Sodium intake guidelines -
National nutrition and noncommunicable disease prevention and control policies help to catalyze and integrate regulatory, legislative, and multisectoral actions across health and other health-relevant sectors.
The development, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of sodium reduction policies should be government-led and safeguarded against possible conflicts of interest.
Sodium is an essential nutrient involved in the maintenance of normal cellular homeostasis and the regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance. It is crucial for maintaining extracellular fluid volume because of its osmotic action, and it is equally vital for muscle and nerve cell function, and for the transport of nutrients through plasma membranes.
Hence, most populations are consuming much more sodium than is physiologically necessary. Mean salt intake in adults aged 25 years and older in the Americas, ENLACE Data Portal.
Pan American Health Organization, Home ENLACE: Data Portal on Noncommunicable Diseases, Mental Health, and External Causes Salt intake. The sodium content of packaged, processed, and prepared foods can usually be determined by reading food labels figure 1 or consulting a reference book.
Many websites and mobile applications "apps" also provide nutrient data eg, www. gov , and low-sodium cookbooks are available. It is important to remember that the amount of sodium listed is for a particular serving size; eating more or less than the listed serving size changes the amount of sodium consumed.
In addition, many people add more salt to foods; just one teaspoon of table salt contains approximately milligrams of sodium, which is more than many people need for the entire day. Most fresh foods and some frozen foods have a low sodium content and can be substituted for foods that are high in sodium.
Reading labels, when provided, can be extremely helpful. HOW DO I CUT DOWN ON SODIUM? Although it is difficult initially to cut back on the amount of sodium in the diet, most people find that their taste adjusts quickly to reduced sodium.
Salt is an acquired taste, and taste can be retrained in 10 to 14 days if people stick with the lower-sodium diet. Fresh herbs, spice blends without sodium, citrus, and flavored vinegar make tasty alternatives to the saltshaker.
It may be helpful to keep a detailed food record and add up sodium intake. Within a short period of time less than a week , the main sources of sodium can be identified, and daily intake can be calculated. Many online food tracking apps can help you achieve this goal. Experiment with adding flavor with herbs, spices, garlic, onions, or lemon instead.
Many grocery stores now supply this information. Teach family members to taste food before adding salt. If this is not possible, choose restaurants that offer fruits or vegetables without sauces or dressings.
Ask that no salt be used to prepare food, when possible. Herb and spice combinations that are salt-free are widely available and can be used to flavor foods. Do not drink softened water. When purchasing bottled water, check the label to ensure that it does not contain sodium.
Avoid products that contain sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate. Sodium bicarbonate is another name for baking soda. In addition, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables provides additional benefits in lowering blood pressure.
The DASH diet Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension is a well-known intervention to treat high blood pressure. The DASH diet requires the person to eat four to five servings of fruit, four to five servings of vegetables, and two to three servings of low-fat dairy, and all foods must contain less than 25 percent total fat per serving.
Foods to choose — The following are examples of foods that may be lower in sodium. It is essential, however, to check the labels to determine the actual amount of sodium present figure 1 , as amounts can vary widely from one brand to another.
Foods to avoid — Many foods, especially those that are processed, have a high sodium content. Items that can be substituted for high-sodium foods are listed in the following table table 2. Your healthcare provider is the best source of information for questions and concerns related to your medical problem.
This article will be updated as needed on our web site www. Related topics for patients, as well as selected articles written for healthcare professionals, are also available.
Some of the most relevant are listed below. Patient level information — UpToDate offers two types of patient education materials.
The Basics — The Basics patient education pieces answer the four or five key questions a patient might have about a given condition.
These articles are best for patients who want a general overview and who prefer short, easy-to-read materials. Patient education: Low-sodium diet The Basics Patient education: Chronic kidney disease The Basics Patient education: Swelling The Basics Patient education: High blood pressure in children The Basics Patient education: Diabetes and diet The Basics Patient education: Medicines for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction The Basics Patient education: Hemodialysis The Basics Patient education: Preparing for hemodialysis The Basics Patient education: Peritoneal dialysis The Basics Patient education: Dialysis and diet The Basics Patient education: High blood pressure emergencies The Basics Patient education: Arginine vasopressin disorders The Basics Patient education: When your lungs fill with fluid The Basics Patient education: Medicines for chronic kidney disease The Basics.
Beyond the Basics — Beyond the Basics patient education pieces are longer, more sophisticated, and more detailed. These articles are best for patients who want in-depth information and are comfortable with some medical jargon.
Patient education: Chronic kidney disease Beyond the Basics Patient education: Heart failure Beyond the Basics Patient education: Kidney stones in adults Beyond the Basics Patient education: Osteoporosis prevention and treatment Beyond the Basics.
Professional level information — Professional level articles are designed to keep doctors and other health professionals up-to-date on the latest medical findings. These articles are thorough, long, and complex, and they contain multiple references to the research on which they are based.
Professional level articles are best for people who are comfortable with a lot of medical terminology and who want to read the same materials their doctors are reading. Diet in the treatment and prevention of hypertension Salt intake and hypertension. htm , available in Spanish.
The editorial staff at UpToDate would like to acknowledge Norman M Kaplan, MD, who contributed to an earlier version of this topic review.
Why UpToDate? Product Editorial Subscription Options Subscribe Sign in. Learn how UpToDate can help you. Select the option that best describes you. View Topic. Font Size Small Normal Large. Patient education: Low-sodium diet Beyond the Basics.
Iintake Liver detox diets with a lot Fat oxidation studies sodium can intqke to gujdelines blood pressure Liver detox diets other health conditions. Your Sodium intake guidelines guidepines of sodium per day should be no more than 1, milligrams mg. Table salt is a compound found in nature, while sodium is one of the chemical elements in salt. Many foods have hidden sodium, and the amount of sodium in packaged foods can be quite high. Choosing low-sodium or low-salt products and not adding salt in cooking can help you limit your sodium intake.Sodium intake guidelines -
Diets higher in sodium are associated with an increased risk of developing high blood pressure , which is a major cause of stroke and heart disease. The food supply contains too much sodium and Americans who want to consume less sodium can have a difficult time doing so.
That is why the U. Food and Drug Administration is working with the food industry to make reasonable reductions in sodium across a wide variety of foods. Even though sodium may already be in many packaged foods when you purchase them, you can lower your daily sodium intake by using the Nutrition Facts label.
But remember, the sodium content can vary significantly between similar types of foods. Table salt also known by its chemical name, sodium chloride is a crystal-like compound that is abundant in nature.
Sodium is a mineral, and one of the chemical elements found in salt. As a food ingredient, sodium has multiple uses, such as for curing meat, baking, thickening, retaining moisture, enhancing flavor including the flavor of other ingredients , and as a preservative. Also, some foods that you may eat several times a day such as breads can add up to a lot of sodium over the course of a day, even though an individual serving may not be high in sodium.
You can also check for nutrient claims on food and beverage packages to quickly identify those that may contain less sodium. Sodium attracts water, and a high-sodium diet draws water into the bloodstream, which can increase the volume of blood and subsequently your blood pressure.
High blood pressure also known as hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure remains elevated over time. Hypertension makes the heart work too hard, and the high force of the blood flow can harm arteries and organs such as the heart, kidneys, brain, and eyes.
Uncontrolled high blood pressure can raise the risk of heart attack, heart failure, stroke, kidney disease, and blindness. See "Patient education: Kidney stones in adults Beyond the Basics " and "Patient education: Osteoporosis prevention and treatment Beyond the Basics ".
WHERE IS SODIUM FOUND? The main sources of sodium in the diet are processed foods, restaurant prepared foods, and salt added to food at the table. Processed foods include prepared frozen meals and ice cream, canned foods, soups, pickled foods, snack foods, lunch meats, cheese, condiments, sauces, dressings, breads, and cereals, just to name a few.
Sodium found in processed food accounts for approximately 80 percent of a person's daily sodium intake in a typical Western diet and can quickly add up, even without adding more salt to meals. Terms like "low sodium" and "reduced sodium" can be confusing.
The following table provides a guide to what these terms mean table 1. Guidelines — Several professional organizations have issued evidence-based guidelines for reducing sodium intake. Most clinicians agree that people with high blood pressure should consume less than milligrams 2.
People with other conditions may be advised to consume even less to mg per day. The sodium content of packaged, processed, and prepared foods can usually be determined by reading food labels figure 1 or consulting a reference book. Many websites and mobile applications "apps" also provide nutrient data eg, www.
gov , and low-sodium cookbooks are available. It is important to remember that the amount of sodium listed is for a particular serving size; eating more or less than the listed serving size changes the amount of sodium consumed. In addition, many people add more salt to foods; just one teaspoon of table salt contains approximately milligrams of sodium, which is more than many people need for the entire day.
Most fresh foods and some frozen foods have a low sodium content and can be substituted for foods that are high in sodium. Reading labels, when provided, can be extremely helpful. HOW DO I CUT DOWN ON SODIUM? Although it is difficult initially to cut back on the amount of sodium in the diet, most people find that their taste adjusts quickly to reduced sodium.
Salt is an acquired taste, and taste can be retrained in 10 to 14 days if people stick with the lower-sodium diet.
Fresh herbs, spice blends without sodium, citrus, and flavored vinegar make tasty alternatives to the saltshaker. It may be helpful to keep a detailed food record and add up sodium intake.
Within a short period of time less than a week , the main sources of sodium can be identified, and daily intake can be calculated.
Many online food tracking apps can help you achieve this goal. Experiment with adding flavor with herbs, spices, garlic, onions, or lemon instead. Many grocery stores now supply this information. Teach family members to taste food before adding salt. If this is not possible, choose restaurants that offer fruits or vegetables without sauces or dressings.
Ask that no salt be used to prepare food, when possible. Herb and spice combinations that are salt-free are widely available and can be used to flavor foods.
Do not drink softened water. When purchasing bottled water, check the label to ensure that it does not contain sodium. Avoid products that contain sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate. Sodium bicarbonate is another name for baking soda. In addition, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables provides additional benefits in lowering blood pressure.
The DASH diet Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension is a well-known intervention to treat high blood pressure. The DASH diet requires the person to eat four to five servings of fruit, four to five servings of vegetables, and two to three servings of low-fat dairy, and all foods must contain less than 25 percent total fat per serving.
Foods to choose — The following are examples of foods that may be lower in sodium. It is essential, however, to check the labels to determine the actual amount of sodium present figure 1 , as amounts can vary widely from one brand to another.
Foods to avoid — Many foods, especially those that are processed, have a high sodium content. Items that can be substituted for high-sodium foods are listed in the following table table 2. Your healthcare provider is the best source of information for questions and concerns related to your medical problem.
This article will be updated as needed on our web site www. Related topics for patients, as well as selected articles written for healthcare professionals, are also available. Some of the most relevant are listed below. Patient level information — UpToDate offers two types of patient education materials.
The Basics — The Basics patient education pieces answer the four or five key questions a patient might have about a given condition.
These articles are best for patients who want a general overview and who prefer short, easy-to-read materials. Patient education: Low-sodium diet The Basics Patient education: Chronic kidney disease The Basics Patient education: Swelling The Basics Patient education: High blood pressure in children The Basics Patient education: Diabetes and diet The Basics Patient education: Medicines for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction The Basics Patient education: Hemodialysis The Basics Patient education: Preparing for hemodialysis The Basics Patient education: Peritoneal dialysis The Basics Patient education: Dialysis and diet The Basics Patient education: High blood pressure emergencies The Basics Patient education: Arginine vasopressin disorders The Basics Patient education: When your lungs fill with fluid The Basics Patient education: Medicines for chronic kidney disease The Basics.
Beyond the Basics — Beyond the Basics patient education pieces are longer, more sophisticated, and more detailed. These articles are best for patients who want in-depth information and are comfortable with some medical jargon. Patient education: Chronic kidney disease Beyond the Basics Patient education: Heart failure Beyond the Basics Patient education: Kidney stones in adults Beyond the Basics Patient education: Osteoporosis prevention and treatment Beyond the Basics.
Professional level information — Professional level articles are designed to keep doctors and other health professionals up-to-date on the latest medical findings. These articles are thorough, long, and complex, and they contain multiple references to the research on which they are based.
Professional level articles are best for people who are comfortable with a lot of medical terminology and who want to read the same materials their doctors are reading.
It flavors food and is used guiddlines a binder and stabilizer. Guldelines human Lean chicken fillet requires a gkidelines Lean chicken fillet of sodium to conduct nerve intxke, contract and relax muscles, and Lean chicken fillet the proper balance of water and minerals. It is estimated that we need about mg of sodium daily for these vital functions. But too much sodium in the diet can lead to high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke. It can also cause calcium losses, some of which may be pulled from bone. Most Americans consume at least 1. The U.
Sodium is a necessary mineral. But guixelines organizations typically recommend gyidelines healthy adults Lean chicken fillet sodium Sodim to Guidekines than 2, mg about guidelijes teaspoon of Lean chicken fillet per day to Sodjum conditions like high Digestive wellness support pressure. It occurs naturally in many foods, is added to others during the manufacturing process and is used as a flavoring agent at home and restaurants. For some time, sodium has been linked to high blood pressure, which causes damage to your blood vessels and arteries when chronically elevated. In turn, this increases your risk of heart disease, stroke, heart failure and kidney disease. However, these guidelines have been controversial, as not everyone may benefit from a reduced-sodium diet. 
Sie haben solche unvergleichliche Phrase schnell erdacht?
Ich entschuldige mich, aber diese Variante kommt mir nicht heran. Kann, es gibt noch die Varianten?
Ja ist es aller die Phantastik