Marine Natural antioxidants Prospects and Perspectives. There are an assortment Natural antioxidants phenolic compounds recognized in Naturak mushrooms, including cinnamic acid, Antioxixants, p -hydroxybenzoic, p -coumaric acids, gallic acid, vanillin, rutin, and quercetin [ 60 ]. In Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and Zanzibar, it is cultivated on large scale. Consuming these vegetables is strongly linked to protecting against cancer, and slowing cancer growth.

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If possible, get your daily dose of antioxidants from whole foods, such as fruits and vegetables. Adequate antioxidant intake is essential to a healthy diet, although some studies suggest that high-dose supplements may be harmful.

The best strategy is to get your daily dose of antioxidants from healthy plant foods, such as fruits and vegetables. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Coffee is incredibly high in antioxidants.

Several studies have shown that people get more antioxidants from coffee than any other food group. Antioxidant supplements are popular, but evidence suggests that they have several drawbacks. This article explains what antioxidant supplements are….

Blueberries are highly nutritious and among the world's most powerful sources of antioxidants. Here are 10 evidence-based health benefits of…. Pyrroloquinoline quinone PQQ supplements are purported to boost your energy levels, mental focus, and longevity. This article explains everything…. Black tea offers a variety of health benefits, including improved cholesterol, better gut health and decreased blood pressure.

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A Quiz for Teens Are You a Workaholic? How Well Do You Sleep? Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Nutrition Evidence Based Antioxidants Explained in Simple Terms. By Atli Arnarson BSc, PhD on July 12, What they are Free radicals Food sources Antioxidant types Supplements Bottom line Antioxidants are molecules that can help your body fight off harmful free radicals, which have been linked to health conditions like diabetes and cancer.

What are antioxidants? How free radicals function. Antioxidants in foods. Types of dietary antioxidants. Should you take antioxidant supplements? The bottom line. How we reviewed this article: History. Jul 12, Written By Atli Arnarson BSc, PhD.

Share this article. Read this next. Coffee and Antioxidants: Everything You Need to Know. By Adda Bjarnadottir, MS, RDN Ice. Should You Take Antioxidant Supplements?

By Gavin Van De Walle, MS, RD. Do PQQ Supplements Have Health Benefits? gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Antioxidants are man-made or natural substances that may prevent or delay some types of cell damage.

Antioxidants are found in many foods, including fruits and vegetables. They are also available as dietary supplements. Examples of antioxidants include:. Vegetables and fruits are rich sources of antioxidants.

There is good evidence that eating a diet with lots of vegetables and fruits is healthy and lowers risks of certain diseases. But it isn't clear whether this is because of the antioxidants, something else in the foods, or other factors. High-dose supplements of antioxidants may be linked to health risks in some cases.

For example, high doses of beta-carotene may increase the risk of lung cancer in smokers. High doses of vitamin E may increase risks of prostate cancer and one type of stroke. Antioxidant supplements may also interact with some medicines.

To minimize risk, tell your health care providers about any antioxidants you use. The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice.

Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health. On this page Basics Summary Start Here. Learn More Related Issues Specifics. See, Play and Learn No links available. Research Statistics and Research Clinical Trials Journal Articles. Resources Find an Expert.

Official antioxiants use. gov Naturao. gov website belongs Natural antioxidants Satisfying coffee replacement official Natural antioxidants organization in the United States. gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Antioxidants are man-made or natural substances that may prevent or delay some types of cell damage.

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auricula and evaluated potential antioxidant activity of these polysaccharides [ 71 ]. Among its various extracts, the boiled extract, which is also convenient, proves to be more effective antioxidant.

edulis belongs to the Boletus species of mushroom widely distributed in the holarctic across Asia, Europe, and North America, commonly known as porcino and penny bun [ 73 ]. Other edible mushrooms of boletus species including B. aereus, B. reticulate , and B. edulis have good antioxidant properties.

Total phenol contents of B. edulis is higher that shows the scavenging activity [ 74 ]. auranticus EC50 0. However, reducing power of B. edulis is higher.

edulis extricate averts lipid peroxidation [ 75 ]. Antioxidant activity of B. edulis is attributed to its polysaccharides found in the fruiting bodies that are reported to have chelating action and inhibitory impacts on superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical [ 67 ].

Vieira et al. edulis antioxidant activity with the combination of another edible mushroom Marasmius oreades. They investigated different parameter to observe the antioxidant capacity of the both mushroom species mixture, and they observed the good antioxidant activity in synergism.

These results show that on various occasions, the addition of more than one mushroom as a combination gives more effective results than alone. Ganoderma lucidum is also commonly known as Lingzhi, a basidiomycete fungus, native to China and grows in mountain woods with humid and dim-light conditions, in the rotten bark or root of tree.

The mushroom is well known as medicinal mushroom and has been prescribed to prevent and treat different diseases [ 77 ]. lucidum contains polysaccharides, sterols, triterpenoids, nucleosides, and alkaloids [ 78 ]. lucidum is called as marvelous mushroom of immortality because it shows that the consumption of the mushroom can prolong life [ 77 ].

Shi et al. lucidum and investigate their antioxidant property. They demonstrated that these four polysaccharides have scavenging activities in a concentration-dependent manner [ 79 ].

applanatum is known as shelf fungus and also belongs to Ganoderma species of the mushroom. applanatum exhibits the higher antioxidant property over G. lucidum and other two edible mushrooms including L.

edodes and Trametes versicolor [ 80 ]. frondosa , also known as Maitake, is a culinary as well as medicinal mushroom native to China, North America, and northeastern part of Japan but cultivated worldwide in several countries because of its useful effects [ 81 ].

The mushroom is progressively being perceived as a powerful wellspring of polysaccharide with sensational well-being and advanced potential. Total phenols, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and flavonoids are the major scavenging agents present in the different G.

frondosa extricates [ 82 ]. frondosa polysaccharides have critical inhibitory impacts on hydroxyl radical, superoxide radical, and 1,1-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl DPPH radical [ 83 ].

Their ferrous particles chelating activity is also strong [ 84 ]. Fan et al. frondosa by various separating techniques. Hot alkali extract of G. frondosa has the better antioxidant activity as compared to partially purified polysaccharides.

It has the lower EC 50 values of DPPH scavenging ability [ 86 ]. The study results enforce the variation of their antioxidant ingredients due to the seasonal and geographic displacements.

marmoreus is an edible mushroom commonly found in East Asia including Korea, China, and Japan, widely known due to its antioxidant activity [ 87 ]. Phenols [ 88 ] and polysaccharides are the major bioactive components present in H.

marmoreus that show the antioxidant activity by scavenging reactive oxygen species and strengthening its reducing power [ 55 ]. Liu et al. investigated the intracellular polysaccharides of H.

marmoreus and revealed that these polysaccharides can be utilized as an antioxidant agent that improves adaptive immune reactions [ 89 ].

edodes also known as shitake mushroom is the second most well-known consumable mushroom in the worldwide market and is usually cultivated in Indonesia, Taiwan, China, and Japan [ 90 ].

The mushroom is credited to its wholesome incentive as well as to conceivable potential for therapeutic applications [ 91 ]. edodes contains some important polysaccharides that have therapeutic activity.

The mushroom is also a good source of vitamins, particularly vitamin B, including B1, B2, B5, B12, and provitamin D2. edodes extract has potent antioxidant effect due to the presence of bioactive compounds ergothioneine [ 92 ].

edodes has the ability to increase the total antioxidant capacity and reduce the total oxidative stress [ 91 ]. UV-C radiation can improve scavenging capacity of L.

edodes [ 93 ]. Chen et al. edodes , and they demonstrated the polysaccharides as potent antioxidant agents that can produce healthy immune response.

The treatment of mushroom crude powder or its extract may also helpful to enhance its antioxidant capability. Pleurotus ostreatus is the third most cultivated mushroom worldwide after A.

bisporus [ 94 ]. Its mycelia as well as fruiting bodies have well-known therapeutic effects due to its various biologically active compounds including phenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids [ 95 ] having strong antioxidant activity [ 96 ].

The methanol extract demonstrated the most grounded β-carotene-linoleic acid restraint when contrasted with alternate extracts. On the other hand, acetone has the strong reducing power than alternate concentrates. commune is a standout among the usually discovered fungus and can be separated from all landmasses, aside from Antarctica.

commune has been accounted for to be a pathogen of people and trees; however, it principally receives a saprobic way of life by causing white rot. The antioxidant activity of S. commune is due to polysaccharides and polyphenols components [ 97 ]. sativum commonly known as garlic is a species belongs to family Alliaceae commonly cultivated in India [ 98 ].

It is a perpetual herb with a tall, erect blooming stem that grows up to 3 feet. Garlic has been utilized all through history for both culinary and therapeutic purposes. sativum is an adaptable herb that contains various trace elements, vitamins, and minerals. The total phenolic compound of the garlic has the antioxidant activity [ 99 ].

As an antioxidant, garlic has the strongest DPPH-scavenging ability [ ]. Aged garlic extract has significantly eminent total phenolic substance than raw garlic extract [ ].

It has been noticed that as the plant gets older, more the antioxidant potential it will gain. Capsicum annuum red pepper is native to southern North America and northern South America and was introduced in Asia in sixteenth century from South America [ ].

It contains a wide cluster of phytochemicals with their radical-scavenging properties [ ]. The spice contains carotenoids, flavonoids, tocopherols, free sugars, capsaicinoids, L-ascorbic acid, and organic acids [ ].

At the ripe stage, hot-dried peppers have a high bioactive substances that show huge free radical-scavenging properties such as polyphenols and carotenoids [ ].

Curcuma longa is a well-known spice that has a place in the Zingiberaceae family and is a lasting herb that measures up to 1 m high with a short stem.

It is circulated all through tropical and subtropical locales of the world, being generally developed in Asiatic nations [ ], primarily in India and China. In Pakistan and India, it is prevalently known as Haldi.

As a powder, called turmeric, it has been in continual use as a flavor enhancer in both veggies lover and non-vegan foods. Essential oil of fresh rhizomes has higher scavenging properties [ ]. The phenolic compounds of C. longa are the primary contributor of antioxidant activity [ ].

Eugenia caryophyllus commonly known as clove is a medium-size tree m that belongs to family Myrtaceae. caryophyllus has been utilized for a considerable length of time as nourishment additive and for some therapeutic purposes as well [ ].

Clove is local of Indonesia yet these days also cultivated in some other countries including Brazil in the province of Bahia. This plant is one of the wealthiest sources of phenolic compounds, for example, gallic acid eugenol and eugenol acetate [ ].

caryophyllus leaf essential oil and its main constituent eugenol possess high antioxidant activity [ ]. Among various extracts, the methanolic extract has higher scavenging activity than acetone and chloroform extracts [ ].

Geranium sanguineum , usually called as bloody cranesbill, is a herbaceous plant that belongs to family Geraniaceae. It is local from Asia and Europe and is developed as a garden subject.

In Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and Zanzibar, it is cultivated on large scale. It is found naturally in Madagascar, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, and West Indies [ ].

Methanol extract of G. sanguineum has the free radical-scavenging property [ ]. Pistacia lentiscus is extensively used in folk medicine by rural populations in Algeria. The herb is imperative due to its therapeutic uses. lentiscus have the radical-scavenging activity [ ].

lentiscus have exceptional reducing power and strong radical-scavenging activity against DPPH [ , ]. Salvia officinalis , also known as garden sage, belongs to family Lamiaceae and possesses strong antioxidant property [ ]. The plant is grown and cultivated in some parts of Iran.

The leaves of the plant are utilized as a part of Iranian folk medicine. The antioxidant activity of the plant is due to the presence of polyphenol constituents [ ]. Dried sage leaves infusion with boiling water sage tea is the most typical form of preparation.

Sage tea contains polyphenolic constituents that possess antioxidant property and other therapeutic effects [ ]. Its native is Amazon rainforest and other tropical territories of Central and South America.

For centuries, the plant has been utilized as a part of customary practices in South America particularly in Peru. Due to its anti-inflammatory and radical-scavenging activities, the plant has been used to treat rheumatic diseases and cancer [ ].

Decoctions prepared from the bark of U. tomentosa are generally utilized as a part of the conventional Peruvian medicine for the treatment of many diseases [ ].

The bark decoctions have strong ability to decrease the free radicals diphenylpicrylhydrazyl, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorous acid [ ]. Leea indica belongs to the family Vitaceae and has been traditionally used as natural folk medicine in Malaysia.

In the leaves of L. indica , 23 known chemical compounds are identified [ ]. The identified compounds include 11 hydrocarbons, 3 phthalic acid esters, phthalic acid, gallic acid, ursolic acid, solanesol, farnesol, β-sitosterol, lupeol, and 1-eicosanol [ ].

Among these, total phenolic compounds possess the antioxidant activity [ ]. Polyalthia cerasoides belongs to the family Annonaceae and is a medicinal plant used in Thai native medicine.

The roots of P. cerasoides are used for therapeutic purposes that contain alkaloid, bidebiline, three known sesquiterpenes, four known isoquinoline, and other compounds such as laudanosine, codamine, laudanidine, and reticuline [ ]. The extract has the highest phenolic compound and high reactive oxygen species-scavenging activity [ , ].

Marine ecosystem has been reported as a potential source of biodiversity and chemical activities. The organisms living in marine environment are gaining the attention of industries such as pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics because of possessing various interesting and useful chemical compounds [ ].

Marine biotechnologists are trying to produce the tool for the utilization of marine biodiversity for the production of cheap source of pharmaceutical products and functional foods [ ]. Seaweeds and sponges are considered as the richest source of bioactive compounds having the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities [ ].

Seaweeds and sponges with their associated bacteria have been found to possess various health-promoting and disease prevention effects due to their phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and useful organic acids [ ].

These are supposed to be the most protective group of foods against environmental pollutants and radiation [ ]. Among various other useful compounds, the marine organisms also contain polyphenolic compounds that are responsible for antioxidant activity including flavonoids, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, gallic acid, quercy, and phlorotannins [ ].

Nonanimal sulfated polysaccharides are reported to have antioxidant activities [ ], which can be obtained from marine algae and other marine organisms from the phaeophyta group [ ]. A large number of different species of algae and microalgae have been studied for the use of their bioactive contents as functional food components.

Algae comprised of a huge and complex group of photosynthetic organisms with simple reproductive organs, which can be multicellular, known as macroalgae and unicellular called as microalgae. Algae grow in extremes of environmental conditions such as light, temperature, and salinity, which results in the production of a large number of reactive oxygen species ROS.

To cope with these ROS, algae produce various secondary metabolites with many antioxidant activities such as phycobilins, polyphenols, carotenoids, and vitamins [ ].

People living in coastal areas use many types of seaweed, both as fresh and dry forms, as a natural source of food, and from the research, it is known that these seaweeds contain a large amount of proteins, minerals, and vitamins. Although the composition of these seaweeds varies according to their species, geographical distribution, temperature, and seasonal variation, the overall nutritional value remains the same.

Many compounds from marine algae possess anticancer activity, and recently, seaweeds have gained attention as a rich source of antioxidants [ ]. Many of the secondary metabolites produced by marine organisms reflect the presence of chloride and bromide ions in seawater.

Marine halogenated compounds assemble a large number of other useful compounds such as indoles, peptides, terpenes, phenols, acetogenins, and volatile halogenated hydrocarbons. This protective effect suggests the presence of antioxidant compounds that show their antioxidant activity as free radical scavengers, hydrogen-donating compounds, single oxygen quenchers, and metal ion chelators.

Many biological compounds have previously isolated from some other marine organisms such as fish, crustaceans, and their byproducts [ ]. Seaweeds also create a suitable environment to a large number of bacteria that live on their surface having much more diversity of microorganisms as compared to other multicellular organisms [ ].

These associated microorganisms have a protective effect on the seaweeds from pathogen, and they produce a large number of bioactive compounds of biomedical importance [ ]. Exopolysaccharides produced by these bacterial species are used as an ingredient in food, petroleum, and pharmaceutical industries and emulsification of crude oil, vegetables, mineral oils, and bioremediation agents in environment management systems [ ].

Fish protein hydrolysate FPH , which is prepared from various marine organisms such as mackerel, tuna, Alaska Pollock, and yellowfin sole, has also been reported to have antioxidant activity [ , , ].

Many types of peptides are obtained from fish muscle, bone, skin, and other tissues. All of these amino acids can scavenge-free radicals, but the most powerful scavenging activity attributes to those who can easily donate hydrogen atoms. These amino acids are cystine and methionine, which have nucleophilic sulfur-containing side chains or tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine, which have aromatic side chains.

Peptide size and amino acid composition are important for the FPH because it determines its antioxidant nature [ ]. An in vitro study on phycocyanin, a pigment obtained from blue-green algae, reveals its antioxidant activity.

It was evaluated in vitro by the use of luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence LCL. This antioxidant activity was also confirmed in vivo by induction of inflammation in mice paw with glucose oxidase.

The edema caused by inflammation was reduced, and the luminous signal indicated that the phycocyanin can scavenge OH˙ and RO˙ [ ]. Algal antioxidants are also used in the cosmeceutical industries as antiaging agents [ ].

A carotenoid pigment known as astaxanthin, found in microalga Haematococcus pluvialis , is reported to have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities [ ]. An increasing interest has been observed from the past decade in exploring the natural ingredients to be used in the food and food products.

The researchers from all over the world are focusing on the alternate sources other than the synthetic one, which will be more safe and convenient as dietary component. Moreover, the synthetic antioxidants and preservatives in the food may lead to lipid peroxidation and deterioration of food flavor and quality.

The use of natural herbs, spices, and plant ingredients is in practice from the ancient times and still practiced in the traditional food preparation as preservative, aroma, and flavor. This chapter is an effort to overview the potentials of various natural sources having reasonable antioxidant potential.

The literature reports compiled here will be beneficial to identify the significance of various natural sources based on their antioxidant capacity, active ingredients, and geographic availability.

Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3. Edited by Emad Shalaby.

Open access peer-reviewed chapter Antioxidants from Natural Sources Written By Haseeb Anwar, Ghulam Hussain and Imtiaz Mustafa. DOWNLOAD FOR FREE Share Cite Cite this chapter There are two ways to cite this chapter:. Choose citation style Select style Vancouver APA Harvard IEEE MLA Chicago Copy to clipboard Get citation.

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Impact of this chapter. Abstract Antioxidants are the defense system of the body against the damage of reactive oxygen species, which is normally produced during the various physiological processes in the body. Keywords antioxidants vegetables fruits plants herbs.

Introduction The formations of oxygen reactive forms as a result of rigorous oxidative processes taking place in human organism are the potent precursors of systemic cells and tissues damage. Types of antioxidants from fruits and vegetables Polyphenols, present in fruits and vegetables, is a group of several low- and high-molecular-weight compounds having antioxidant properties that prevent lipid oxidation [ 17 ].

Antioxidants from fruits and vegetables wastes Fruits and vegetable waste material is produced during their cultivation, industrial management, processing, preservation, and distribution [ 26 ].

No English name Antioxidant contents Concentration ORAC value References 1. Beet root Betalains [ ] 2. Guava β-Carotene, lycopene, vitamin C, ellagic acid, anthocyanin [ ] 3. Water melon Lycopene, β-carotene, vitamin C [ ] 7. Apple Proanthocyanidins, flavonoids kaempferol, quercetin, and naringenin derivatives ; phenolic acids protocatechuic, caffeoylquinic, and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives ; hydroxychalcones phloretin and 3-hydroxyphloretin derivatives ; and isoprenoid glycosides vomifoliol derivatives Flavanols, flavonols, dihydrochalcones, and hydroxycinnamates Plum Proanthocyanidins, flavonoids kaempferol, quercetin, and naringenin derivatives ; phenolic acids protocatechuic, caffeoylquinic, and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives ; hydroxychalcones phloretin and 3-hydroxyphloretin derivatives ; and isoprenoid glycosides vomifoliol derivatives Guava β-Carotene, lycopene, vitamin C, ellagic acid, anthocyanin Table 1.

Some important fruits having antioxidant constituents. No Fruit Residue Antioxidant Reference 1. Banana Unripe green fruit and peel Phenols and flavonoids [ , ] 2. Mango Peel, kernel Gallic acid, ellagic acid, gallates, gallotannins, condensed tannins [ , ] 3.

Water melon Peel, rinds Citrulline, lycopene, flavonoids, and phenols [ , ] 4. Cucumber Peel Flavonoids and phenols [ 33 ] 5. Potato Peel Chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and phenols [ , ] 6. Coffee Coffee ground and residue Polyphenols, tannins, and gallic acids [ , 38 ] 7. Apple Peel Epicatechin, catechins, anthocyanins, quercetin glycosides, chlorogenic acid, hydroxycinnamates, phloretin glycosides, and procyanidins [ ] 8.

Grapes Skin and seeds Coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, cinnamic acid, neochlorogenic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, gallic acid, proanthocyanidins, quercetin 3-o-gluuronide, quercetin, and resveratrol [ , ] 9.

Guava Skin and seeds Catechin, cyanidin 3-glucoside, galangin, gallic acid, homogentisic acid, and kaempferol [ ] Pomegranate Peel and pericarp Gallic acid, cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, cyanidindiglucoside, and delphinidin-3,5-diglucoside [ , ] Vegetables Carrot Peel Phenols, β-carotene [ ] Cucumber Peel Phenols, flavonoids, pheophytin, phellandrene, caryophyllene [ 33 , ] Potato Peel Gallic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and phenols [ , , ] Tomato Skin and pomace Carotenoids [ ].

Table 2. Antioxidants from some fruits and vegetable wastes. Mushrooms as antioxidant In the nutrition world, mushrooms are delegated vegetables; however, they are not actually plants. Agaricus bisporus A. Armillaria mellea A. Auricularia auricula A.

Boletus edulis B. Ganoderma lucidum Ganoderma lucidum is also commonly known as Lingzhi, a basidiomycete fungus, native to China and grows in mountain woods with humid and dim-light conditions, in the rotten bark or root of tree.

Grifola frondosa G. Hypsizigus marmoreus H. Lentinus edodes L. Pleurotus ostreatus Pleurotus ostreatus is the third most cultivated mushroom worldwide after A.

Schizophyllum commune S. Medicinal plants and spices having antioxidants 2. Allium sativum A. Capsicum annuum Capsicum annuum red pepper is native to southern North America and northern South America and was introduced in Asia in sixteenth century from South America [ ].

Curcuma longa Curcuma longa is a well-known spice that has a place in the Zingiberaceae family and is a lasting herb that measures up to 1 m high with a short stem. Eugenia caryophyllus Eugenia caryophyllus commonly known as clove is a medium-size tree m that belongs to family Myrtaceae.

Geranium sanguineum Geranium sanguineum , usually called as bloody cranesbill, is a herbaceous plant that belongs to family Geraniaceae. Pistacia lentiscus Pistacia lentiscus is extensively used in folk medicine by rural populations in Algeria. Salvia officinalis Salvia officinalis , also known as garden sage, belongs to family Lamiaceae and possesses strong antioxidant property [ ].

Leea indica Leea indica belongs to the family Vitaceae and has been traditionally used as natural folk medicine in Malaysia. Polyalthia cerasoides Polyalthia cerasoides belongs to the family Annonaceae and is a medicinal plant used in Thai native medicine.

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Lung M-Y, Chang Y-C. Antioxidant properties of the edible basidiomycete Armillaria mellea in submerged cultures. Antioxidants are found in many foods, including fruits and vegetables. They are also available as dietary supplements. Examples of antioxidants include:. Vegetables and fruits are rich sources of antioxidants.

There is good evidence that eating a diet with lots of vegetables and fruits is healthy and lowers risks of certain diseases. But it isn't clear whether this is because of the antioxidants, something else in the foods, or other factors.

High-dose supplements of antioxidants may be linked to health risks in some cases. For example, high doses of beta-carotene may increase the risk of lung cancer in smokers. High doses of vitamin E may increase risks of prostate cancer and one type of stroke.

Antioxidant supplements may also interact with some medicines. To minimize risk, tell your health care providers about any antioxidants you use. The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice.

Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health. On this page Basics Summary Start Here. Learn More Related Issues Specifics. See, Play and Learn No links available. Research Statistics and Research Clinical Trials Journal Articles.

Resources Find an Expert. For You No links available. Examples of antioxidants include: Beta-carotene Lutein Lycopene Selenium Vitamin A Vitamin C Vitamin E Vegetables and fruits are rich sources of antioxidants.

NIH: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. Start Here.

Antioxidants are substances Natural antioxidants prevent or delay Metabolic weight loss damage caused Natural antioxidants compounds Natural antioxidants free radicals. These free radicals are highly reactive compounds that antioxidanta damage antiodidants Natural antioxidants lead Natyral the antioxidanta Natural antioxidants Nahural diseases, such as Refreshing Quenching Elixirs, diabetes, Alzheimer's diseaseParkinson's diseaseand more. Antioxidants counter the damage caused by free radicals. Therefore, they protect your cells and help prevent disease. To increase your overall antioxidant intake, eat a diet with a wide array of plants, including vegetables, fruits, nuts, fungi, whole grains, legumes, herbs, spices, even edible flowers. Here are 12 of the top sources of antioxidants, how they benefit your health, and simple ways to add them to your diet.

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Antioxidants - What You Need To Know