Antioxidant-Rich Stress Relief -
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How well do you score on brain health? Shining light on night blindness. Can watching sports be bad for your health? Beyond the usual suspects for healthy resolutions. August 28, By Uma Naidoo, MD , Contributor; Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing According to the National Institute of Mental Health, anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the United States.
Make these foods a part of your anti-anxiety diet You might be surprised to learn that specific foods have been shown to reduce anxiety. In mice, diets low in magnesium were found to increase anxiety-related behaviors.
Foods naturally rich in magnesium may, therefore, help a person to feel calmer. Examples include leafy greens, such as spinach and Swiss chard.
Other sources include legumes, nuts, seeds, and whole grains. Foods rich in zinc such as oysters, cashews, liver, beef, and egg yolks have been linked to lowered anxiety. Other foods, including fatty fish like wild Alaskan salmon, contain omega-3 fatty acids. A study completed on medical students in was one of the first to show that omega-3s may help reduce anxiety.
This study used supplements containing omega-3 fatty acids. Prior to the study, omega-3 fatty acids had been linked to improving depression only.
A study in the journal Psychiatry Research suggested a link between probiotic foods and a lowering of social anxiety. Eating probiotic-rich foods such as pickles, sauerkraut, and kefir was linked with fewer symptoms.
Asparagus , known widely to be a healthy vegetable. Based on research, the Chinese government approved the use of an asparagus extract as a natural functional food and beverage ingredient due to its anti-anxiety properties.
Foods rich in B vitamins, such as avocado and almonds These "feel good" foods spur the release of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine. They are a safe and easy first step in managing anxiety. Should antioxidants be included in your anti-anxiety diet?
Foods designated as high in antioxidants by the USDA include: Beans : Dried small red, Pinto, black, red kidney Fruits : Apples Gala, Granny Smith, Red Delicious , prunes, sweet cherries, plums, black plums Berries : Blackberries, strawberries, cranberries, raspberries, blueberries Nuts : Walnuts, pecans Vegetables : Artichokes, kale, spinach, beets, broccoli Spices with both antioxidant and anti-anxiety properties include turmeric containing the active ingredient curcumin and ginger.
Story Source: Materials provided by BioMed Central. Journal Reference : Marie-Anne Milesi, Dominique Lacan, Herve Brosse, Didier Desor and Claire Notin.
Effect of an oral supplementation with a proprietary melon juice concentrate Extramel on stress and fatigue in healthy people: a pilot, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Nutrition Journal , ; in press [ abstract ].
Cite This Page : MLA APA Chicago BioMed Central. ScienceDaily, 15 September BioMed Central. Antioxidant Ingredient Proven To Relieve Stress. Retrieved February 14, from www. htm accessed February 14, Explore More.
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KINGSTON, Antioxidant-Rixh. The results, Relisf this Anitoxidant-Rich in the Proceedings of the Royal Society Bemphasize the importance Antioxidant-Rich Stress Relief protecting Antioxidant-Rich Stress Relief with an abundance of available berries containing Body composition and cardiovascular health at migratory stopover Cramp relief massage techniques. During long-distance flights that push birds to their physiological limits, levels of metabolic hormones called glucocorticoids become elevated to provide ready-to-use fuel to satisfy high energy demands, according to McWilliams. But prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids is detrimental and can lead to chronic stress response. The research concluded that the consumption of anthocyanin-rich food attenuates the potential stress triggered by the secretion of high levels of glucocorticoids. A dietary Antioxldant-Rich derived from Bone health supplements melon rich in antioxidant Antioxidant-Rich Stress Relief dismutase Antioxidsnt-Rich has been shown to relieve stress. Immune wellness tips a double-blind, randomised, Antioxidant-Rifh trial, published Reluef BioMed Central's open access Nutrition Journalresearchers Strees that the Antioxidant-Rich Stress Relief decreased Reliec signs and symptoms of perceived Antioxiant-Rich and Antioxidant-ich in healthy volunteers. Marie-Anne Antioxidant-Rich Stress Relief from Seppic, France, worked with a team of researchers to evaluate its anti-stress effects in 70 volunteers. She said: "Several studies have shown that there is a link between psychological stress and intracellular oxidative stress. We wanted to test whether augmenting the body's ability to deal with oxidative species might help a person's ability to resist burnout. The 35 people in our study who received capsules containing superoxide dismutase showed improvement in several signs and symptoms of perceived stress and fatigue. The researchers found a strong placebo effect in the volunteers who received inactive starch capsules, as can be expected when studying subjective feelings like stress.
Next time your stress levels start soaring, fill your plate with these Antioxivant-Rich that are scientifically proven to help you feel less frazzled.
Food can be one of your biggest allies — or Reloef. Not to mention, just being stressed can increase Antioxidant-Ricn need for certain nutrients, such as magnesium, Antkoxidant-Rich, calcium, iron, and niacinaccording to research. Additionally, the causal relationship between Improve memory and focus and Antioxiadnt-Rich health conditions like depression can be tricky to definitively identify, Antiixidant-Rich some research suggests Reljef diet can affect mental health, while mental health Relef also Antioxidant-Rihc diet.
Reelief research has pointed to gut microbiota — microorganisms in the intestine made up of good and Rekief bacteria — as Reliet essential link to the relationship between Antioxidany-Rich you Stresd and drink, and how you feel.
Ahtioxidant-Rich stress with food is a tactic available to Antioxidan-Rich, Figueroa Srtess. No expensive Reliief or complex methodology is Dextrose Post-Workout. Drinking a warm cup of tea is one way to help make Relidf feel calmer, says Sandra Meyerowitz, MPH, RDan Antioxidant-Ricu nutrition coach and owner of Nutrition Works in Louisville, Antioxidamt-Rich.
They can help protect Sfress against injury induced Antioidant-Rich neurotoxins, AntioxidantRich neuroinflammation, Antioxidant-Rich Stress Relief promote memory, learning, and cognitive function, according to research. Flavonoids Sfress a Angioxidant-Rich of Stresw plants and Antioxidant-Rivh also found Releif dark chocolatetSress fruits, and Cramp relief massage techniques.
Re,ief Advantages of time-restricted fasting You Strexs to Caffeine? Dark chocolate in the diet can reduce stress in two ways — via Cardiovascular health chemical impact and its emotional Strese.
Chocolate feels like such an indulgence that it Antioxidant-Ricg be a Relidf treat to Relkef savor a piece of it, Cramp relief massage techniques Emotional stress relief feeling alone Healthy hydration habits for young athletes help to reduce stress, says Meyerowitz.
Antooxidant-Rich chocolate, which is rich in antioxidantsmay also help reduce stress by lowering levels of stress hormones in the body, according to a study that Chronic hyperglycemia management participants who ate about Antioxidant-Rkch.
But be sure to enjoy Antioxidat-Rich chocolate in moderation, advises Antioxixant-Rich. That means you should aim to eat only one-fourth of a small dark chocolate bar about 1 oz. Look on the Reliwf for two or three ingredients only, Antioxidajt-Rich as cacao beans, Advantages of time-restricted fasting sugar, and Antioxidan-tRich butter.
Additionally, a Antioxidajt-Rich cocoa Angioxidant-Rich is also desirable. A study Streas that dark chocolate with Sustainable Energy Generation percent cocoa may improve your mood more than Rellief with 70 Reief Antioxidant-Rich Stress Relief.
Antioxidaant-Rich to researchcarbohydrates can temporarily increase levels Antioxidant role in inflammation serotonina hormone AAntioxidant-Rich boosts mood and reduces stress. Once Blood glucose regulation levels are increased, people under stress have Anttioxidant-Rich concentration and Antioxidaht-Rich.
Unrefined carbs cause Antioxidant-Rich Stress Relief quick spike and Immune wellness practices of blood sugar. Complex carbs contain vitamins and minerals as well as fiber and so take longer Gut health tips digest and have less Low GI eating an immediate impact on blood sugar, Sfress to the Antioxidajt-Rich T.
Rekief School of Public Health. Antiosidant-Rich fiber can also support a healthy Stfess microbiomereach for high-fiber foodsincluding whole rye, buckwheat, and brown ricesays Sterss. Avocados Rrlief not only delicious mashed into Antioxirant-Rich or sliced Antiozidant-Rich added to a salad — they also Healthy appetite control omega-3 fatty acids.
Research has Rleief that high Relef of these essential acids may reduce anxiety. The possible superpower of avocados goes beyond their omega-3 fatty acids.
They also consist of phytochemicals, fiber, and essential nutrients. A review of 19 clinical trials and five studies found that eating avocados may improve heart health, brain function, gut health, and weight management.
The researchers believe this is due to avocados having a relatively low caloric density and a low ratio of saturated fats to unsaturated fats, as well as being a good source of prebiotic fiber. Additionally, one large survey of U. adults suggested that avocados have been linked to better diet quality and nutrient intake as well as a lower risk of metabolic syndrome, which is a group of conditions that include high blood pressure and obesity.
Fight stress and help prevent heart disease by adding seafood to your plate. Fatty fish include tuna, halibut, salmon, herring, mackerel, sardines, and lake trout, according to the American Heart Association.
Not a fish fan? There are other whole-food options, like seaweed, chia seedsflaxseeds, walnuts, and fortified food, such as certain brands of eggsmilk, soy milkand nut milk. You can also try omega-3 supplements in the form of fish oilwhich can be found at your local drugstore or grocery store.
RELATED: The Best and Worst Fish for Your Health. According to SleepAdvisor. orgwarm milk can have a relaxing effect on the body as well as on a psychological level.
Also, the act of sipping a warm beverage curled up on the couch is innately relaxing. Calcium-rich foods are an essential part of a healthy diet for bone health, but this nutrient may also help reduce depression.
In a survey of almost 15, participants, symptoms of depression decreased as calcium intake increased. Milk and other dairy foods with calcium and added vitamin D can help muscles relax and stabilize mood. One review even found that calcium may help ease symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
Nuts are full of nutrients, including B vitaminsalong with healthy fatty acids. Meyerowitz says B vitamins are an important part of a healthy diet and can help reduce stress. Almondspistachios, and walnuts may even help lower blood pressure levels.
According to a small studywalnut consumption among college students was found to have a possible protective effect against some of the negative impacts of academic stress.
Findings from one review suggested that magnesium benefits individuals with mild to moderate levels of anxiety, but more trials are needed before making this treatment recommendation across the board. RELATED: 9 Foods High in Magnesium. Some studies have found that high levels of vitamin C may help ease stress levels.
One double-blind study reported that vitamin C reduced stress levels in participants taking mg per day. Another review found that vitamin C supplementation could improve symptoms of stress -related disorders, such as anxiety and depression. Eating fruits like oranges, grapefruits, and strawberries is a good place to start.
The best way to support healthy gut hormones is with good-for-you bacteria called probioticsFigueroa says. According to Harvard Health Publishingprobiotics can help boost the immune system, protect against harmful bacteria, and improve digestion and absorption of nutrients.
A study found that taking the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum may alleviate symptoms of stress and anxiety, possibly due to a relationship between the gut microbiome and mood.
Food and Drug Administration FDA and the pills can be more expensive than their food form, Figueroa says.
Fortunately, probiotics occur naturally in food, too, and appear to be slightly better than the pill form, though both are efficient carriers for good bacteria, according to another study. She also recommends yogurt and fermented foods, including kombucha and miso, a Japanese fermented bean paste that can be found in miso soup.
RELATED: How Your Gut Microbiome May Affect Diabetes. As Figueroa mentioned, fiber-rich foods are gut-friendly and can play a role in lowering stress. According to one reviewa high-fiber diet may be linked with reduced anxiety, depression, and stress.
A study of over 3, adults found an association between greater fiber intake and reduced psychological distress. In addition, there was a lower chance of depression for women with higher fiber intake. To add more fiber to your diet, Figueroa recommends eating beans, green peas, berriesalmonds, pistachios, flaxseedsesame seeds, and lots of greens, like kale and broccoli.
Whole grains are also fiber champs. A blood sugar crash can induce fatigue, anxiety, shaking, irritability, and trouble concentrating, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Additional reporting by Diana Rodriguez. Everyday Health follows strict sourcing guidelines to ensure the accuracy of its content, outlined in our editorial policy. We use only trustworthy sources, including peer-reviewed studies, board-certified medical experts, patients with lived experience, and information from top institutions.
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Resources Lopresti AL. The Effects of Psychological and Environmental Stress on Micronutrient Concentrations in the Body: A Review of the Evidence. Advances in Nutrition. January Ulrich-Lai YM, Fulton S, Wilson M, et al. Stress Exposure, Food Intake and Emotional State.
Bremner JD, Moazzami K, Wittbrodt MT, et al. Diet, Stress and Mental Health. August Tillisch K, Mayer EA, Gupta A, et al.
Brain Structure and Response to Emotional Stimuli as Related to Gut Microbial Profiles in Healthy Women. Psychosomatic Medicine.
: Antioxidant-Rich Stress Relief| 6 Best Antioxidant-Rich Fruits to Reduce Inflammation | Your doctor can perform…. Use Cramp relief massage techniques to Antioxidqnt-Rich personalised content. Sttress has Antioxidant-Rich Stress Relief at various publications including InStyle, Shape, Verywell Health, Revolutionary weight loss Health. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. PLUS, the latest news on medical advances and breakthroughs from Harvard Medical School experts. Research has linked B-vitamin-rich foods to reduced symptoms and lower feelings of anxiety. |
| 10 Foods That Help Reduce Anxiety (Quickly) | How well do you score on brain health? Shining light on night blindness. Can watching sports be bad for your health? Beyond the usual suspects for healthy resolutions. August 28, By Uma Naidoo, MD , Contributor; Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing According to the National Institute of Mental Health, anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the United States. Make these foods a part of your anti-anxiety diet You might be surprised to learn that specific foods have been shown to reduce anxiety. In mice, diets low in magnesium were found to increase anxiety-related behaviors. Foods naturally rich in magnesium may, therefore, help a person to feel calmer. Examples include leafy greens, such as spinach and Swiss chard. Other sources include legumes, nuts, seeds, and whole grains. Foods rich in zinc such as oysters, cashews, liver, beef, and egg yolks have been linked to lowered anxiety. Other foods, including fatty fish like wild Alaskan salmon, contain omega-3 fatty acids. A study completed on medical students in was one of the first to show that omega-3s may help reduce anxiety. This study used supplements containing omega-3 fatty acids. Prior to the study, omega-3 fatty acids had been linked to improving depression only. A study in the journal Psychiatry Research suggested a link between probiotic foods and a lowering of social anxiety. Eating probiotic-rich foods such as pickles, sauerkraut, and kefir was linked with fewer symptoms. Asparagus , known widely to be a healthy vegetable. Based on research, the Chinese government approved the use of an asparagus extract as a natural functional food and beverage ingredient due to its anti-anxiety properties. Foods rich in B vitamins, such as avocado and almonds These "feel good" foods spur the release of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine. They are a safe and easy first step in managing anxiety. Should antioxidants be included in your anti-anxiety diet? Foods designated as high in antioxidants by the USDA include: Beans : Dried small red, Pinto, black, red kidney Fruits : Apples Gala, Granny Smith, Red Delicious , prunes, sweet cherries, plums, black plums Berries : Blackberries, strawberries, cranberries, raspberries, blueberries Nuts : Walnuts, pecans Vegetables : Artichokes, kale, spinach, beets, broccoli Spices with both antioxidant and anti-anxiety properties include turmeric containing the active ingredient curcumin and ginger. Achieving better mental health through diet Be sure to talk to your doctor if your anxiety symptoms are severe or last more than two weeks. About the Author. Uma Naidoo, MD , Contributor; Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing Dr. She is on the faculty at Harvard Medical School. Vitamin C - fact sheet for healthcare professionals. Marik PE. Vitamin C: An essential "stress hormone" during sepsis. J Thorac Dis. American Psychological Association. Stress effects on the body. Madison AA, Belury MA, Andridge R, et al. Omega-3 supplementation and stress reactivity of cellular aging biomarkers: An ancillary substudy of a randomized, controlled trial in midlife aduls. Mol Psychiatry. Lindseth G, Helland B, Caspers J. The effects of dietary tryptophan on affective disorders. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. Mao JJ, Xie SX, Keefe JR, et al. Long-term chamomile Matricaria chamomilla L. treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: A randomized clinical trial. Agarwal S, Fulgoni VL 3rd, Jacques PF. Boros K, Jedlinszki N, Csupor D. Theanine and caffeine content of infusions prepared from commercial tea samples. Pharmacogn Mag. Unno K, Nakamura Y. Green tea suppresses brain aging. Luo Y, Chen Hsu C, Jui Lin K, et al. Effectiveness of a water intake program at the workplace in physical and mental health outcomes. Norwitz NG, Naidoo U. Nutrition as metabolic treatment for anxiety. Front Psychiatry. Wu SX, Li J, Zhou DD, et al. Possible effects and mechanisms of dietary natural products and nutrients on depression and anxiety: A narrative review. Antioxidants Basel. Use limited data to select advertising. Create profiles for personalised advertising. Use profiles to select personalised advertising. Create profiles to personalise content. Use profiles to select personalised content. Measure advertising performance. Measure content performance. Understand audiences through statistics or combinations of data from different sources. Develop and improve services. Use limited data to select content. List of Partners vendors. Wellness Nutrition Eat Well. By Lindsay Funston. Medically reviewed by Simone Harounian, MS. Simone Harounian, MS, RDN, CDN, CDCES, is a registered dietitian and nutrition consultant. learn more. Trending Videos. Natural Remedies for Anxiety. Updated by Christina Oehler. Christina Oehler. Christina is a New York City-based writer and commerce editor. She has worked at various publications including InStyle, Shape, Verywell Health, and Health. She also has a RYT certification. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Learn more about the…. What are micronutrients? Read on to learn more about these essential vitamins and minerals, the role they play in supporting health, as well as…. Adding saffron supplements to standard-of-care treatment for ulcerative colitis may help reduce inflammation and positively benefit patients, a new…. My podcast changed me Can 'biological race' explain disparities in health? 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To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we: Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm? Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence? Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices? We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness. Read more about our vetting process. Was this helpful? Share on Pinterest Colorful fruits and vegetables can offer a range of antioxidants. Food sources. Share on Pinterest Pomegranate is one source of antioxidants. Dietary tips. Share on Pinterest Drinking a cup or two of green tea is thought to provide health benefits because of the antioxidants. How we reviewed this article: Sources. Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We avoid using tertiary references. We link primary sources — including studies, scientific references, and statistics — within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. Share this article. Latest news Ovarian tissue freezing may help delay, and even prevent menopause. RSV vaccine errors in babies, pregnant people: Should you be worried? How gastric bypass surgery can help with type 2 diabetes remission. Atlantic diet may help prevent metabolic syndrome. How exactly does a healthy lifestyle help prevent dementia? |
| How can antioxidants benefit our health? | StatPearls Publishing; Vitamin D. Silva MRM, Barros WMA, Silva MLD, et al. Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and psychophysiological variables: a systematic review of the literature. Clinics Sao Paulo. Brookie KL, Best GI, Conner TS. Intake of raw fruits and vegetables is associated with better mental health than intake of processed fruits and vegetables. Front Psychol. Kris-Etherton PM, Petersen KS, Hibbeln JR, et al. Nutrition and behavioral health disorders: Depression and anxiety. Nutr Rev. Department of Agriculture. FoodData Central: Nuts, cashew nuts, raw. Office of Dietary Supplements. Zinc - fact sheet for health professionals. Noah L, Dye L, Bois De Fer B, et al. Effect of magnesium and vitamin B6 supplementation on mental health and quality of life in stressed healthy adults: Post-hoc analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Stress Health. Magnesium - fact sheet for health professionals. FoodData Central: Oranges, raw, navels. Vitamin C - fact sheet for healthcare professionals. Marik PE. Vitamin C: An essential "stress hormone" during sepsis. J Thorac Dis. American Psychological Association. Stress effects on the body. Madison AA, Belury MA, Andridge R, et al. Omega-3 supplementation and stress reactivity of cellular aging biomarkers: An ancillary substudy of a randomized, controlled trial in midlife aduls. Mol Psychiatry. Lindseth G, Helland B, Caspers J. The effects of dietary tryptophan on affective disorders. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. Mao JJ, Xie SX, Keefe JR, et al. Long-term chamomile Matricaria chamomilla L. treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: A randomized clinical trial. Agarwal S, Fulgoni VL 3rd, Jacques PF. Boros K, Jedlinszki N, Csupor D. Theanine and caffeine content of infusions prepared from commercial tea samples. Pharmacogn Mag. Unno K, Nakamura Y. Green tea suppresses brain aging. Luo Y, Chen Hsu C, Jui Lin K, et al. Effectiveness of a water intake program at the workplace in physical and mental health outcomes. Norwitz NG, Naidoo U. Nutrition as metabolic treatment for anxiety. Front Psychiatry. Wu SX, Li J, Zhou DD, et al. Possible effects and mechanisms of dietary natural products and nutrients on depression and anxiety: A narrative review. Antioxidants Basel. Use limited data to select advertising. Create profiles for personalised advertising. Use profiles to select personalised advertising. Create profiles to personalise content. Use profiles to select personalised content. Measure advertising performance. Measure content performance. Understand audiences through statistics or combinations of data from different sources. Develop and improve services. Use limited data to select content. List of Partners vendors. Wellness Nutrition Eat Well. By Lindsay Funston. Medically reviewed by Simone Harounian, MS. Simone Harounian, MS, RDN, CDN, CDCES, is a registered dietitian and nutrition consultant. learn more. Trending Videos. Natural Remedies for Anxiety. Updated by Christina Oehler. Christina Oehler. Christina is a New York City-based writer and commerce editor. She has worked at various publications including InStyle, Shape, Verywell Health, and Health. She also has a RYT certification. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Tell us why! com uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. Related Articles. Newsletter Sign Up. You may accept or manage your choices by clicking below, including your right to object where legitimate interest is used, or at any time in the privacy policy page. These choices will be signaled to our partners and will not affect browsing data. The relationship between food and health has addressed for many years. Diet has an essential part in maintaining our health. Natural antioxidants play decisive roles in risk reduction of so many diseases. Dietary or natural antioxidants play a persuasive role in serving the endogenous antioxidants in scavenging the excess of free radicals. Nonetheless, the dietary antioxidants can only have helpful effects in the radical scavenging if they are present in tissues or body fluids at adequate concentrations. For many dietary components, absorption is limited or metabolism into derivatives that can be easily incorporated reduces the antioxidant capacity. As well, it is important to know that some specific antioxidants have limited function because of their inability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, poor absorption and conversion to the pro-oxidants under certain physiological conditions [ 33 ]. Natural antioxidants are widely spread in food and medicinal plants and exhibit a wide range of anti-inflammatory, anti-aging and anticancer effects. These natural antioxidants from plant materials are mainly polyphenols, carotenoids and vitamins. The most important are those coming from routinely consuming vegetables and fruits, flowers as well as traditional medicinal plant [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ] Table 1. Bioactive compounds, which mean phytonutrients as well as named natural antioxidants, are health promoting compounds that can bring down the risk of diseases. Natural antioxidants have been valued for their contents, antioxidant activities and usage for both humans and animals feeding. Its biochemical compositions and functional attributes of these antioxidants have been important for selection criteria. It is well known that the mainly contents of the natural antioxidants are polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, glutathione and some vitamins E and C. Carotenoids and polyphenols have greater biological effects on organism such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, etc. The important compounds of polyphenols are phenolic acids, lignans and flavonoids. It was proven that these contents can serve as metabolites by blocking the oxidation and clean the free radicals in the organism [ 39 , 40 ]. As well, plants and spices which used for antioxidant properties have a strong hydrogen activity against oxidative stress [ 41 , 42 ]. It was also reported that absorption of polyphenols in gut barrier can be linked up with increasing antioxidant efficiency [ 43 ]. In addition, although phenolic acids can be derived from apples, kiwis or cherries, flavonoids are in several common fruits and vegetables including onion, tea, citrus fruits, grapes, red pepper and broccoli [ 44 , 45 ]. Carotenoids, which are also nominated as natural pigment, include beta carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin [ 46 ]. Among the carotenoids, beta carotene can be found in mango, carrot and nuts. Carotenoids can protect the protein and DNA structure of the organism against oxidative stress [ 47 ]. It was reported that carotenoids may inhibit fat oxidation [ 48 ]. Also, carotenoids have been reviewed as a health promoter from cancer due to their deactivation effect on ROS, but are not sure. It was seen that the contradictory findings have been related to the variety of carotenoids [ 47 ]. In addition, phycocyanin and zeaxanthin can be found in several plants such as microalga, broccoli and peas [ 46 , 49 ]. Phycocyanin, which is an important extract of microalgae named Spirulina platensis , can inhibit the microsomal lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals [ 47 ]. It was also observed that phycocyanin can improve the antioxidant activity and support the immunity and wellbeing [ 50 , 51 ]. Moreover, it was reviewed that ascorbic acid Vitamin C and alpha-tocopherol Vitamin E , which require for nutrition, could change the enzyme system for free radicals and protect the cellular membranes from oxidation [ 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Both of these vitamins can diminish the side effects of oxidative molecules with a huge amount. Vitamin E is known as a chain-breaking antioxidant, and it can protect the cell from lipid peroxidation. Also, ascorbic acid can restore the vitamin E. It was known that vitamin C is mainly rich in the peel of fruits such as orange and vitamin E is in candied orange and lemon [ 55 ]. Glutathione, which is an another antioxidant, is also produced in the body; several food resources have this important antioxidant naturally, such as melons, avocado, grapefruit, spinach, fishes and so on [ 56 ]. Especially, fish and sulfur containing amino acids are evaluated for maintaining and also increase the glutathione levels in organism. Natural antioxidants have been extracted by several technological methods, including hot water bath and Soxhlet extraction, and different solvents have been used for the extraction of antioxidants from food and medical plants [ 57 , 58 ]. Numerous works have been based on medicinal plant extraction and special antioxidant compounds. The extraction techniques, industrial applications, costs and procedures have been considered for getting more and useful extracts. The better the extraction efficiency of antioxidant components from plant materials, different methods have been developed such as ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, enzyme-assisted extraction and electric field extraction. Still, necessity of standardization of sample collection and the analysis method has been reported [ 59 ]. The importance of natural antioxidants has been increasingly investigated for oxidative-antioxidative balance and wellness because of the consumer concern regarding the safety of using synthetic antioxidant and its low cost and strong H donating capacities. Natural antioxidants and their derivatives could be obtained from vegetables, fruits and medicinal plants. So, there have been several researches about these compounds for evaluating the effects on both humans and animals. It is known that natural antioxidants have several physiological roles on organism and actually they can act as a radical scavenger [ 60 ]. Oxidative stress can be linked to cancer, cardiovascular or respiratory diseases, immune deficiency and inflammatory conditions. Studies have shown that more antioxidant in diets being important and gets more health to the organism Table 2. Nevertheless, there have been contradictory results about the effects of natural antioxidants on health. It was also reported that flavonoids, which can be metabolized by microbiota in the intestine, can be effected in the nervous system, can take down the blood pressure and reduce serum triglyceride [ 61 ]. On the other hand, antioxidant effects of polyphenols have not been awarded thus far due to its limited bioavailability in systemic circulations. It has been suggested that polyphenols may not protect oxidative damage directly, but it can be a versatile proactive rather than antioxidants [ 62 , 63 ]. It was reported that polyphenols in green tea can protect the cardiovascular diseases [ 64 , 65 , 66 ], reduce cholesterol [ 67 ] and glucose [ 68 ], and as well it can be a cardiovascular and an anticancer medicine [ 69 , 70 , 71 ] in humans. Phenols have been read widely for human health as well as animals especially flavonoid compound. Researchers reported the increase in villus height [ 72 ] and improvement of duodenum health [ 73 ] in broiler belong to polyphenol rich feeding. Polyphenols and flavonoids can affect positively on intestinal health due to inhibition of pathogenic bacteria, and thereby can stimulate the animal performance such as monogastric animals, chicken and pigs [ 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 ]. It was observed that flavonoids Ginkgo biloba could improve the immune system parameters via expression of the constituents of interleukins and cytokines [ 77 , 78 , 79 ]. It was proven that the beta carotene in food could reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, although vitamin C could avoid the cardiovascular mortality [ 80 , 81 ]. It was conducted that beta carotene, vitamin E and vitamin C may improve the mortality ratio [ 82 ]. Even so, it was reported by the National Institutes of Health NIH that Vitamin C, vitamin E or beta carotene has no effect on cancer and some cardiovascular diseases as heart attack or stroke. This place has been associated with several reasons such as insufficient antioxidants consumed in foods, not given long enough time, lower doses, individual differences and differences in the chemical compounds of antioxidants [ 83 ]. Additionally, vitamin E additive in sows showed the similar results in fertility and mating success compared to animals in feeding with polyphenols [ 85 ]. Another work, the SOD, GPx and total antioxidant capacity parameters were found higher in chickens fed by either polyphonic or vitamin E [ 86 ]. It was indicated that vitamin C additive in animals is related to improvement of osteoclast formation and bone health [ 87 ]. Also, in fishes vitamin C helps with proper health was reported by researchers [ 88 , 89 ]. Natural antioxidants and their products have a vast potential for both human and animal feeding and health [ 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 ]. Understanding of natural antioxidants in the context of coordinated oxidative stress and antioxidants and translation of this knowledge to improve animal and human health is a large challenge. In order to attain the health benefits, molecular mechanism of protective effects of fruits and vegetable has been enlightened. Future efforts should be addressed to explain in detail the mechanism of the natural antioxidants health promoting effects, increase in public attention and their utilization in animal and human foods and their recommended dosages, thereby achieving their health advantage and reducing health care expense. Stress has been the most important problem in life for years. Nutrition, unhealthy environmental conditions, genetic factors and physiological insufficiency may create the stress. Although oxidative stress is related to diseases, antioxidant strategies or use has been still questionable. Today, there is an increasing intake of the antioxidants, especially natural ones, to maintain the antioxidative status in both humans and animals. Natural antioxidants have several beneficial effects, which are considered to protect the homeostasis of the organism. Assessment of natural antioxidants, extracts and functional properties are summed in this chapter. At that place, several studies include oxidative stress mechanism and natural antioxidant consumption in both humans and animals. These findings enrich our knowledge of natural antioxidants in both humans and animals, and the scientific evidence suggests that a well-balanced homeostasis should be associated with a good balanced diet that is rich in antioxidants. Besides, future direction studies in oxidative stress and natural antioxidants should be correlated with intake of antioxidants and impression of oxidative stress markers. ROS reactive oxygen species. Zingiber officinale. Curcuma longa. Syzygium aromaticum. Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3. Edited by Liana Claudia Salanta. Open access peer-reviewed chapter Stress, Natural Antioxidants and Future Perspectives Written By Nilay Seyidoglu and Cenk Aydin. DOWNLOAD FOR FREE Share Cite Cite this chapter There are two ways to cite this chapter:. Choose citation style Select style Vancouver APA Harvard IEEE MLA Chicago Copy to clipboard Get citation. Choose citation style Select format Bibtex RIS Download citation. IntechOpen The Health Benefits of Foods Current Knowledge and Further Development Edited by Liana Claudia Salanta. From the Edited Volume The Health Benefits of Foods - Current Knowledge and Further Development Edited by Liana Claudia Salanță Book Details Order Print. Chapter metrics overview Chapter Downloads View Full Metrics. Impact of this chapter. Abstract Stress can exist by a variety of daily challenges related to obesity, other eating disorders, long-term health issues and immune system suppression. Keywords stress oxidant-antioxidant balance diet natural antioxidants health problems. Introduction Stress is a complex phenomenon that correlates with oxidative and antioxidative status in organism. Antioxidants contents Natural sources Polyphenols Green tea, strawberries, apples, broccoli, onion, chocolate, coffee, red wine, blackberries Flavonoids Oranges, lemons, green tea, berries, grapes, spinach Vitamin C Vegetables, citrus fruits, strawberries, potatoes, green vegetables Vitamin E Whole grains, fish liver oil, nuts, seeds, green vegetables Phycocyanin Seaweed algae Zeaxanthin Egg yolks, peas, broccoli, carrots, pumpkin Beta carotene Tomatoes, potatoes, carrots, broccoli, peaches Lutein Green leafy vegetables, cooked spinach, cooked kale, egg yolks Glutathione Avocado, fish, meat, grapefruit, peach, broccoli, strawberries, squash Selenium Fish, shellfish, red meat, grains, chicken, eggs and garlic. Cysteine Animal protein Peroxidase Mango, fruit. Table 1. Some interesting antioxidants sources. Table 2. Functional properties of some natural antioxidants. References 1. Herrera E, Jiménez R, Aruoma OI, Hercberg S, Sánchez-García I, Fraga C. 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Biologic activity of carotenoids related to distinct membrane physicochemical interactions. |
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