Physiol Behav. Frank J, George TW, Lodge JK, Rodriguez-Mateos AM, Spencer JP, Minihane AM, Rimbach G. Daily consumption of an aqueous green tea extract supplement does not impair liver function or alter cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers in healthy men. J Nutr. Freese R, Basu S, Hietanen E, Nair J, Nakachi K, Bartsch H, Mutanen M.

Green tea extract decreases plasma malondialdehyde concentration but does not affect other indicators of oxidative stress, nitric oxide production, or hemostatic factors during a high-linoleic acid diet in healthy females. Eur J Nutr. Fukino Y, Ikeda A, Maruyama K, Aoki N, Okubo T, Iso H. Randomized controlled trial for an effect of green tea-extract powder supplementation on glucose abnormalities.

Eur J Clin Nutr. Hsu CH, Tsai TH, Kao YH, Hwang KC, Tseng TY, Chou P. Effect of green tea extract on obese women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Hsu CH, Liao YL, Lin SC, Tsai TH, Huang CJ, Chou P. Does supplementation with green tea extract improve insulin resistance in obese type 2 diabetics?

A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. Altern Med Rev. Huang LH, Liu CY, Wang LY, Huang CJ, Hsu CH. Effects of green tea extract on overweight and obese women with high levels of low density-lipoprotein-cholesterol LDL-C : a randomised, double-blind, and cross-over placebo-controlled clinical trial.

BMC Complement Altern Med. Kafeshani M, Entezari MH, Karimian J, Pourmasoumi M, Maracy MR, Amini MR, Hadi A. A comparative study of the effect of green tea and sour tea on blood pressure and lipid profile in healthy adult men.

ARYA Atheroscler. Lee TM, Charng MJ, Tseng CD, Lai LP. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of STA-2 green tea polyphenols in patients with chronic stable angina.

Acta Cardiol Sin. Liu CY, Huang CJ, Huang LH, Chen IJ, Chiu JP, Hsu CH. Effects of green tea extract on insulin resistance and glucagon-like peptide 1 in patients with type 2 diabetes and lipid abnormalities: a randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled trial.

PLoS One. Lu PH, Hsu CH. Does supplementation with green tea extract improve acne in post-adolescent women? Complement Ther Med. Maki KC, Reeves MS, Farmer M, Yasunaga K, Matsuo N, Katsuragi Y, Komikado M, Tokimitsu I, Wilder D, Jones F, et al.

Green tea catechin consumption enhances exercise-induced abdominal fat loss in overweight and obese adults. Maron DJ, Lu GP, Cai NS, Wu ZG, Li YH, Chen H, Zhu JQ, Jin XJ, Wouters BC, Zhao J.

Cholesterol-lowering effect of a theaflavin-enriched green tea extract: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. Mielgo-Ayuso J, Barrenechea L, Alcorta P, Larrarte E, Margareto J, Labayen I. Effects of dietary supplementation with epigallocatechingallate on weight loss, energy homeostasis, cardiometabolic risk factors and liver function in obese women: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Miyazaki R, Kotani K, Ayabe M, Tsuzaki K, Shimada J, Sakane N, Takase H, Ichikawa H, Yonei Y, Ishii K. Minor effects of green tea catechin supplementation on cardiovascular risk markers in active older people: a randomized controlled trial. Geriatr Gerontol Int. Nagao T, Hase T, Tokimitsu I.

A green tea extract high in catechins reduces body fat and cardiovascular risks in humans. Obesity Silver Spring. Nagao T, Meguro S, Hase T, Otsuka K, Komikado M, Tokimitsu I, Yamamoto T, Yamamoto K. A catechin-rich beverage improves obesity and blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Nantz MP, Rowe CA, Bukowski JF, Percival SS. Standardized capsule of Camellia sinensis lowers cardiovascular risk factors in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Princen HM, van Duyvenvoorde W, Buytenhek R, Blonk C, Tijburg LB, Langius JA, Meinders AE, Pijl H. No effect of consumption of green and black tea on plasma lipid and antioxidant levels and on LDL oxidation in smokers.

Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. Samavat H, Newman AR, Wang R, Yuan JM, Wu AH, Kurzer MS. Effects of green tea catechin extract on serum lipids in postmenopausal women: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Sone T, Kuriyama S, Nakaya N, Hozawa A, Shimazu T, Nomura K, Rikimaru S, Tsuji I. Randomized controlled trial for an effect of catechin-enriched green tea consumption on adiponectin and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Food Nutr Res. Suliburska J, Bogdanski P, Szulinska M, Stepien M, Pupek-Musialik D, Jablecka A.

Effects of green tea supplementation on elements, total antioxidants, lipids, and glucose values in the serum of obese patients.

Biol Trace Elem Res. Tadayon M, Movahedi S, Abedi P, Syahpoosh A. Impact of green tea extract on serum lipid of postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.

J Tradit Complement Med. Venkatakrishnan K, Chiu HF, Cheng JC, Chang YH, Lu YY, Han YC, Shen YC, Tsai KS, Wang CK. Comparative studies on the hypolipidemic, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of catechin-enriched green and oolong tea in a double-blind clinical trial.

Food Funct. Wu AH, Spicer D, Stanczyk FZ, Tseng CC, Yang CS, Pike MC. Effect of 2-month controlled green tea intervention on lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and hormone levels in healthy postmenopausal women. Cancer Prev Res Phila. Cao SY, Zhao CN, Gan RY, Xu XY, Wei XL, Corke H, Atanasov AG, Li HB.

Effects and mechanisms of tea and its bioactive compounds for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases: an updated review. Antioxidants Basel. Cheng H, Xu N, Zhao W, Su J, Liang M, Xie Z, Wu X, Li Q.

Mol Nutr Food Res. Wang W, Zhang ZZ, Wu Y, Wang RQ, Chen JW, Chen J, Zhang Y, Chen YJ, Geng M, Xu ZD, et al. Front Pharmacol. Suzuki-Sugihara N, Kishimoto Y, Saita E, Taguchi C, Kobayashi M, Ichitani M, Ukawa Y, Sagesaka YM, Suzuki E, Kondo K. Green tea catechins prevent low-density lipoprotein oxidation via their accumulation in low-density lipoprotein particles in humans.

Bursill CA, Roach PD. Koo SI, Noh SK. Green tea as inhibitor of the intestinal absorption of lipids: potential mechanism for its lipid-lowering effect.

J Nutr Biochem. Expert Panel on Detection E. Treatment of high blood cholesterol in a: executive summary of the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program NCEP expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults adult treatment panel III.

Giggey PP, Wendell CR, Zonderman AB, Waldstein SR. Greater coffee intake in men is associated with steeper age-related increases in blood pressure. Am J Hypertens. Potter JF, Haigh RA, Harper GD, Fotherby M, Hurd S, Macdonald IA. Blood pressure, plasma catecholamine and renin responses to caffeine in elderly hypertensives.

J Hum Hypertens. Gasinska A, Gajewska D. Tea and coffee as the main sources of oxalate in diets of patients with kidney oxalate stones. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. Download references. The present study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China No. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar.

RFX searched databases, selected studies, extracted data, analyzed data and wrote the manuscript. KY searched databases and selected studies. SL extracted data. MYD reviewed and edited the manuscript. GZC analyzed data, contributed to the design and discussion, reviewed and edited the manuscript.

All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Correspondence to Guangzhi Chen. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Funnel plot of green tea supplementation and total cholesterol.

Funnel plot of green tea supplementation and LDL cholesterol. Funnel plot of green tea supplementation and HDL cholesterol. funnel plot of green tea supplementation and triglyceride.

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material.

If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Reprints and permissions. Xu, R. et al. Effect of green tea consumption on blood lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Nutr J 19 , 48 Download citation. Received : 09 October Accepted : 22 April Published : 16 September Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:.

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Search all BMC articles Search. Download PDF. Download ePub. Abstract Background Strong epidemiologic evidence indicates that green tea intake is protective against hyperlipidemia; however, randomized controlled studies have presented varying results.

Methods PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were electronically explored from inception to September for all relevant studies. Results Thirty-one trials with a total of subjects were included in the meta-analysis. Introduction Cardiovascular diseases CVDs are the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, accounting for approximately Assessment of risk of bias in included studies Two authors CGZ and XRF independently assessed the risk of bias of each study, using the Cochrane tool for assessing risk of bias [ 18 ].

Data extraction We extracted all data using a standardized data collection form. Statistical analysis We performed this meta-analysis by using STATA statistical software version 11; STATA Corp LP.

Results Results of the literature search The detailed process of the study selection is depicted in Fig. Full size image.

Table 1 Characteristics of 31 included randomized controlled trials Full size table. Table 2 Subgroup analyses of mean change in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglyceride Full size table.

Discussion The present meta-analysis evaluated the association between green tea consumption and reduction in serum lipid concentrations based on published results from 31 studies comprising subjects. Availability of data and materials All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

Abbreviations BP: Blood pressure CIs: Confidence intervals CVDs: Cardiovascular diseases TC: Total cholesterol LDL: Low-density lipoprotein HDL: High-density lipoprotein EGCG: Epigallocatechin gallate EC: Epicatechin EGC: Epigallocatechin ECG: Epicatechingallate GTE: Green tea extracts MDs: Mean differences PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses RCTs: Randomized placebo-controlled trials SD: Standard Deviation SE: Standard error WMD: Weighted mean differences.

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View author publications. It appears that a few cups a day may be beneficial," says McManus. As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our library of archived content.

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Beyond the usual suspects for healthy resolutions. December 1, Here's what studies have revealed about this popular beverage. What the evidence shows A number of studies have looked at possible links between green tea and cardiovascular disease.

The bottom line "The limited data available on green tea support a potential association between green tea and beneficial properties in relationship to risk factors for cardiovascular disease," says Kathy McManus, director of the department of nutrition at Brigham and Women's Hospital.

Tip: When you choose raspberries, look for ones that are fully ripe. Unlike many other fruits, raspberries do not ripen after they are picked. Look for minimally processed pearled barley, the variety most commonly found in supermarkets. Tip: Use this versatile grain as a substitute for rice; mix it with grilled corn and top with a vinaigrette dressing for a refreshing salad; or add it to creamed soups for a fiber boost.

This silky-green fruit contains significant amounts of oleic acid, a healthy monounsaturated fat that helps boost good cholesterol and lower bad. Avocados are also rich in fiber and a plant chemical called beta-sitosterol, both of which help keep cholesterol in check.

Tip: Avocados significantly increase absorption of immunity-boosting antioxidants found in fruits and vegetables. Add a couple of slices of diced avocado to your next salad.

AARP Membership. Get instant access to members-only products and hundreds of discounts, a free second membership, and a subscription to AARP The Magazine. Join Now. One reason to love lentils is their cholesterol-busting fiber.

The soluble fiber in lentils forms a sticky substance that traps cholesterol and helps move it out of the body. Lentils and their kissing cousins, black-eyed peas, kidney, lima and navy beans, come by their reputation as heart protectors with good reason.

Tip: Lentils sop up flavor like a sponge. Mix cooked lentils with some olive oil, balsamic or red wine vinegar, crushed garlic and parsley. Let stand for half an hour to meld the flavors, then spread on crackers. These young green soybeans with a buttery sweet taste are a protein powerhouse, rich in soluble fiber and high in isoflavones, a plant compound that brings down total blood levels of cholesterol.

To cook fresh edamame, boil in lightly salted water for 3 to 5 minutes, cool by plunging into ice water, then drain. Nuts also are high in plant sterols, substances that block the absorption of cholesterol.

Given these advantages, nuts are a natural for a heart-healthy diet. About an ounce and a half to two ounces a day should do it. Walnuts, almonds, hazelnuts, pecans and pistachios all confer benefits. Privacy Policy.

The unsaturated fats found in olive oil and canola and walnut oils have the added benefit of helping to cut LDL cholesterol levels without affecting HDL.

Aim for about 2 tablespoons a day in place of other fats. This form is less processed and contains more heart-healthy antioxidants. Target Optical. Pears are rich in fiber, mainly in the form of pectin, which helps lower LDL cholesterol by expelling it from the body before it is absorbed.

Surprisingly, fresh pears contain even more pectin than apples. Other pectin-rich fruits include apples, bananas, oranges and peaches.

Their edible skin is an additional source of fiber. Simply wash before serving. A cup of tea does more than soothe on a stressful day. Both green and black tea can help lower cholesterol levels. Green tea is prepared from unfermented leaves and black tea from fully fermented leaves of the same plant.

Researchers believe that catechins, a type of antioxidant found in tea, are responsible for its cholesterol-lowering effect. The more fermented the tea leaves, the lower the catechin content and the higher the caffeine content.

Tip: Black tea has two to three times the caffeine of green tea. If your preferred black tea keeps you awake at night, look for the decaffeinated form. Ask for tomato sauce with your pasta if you want to keep your cholesterol under control.

Tomatoes are a significant source of a plant compound called lycopene, which reduces levels of LDL cholesterol. Research shows that the body absorbs more lycopene if the tomatoes are processed or cooked , so have a glass of tomato juice at lunch and add tomatoes to your minestrone soup as well.

Tip: You can also reap the benefits of their mildly sweet taste by roasting, grilling, broiling or steaming. Lucky for us, these crunchy crowd-pleasers provide benefits that help maintain our health.

Another plus for this favorite fruit: A long-standing Swedish study found that men and women who ate the most apples had a lower risk of stroke than those who ate the least. Oranges, mandarin oranges, tangerines and tangelos have more going for them than their cheery color. Several studies have shown that pectin reduces cholesterol levels anywhere from 5 to 19 percent, nearly the same as some cholesterol-lowering medications.

Get instant access to members-only products and hundreds of discounts, a free second membership, and a subscription to AARP the Magazine. A bowl of oatmeal for breakfast is a satisfying way to start the day.

Oatmeal is rich in soluble fiber, which reduces LDL cholesterol and is associated with a reduced risk of heart disease. Tip: Steel-cut, rolled or quick-cooking oats are nutritionally equivalent. Instant oats, however, are often spiked with sugary flavorings and may raise blood sugar quickly; if you have diabetes, opt for one of the others.

Foods high in saturated fat pose a double-whammy — they raise LDL cholesterol levels and promote weight gain , according to Harvard Health Publishing. Discover AARP Members Only Access. Already a Member? What is a Plant-Based Diet? What Is Actually Good for Your Gut? What Is the MIND Diet?

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Olive oil. Green and black tea. Maron said there is a need to identify additional non-drug options for lowering cholesterol that have sufficient safety and efficacy data. There is also a need to find products that are more practical for the consumer than viscous fiber and foods made with plant stanols, he said.

While pleased with the initial outcomes, he recommends further testing to determine long-term safety, the effective dosing range, the impact when the extract is taken with lipid medication especially statins and the adaptability to other ethnic and patient groups.

The study shows that the tea extract is a useful adjunct to lowering LDL in people with high cholesterol already on a low-fat diet.

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Green, black tea extracts found to lower cholesterol. Media Inquiries Email Latest Stories Latest Vanderbilt Unity Index shows the U. Jun 24, , PM. Share Twitter Facebook Email LinkedIn.

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Lung cancer. Colon cancer. Stomach cancer. Rectal cancer. Mental health. All guides. For sites For sites. Trial Site Login. About HealthMatch About HealthMatch. Log in. Home Cholesterol Which Tea Is Good For High Cholesterol?

Content Overview What is cholesterol? What should my cholesterol levels be? Healthy teas for cholesterol Other drinks to improve cholesterol Drinks to avoid The lowdown. Have you considered clinical trials for Cholesterol? Check your eligibility. What is cholesterol? Healthy teas for cholesterol Benefits of green tea Green tea comes from the Camellia sinensis plant and is an unoxidized form of tea.

Flavonoids are found in plants and have a wide variety of benefits, being: Antioxidant Anticancer Anti-inflammatory Antiviral Of all the teas, green tea and green tea extract has the highest levels of catechins.

Benefits of black tea Black tea is also made from the leaves of the Camellia Sinensis plant. Benefits of oolong tea Oolong tea is a traditional Chinese tea.

Other drinks to improve cholesterol Oat milk: This plant-based milk is free of cholesterol. Drinks to avoid Any drinks containing high-fat milk or added cream are to be avoided.

The lowdown Green tea, black tea, and oolong tea have all been found to be beneficial in lowering cholesterol levels. Share this story facebook. Discover which clinical trials you are eligible for.

Latest news. These soluble fibers may inhibit cholesterol absorption and help reduce cholesterol levels. A review suggests that oat drinks, such as oat milk, may offer a more consistent reduction in cholesterol than semi-solid or solid oat products. A mL glass of oat milk may provide 1 g of beta-glucans.

People can also check oat drink labels to ensure they contain beta-glucans, which may appear as part of the fiber information, and how much they include per serving. Tomatoes are rich in a compound called lycopene, which may improve lipid levels and reduce LDL cholesterol.

Research suggests processing tomatoes into juice increases their lycopene content. Tomato juice is also rich in cholesterol-reducing fiber and niacin. A study found that unsalted tomato juice helped improve serum LDL cholesterol levels in adults in Japan over a year.

In particular, anthocyanins, a powerful antioxidant agent in berries, can help improve cholesterol levels. To include berries in the diet, people can make a berry smoothie by blending two handfuls — around 80 g — of any berry. Sterols and stanols are plant chemicals similar in shape and size to cholesterol that block the absorption of some cholesterol.

However, vegetables and nuts contain low levels of sterols and stanols that cannot lower cholesterol. Companies may add these ingredients to drinks, such as:.

The FDA states that most people should try to consume 1. Individuals can try to consume these sterols and stanols with a meal that contains saturated fat for effectiveness. Cocoa is the main ingredient in dark chocolate. It contains antioxidants that doctors call flavanols that may improve cholesterol levels.

According to a review , cocoa products can reduce LDL and total cholesterol, although they may not significantly affect HDL cholesterol levels.

However, drinks containing processed chocolate can have high levels of saturated fats. People may wish to limit chocolate with added sugars, salts, and fats. Many types of plant-based milk contain ingredients that may help lower or control cholesterol levels.

People can make a smoothie base using soy milk or oat milk. A person can make a soy or oat smoothie by blending mL of soy or oat milk with cholesterol-lowering fruits or vegetables, such as:.

People who wish to improve their cholesterol levels or maintain moderate levels may wish to avoid drinks high in saturated fats, such as:. Drinking more than 12 ounces of sugary drinks per day may also reduce HDL levels and increase triglyceride levels, or levels of fat in the bloodstream.

Some research suggests that low to moderate alcohol consumption could be more beneficial for heart health than not drinking at all. Moderate alcohol consumption may help increase HDL cholesterol levels. However, the effects that alcohol can have on cholesterol levels may depend on factors that include how much someone drinks, their age and sex, and the type of alcohol they consume.

Additionally, heavy drinking increases cholesterol, and consuming alcohol carries so many health risks that its adverse effects may outweigh its benefits. The American Heart Association AHA recommends the following lifestyle changes to lower cholesterol levels:. Doctors can also prescribe medications, such as statins , to help keep cholesterol levels healthy.

The AHA recommends that most adults check their cholesterol levels and any other heart disease risk factors roughly every 4—6 years.

As long as their risk remains low, they can continue with checks at this frequency. Flexible Work. AARP Skills Builder. Online Courses to Boost Your Career. Age Proof Your Resume. Tips to Enhance Your Job Search.

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As we age, keeping an eye on our cholesterol becomes increasingly important in order to reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke. But not all cholesterol is harmful — the body actually needs it to build cells and produce essential vitamins.

So, if your diet is high in saturated and trans fats — think butter and bacon — your cholesterol can creep up, putting your heart health at risk.

Read on to learn more about the different types of cholesterol and determine the best foods to eat to lower cholesterol , as well as those you should avoid.