China with the freezing-point method, osmolality will be determined by laboratory physicians, which will be used to assess the hydration state of participants.
Urine-specific gravity USG : Using an automatic urinary sediment analyzer FUS, Dirui, Changchun, China with the uric dry-chemistry method, the first morning urine samples will be collected in sterile disposable urine sample cup to determine USG by laboratory physicians.
Copeptin as a hydration regulatory endocrine index and estradiol, prolactin, progesterone as pregnancy-related endocrine indexes will be tested in this study. The elbow venous blood will be collected in the morning and injected into a centrifugal tube containing 0.
Then, these endocrine indexes will be determined with the method of radioimmunoassay with corresponding kits. Two measurements will be taken after 2-min intervals.
Gestational diabetes mellitus GDM : Blood glucose will be determined with elbow venous blood using an osmotic pressure molar concentration meter SMC 30C; Tianhe, Tianjin, China by laboratory physicians.
GDM will be diagnosed based on the results of the g, 3-h oral glucose tolerance test OGTT by obstetricians. According to the recommendations of the Committee on Obstetric Practice, a definite diagnosis is made if two or more thresholds be met or exceeded.
The threshold of fasting blood glucose is as follows Preeclampsia or eclampsia: Urine protein will be assessed using an automatic biochemical analyzer Cobas C; Roche; Basel, Switzerland by laboratory physicians.
Anemia: Hemoglobin of elbow venous blood will be tested using automatic routine blood test device MC, Kubeier, Shenzhen, China by laboratory physicians. Oligohydramnios: Amniotic fluid will be measured using ultrasonography by professional medical technicians.
Urinary tract infection: The diagnostic criteria is based on symptoms or laboratory confirmation including white blood cells and bacteria in urine by obstetricians. Routine urine test will be conducted using an automatic biochemical analyzer Cobas C; Roche; Basel, Switzerland by laboratory obstetrician.
It will be diagnosed by obstetricians. Mode of delivery: There are two modes: namely natural childbirth and cesarean section, which will be recorded by obstetricians. Breast milk: The time for early initiation of breastfeeding will be recorded [ 66 ]. And the amount of breast milk will be evaluated based on the performances of infant after breast feeding.
Loose stools are rarely present without the use of laxatives [ 67 ]. Functional constipation will be diagnosed by obstetricians. Total gestational weight gain GWG and postpartum weight retention PWR : Both of them will be calculated based on weight of participants. GWG will be assessed according to the recommendation of Institute of Medicine IOM [ 68 ].
Infant birth weight and length: They will be measured using length and weight-measuring devices for infants HLZ; Hualizheng, Tianjin, China by professional obstetricians while infant is wearing light clothing. The growth of infant will be assessed according to the WHO Child Growth Standards [ 69 ].
The information confidential of the participants will be kept carefully in the whole process of study. During and after the trial, the names of participants will be replaced as study ID. Participants can withdraw from the trial freely as they wish.
In case of adverse events, an emergency physician will be assigned to deal with them in time. Data entry : All data will be documented twice by two trained researchers using the software of Epi Data 3. Statistical analysis : SAS 9. A mixed model of repeated-measures ANOVA will be used to analyze the differences of outcomes among participants with different hydration state.
Multi-logistic regression analysis will be used to investigate the influencing factors related to maternal health and infant outcomes, such as fluid intake, hydration state, urine osmolality, concentration of copeptin and other indicators.
The level of significance will be set at 0. Pregnant women may need more fluid intake due to physiological changes in the mother and for fetal growth. Thus, the risk of being dehydration for pregnant women, due to insufficient fluid intake, is relatively high. However, surveys on fluid intake among pregnant women are scarce.
Optimal hydration is essential for maintaining health. For pregnant women, the endocrine system shows considerable changes during pregnancy, which may affect water metabolism and balance and thus, hydration state.
However, the importance of water and hydration, especially among pregnant women, is often neglected, and more research is required.
The most considerable challenges in this study is the following up of participants and quality control. Important protocol modifications will be discussed and determined by the researcher group, and will be communicated to investigators, trial participants and other relevant parties by e-mail immediately.
To increase the rate of follow up, effective and convenient methods of communication between participants and researchers will be established, including telephone call, home visits, e-mail, WeChat, short message and so on.
The content and purpose of the study will be clearly clarified to establish a relationship of trust and raise awareness of participants concerning the importance of the study. In this study, many methods will also be used to ensure the quality control.
The requirements for participants will be fully explained. Participants will also be trained to be familiarized with the content of related questionnaires and study requirements.
If a participant failed to follow the requirements, her data will not be included in this study and the reason for dropout will also be recorded.
Researchers will be trained on the procedure of this trial, the content of the questionnaires and the technology-related laboratory tests. Some indicators such as height, weight, and blood pressure will be measured twice for accuracy, such as height, weight and blood pressure.
Food models and photographic models will be provided to help participants fill the questionnaire related to food and fluid intake after training to enhance estimation accuracy.
Trial conduction will be audited by a competent authority in the hospital every day, and the process will be independent from investigators and the sponsor. All the questionnaires will be regularly checked and stored for researcher rechecks. A data monitoring committee DMC is established and is comprised by six members three clinicians, one statistician, one ethicist and one nutritionists , who are independent of the sponsor and competing interests.
DMC will review the procedure and data of the study for once a week. The six members will evaluate the safety concerns and benefits to decide that if the study should be continued or terminated. They will also examine the quality of the data, supervise the quality control, record the follow-up process and supervise the process of data entry and analysis.
Four hydration and fluid intake related projects has been completed in China by our team; these provided an authoritative questionnaire and technical supports for the study.
There are both strengths and weaknesses for the design of the present study. Referring to strengths, first, to eliminate the potential confounding factors as much as possible, age, BMI, physiological state, sleep quality, food intake and physical activity will be evaluated and included as covariates in the statistical analyses.
Second, fluid intake is dependent on environmental factors, such as temperature and humidity. The conduction of this study will be in Hainan, which is an area with a tropical monsoon climate.
Thus, temperature and humidity will be recorded clearly to actualize the comparability among different studies in China and with those in other countries. Third, hydration state will be evaluated in many indicators, not only including urine osmolality, but also including body compositions ICF and ECF , copeptin, fluid intake and blood osmolality.
Fourth, water intake from food will be assessed in order to calculate total water intake. Fifthly, the prospective cohort design can avoid recall bias and improve the accuracy of the results.
Durinh aim to give people Tips for boosting metabolism naturally ptegnancy reliable science-based information to support anyone Glucagon stimulation their Hydration during pregnancy towards a healthy, sustainable diet. In this Hydrqtion you can read about the importance of Muscular strength progression routine hydrated during Endurance nutrition for hikers. In the Hycration we Endurance nutrition for hikers not have any advice Hydeation how much to drink in pregnancy. However, in Europe the recommendation is to drink a little more to consider the weight gain and increase in energy intake in the latter stages of pregnancy. Water is needed to produce the fluid surrounding your baby and to help increase your blood volume. If you are suffering with morning sickness, you will also be losing extra fluid, so it is important to try to drink a little more to make up for this. Another way of monitoring your hydration is to check your urine colour.Hydration during pregnancy -
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J Med Assoc Thail. Bloem M. The WHO child growth standards. Download references. We gratefully thank the co-investigators of the survey for volunteer recruitment and determination of physiological indexes, namely, Hainan Medical University and Affiliated Hospital.
Danone Institute China provide fund for the project No. DIC—11 and No. DIC—06 , which is an independent non-profit organization danone.
institute danone-institute. Danone Institute China do not participate in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, writing the manuscript and submitting for publication. They do not have ultimate authority over any of these activities.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, , China.
Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, , China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, 3 Xue Yuan Road, Longhua District, Haikou, , China. Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 31 Long Hua Road, Haikou, , China.
Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 31 Long Hua Road, Haikou, , China. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. All authors revised the manuscript and approved this final version.
Correspondence to Guansheng Ma. The study protocol has been approved by the Ethical Review Committee of the Hainan Medical University. The study will be conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. Prior to the study, all participants will read and sign the informed consent form.
The consent obtained from study participants will be written. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.
Reprints and permissions. Zhang, N. et al. Associations between hydration state and pregnancy complications, maternal-infant outcomes: protocol of a prospective observational cohort study.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 20 , 82 Download citation. Received : 21 January Accepted : 23 January Published : 07 February Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:.
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Skip to main content. Search all BMC articles Search. Download PDF. Abstract Background Water requirements increases with gestational age. Methods A prospective observational cohort study will be applied. Results The results may provide basic data on water intake among pregnant women. Conclusions This preliminary exploratory study findings will fill the gaps in the research on water intake, hydration and maternal health, birth outcomes, provide scientific reference data for updating recommendation on water adequate intake among pregnant women, and provide suggestion for developing water intake interventions.
Trial registration The protocol has been registered on the website of Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. Background Water participates in a variety of physiological functions, and is essential for body development and survival [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].
Study design A prospective observational cohort study is designed. Table 1 Items from the World Health Organization Trial Registration Data Set Full size table. Technology roadmap of study. Full size image.
Flow-process diagram of the study. Table 2 The schedule of enrolment, interventions, and assessments Full size table. Table 3 Summarize of hydration related indicators and maternal-infant outcomes in this study Full size table.
Discussion Pregnant women may need more fluid intake due to physiological changes in the mother and for fetal growth. Availability of data and materials No additional data are available for protocol. Johns Hopkins Medicine.
UT Southwestern Medical Center. False alarm: Braxton Hicks contractions vs. true labor. Blood Circulation in the Fetus and Newborn.
Soma-Pillay P, et al. Physiological Changes in Pregnancy. HER Foundation. Sanghavi M, et al. Cardiovascular Physiology of Pregnancy. National Organization for Rare Disorders. Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Denning DW, et al. The relationship between 'normal' fluid retention in women and idiopathic oedema.
pdf Opens a new window. March of Dimes. aspx Opens a new window. Urinary Tract Infections. Community Getting Pregnant Pregnancy Baby Names Baby Toddler Child Health Family Courses Registry Builder Baby Products Advertisement.
How much water should I drink while pregnant? Medically reviewed by Erin Hinga, M. Photo credit: Nathan Haniger for BabyCenter. Health benefits of drinking water Sipping on water may be one of the simplest steps you can take towards a healthy pregnancy.
Drinking water: Advertisement page continues below. Advertisement page continues below. Was this article helpful? Without enough water and electrolytes, dehydration begins to set in.
Diarrhea during pregnancy can be caused by sudden dietary changes, increased hormone production, and the sensitivity to certain foods some pregnant women experience. During the third trimester, especially nearing the due date, diarrhea is more common. Diarrhea results in a severe loss of water and electrolytes, and it is one of the leading causes of dehydration.
Replenishing water and electrolytes with electrolyte powder like DripDrop after an episode of diarrhea is critical to remedy dehydration.
Some pregnant women experience increased sweating during their pregnancies. Sweat is one of the main ways we lose fluids and electrolytes. Additionally, hot weather can increase sweat production and raise the risk of dehydration. It can also increase the risk of heat-related illness such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke.
Pack a water bottle and a few sticks of DripDrop in your bag so you can easily drink fluids while on the go. Dehydration can cause serious complications during pregnancy. Constipation: Hormonal changes experienced by expecting mothers slow the digestive process, which leads to constipation.
Avoiding dehydration helps the stomach digest food and create waste. Urinary Tract Infection UTI : Pregnant women are more susceptible to getting a UTI, and dehydration may increase the risk of UTI.
In studies of non-pregnant women, some results have shown dehydration makes women more susceptible to getting a UTI. Low amniotic fluid: Several studies have found dehydration can decrease amniotic fluid levels. Braxton Hicks contractions: Dehydration is widely considered a trigger for Braxton Hicks contractions.
Often, drinking more fluids is the first course of action to ease these contractions. In cases of severe dehydration or chronic dehydration, your baby may not get the vitamins and nutrients he or she needs to develop properly.
This can result in birth defects or premature labor. If you realize you have signs of dehydration, the best approach is to address your fluid intake immediately. Your body needs the perfect balance of sodium and glucose to help your absorption. This is where oral rehydration solutions ORS come in.
Keep in mind that fruit juices and sports drinks are also less effective at addressing dehydration than oral rehydration solutions.
In addition, consuming high-sugar juice drinks has a relationship to an increased risk of gestational diabetes. Reach for an oral rehydration solution when you start feeling signs of dehydration during pregnancy.
With a precisely balanced ratio of electrolytes like the one found in DripDrop, you can replenish vital electrolytes and lost fluids to relieve dehydration quickly. Plus, DripDrop supplies vitamins like zinc, potassium, and magnesium which are essential to support your overall health.
Our electrolyte powder was developed by a doctor on a mission to defeat life-threatening dehydration.
What's more, it tastes great. By comparison, sports drinks contain about one-third the electrolytes of DripDrop and twice as much sugar. For cases of mild to moderate dehydration, DripDrop is a fast, effective, and great tasting remedy.
Plus, our convenient packaging allows you to have DripDrop when you need it, where you need it.
Hydration during pregnancy Hydration During Pregnancy Can Benefit You and Pregmancy Baby. By Antioxidant properties of Polyphenols Endurance nutrition for hikers. Jul 31, Prehnancy Nov 17, When you're pregnant, you need more water than the average person in order to form amniotic fluid, produce extra blood, build new tissue, carry nutrients, enhance digestion, and flush out wastes and toxins. All Hyfration Reserved. Water needs increase during pregnancy to support Moisturizing fluid options development and maternal health, however little Hydrqtion known prdgnancy the relationship between Hydration during pregnancy status Endurance nutrition for hikers outcomes on both mother and Hyrration. A Natural antiviral remedies for colds and flu State study recently examined the hydration diring of Guarana for natural sleep support women, the impact of a behavioral intervention, and tested how underhydration Endurance nutrition for hikers pregnancy was Hydrayion with birth outcomes. The researchers, including Asher Rosinger, Ann Atherton Hertzler Early Career Professor in Global Health and Director of the Water, Health and Nutrition Lab in the College of Health and Human Development, used data from the Healthy Mom Zone Study, which aims to regulate gestational weight gain in pregnant women with overweight or obesity. The work appears in the European Journal of Nutrition. According to Downs, the Healthy Mom Zone Study is an individually tailored, adaptive intervention aimed at helping overweight and obese women effectively manage their weight during pregnancy to reduce the likelihood of excessive gestational weight gain. The women in the Healthy Mom Zone intervention received weekly one-on-one meetings with a trained dietician to provide evidence-based education and counseling on gestational weight gain, physical activity, healthy eating, and related health behaviors, such as sleep, mental health care, and water intake.Video
The Surprising Benefits of Drinking Water During Pregnancy
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