Body volume assessment method -
de Moraes et al. The authors concluded that research with adolescents considering phase angle should use multilevel modeling with standardized parameters as default to adjust for the concurrent influence of sex, age, maturity status, and body size. Using anthropometric measurements, such as body mass, height, body circumferences, and indices based on these and other measures derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis constitutes a tool for risk screening for adverse health conditions throughout life 13 , These measurements or indices may be associated with arterial properties and variations Gómez-García et al.
In this Research Topic, five articles performed interventions to analyze different outcomes. Sheikholeslami-Vatani and Rostamzadeh investigated the effect of 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training and vitamin D3 supplementation on changes in appetite-dependent hormones and body composition in sedentary overweight men, finding satisfactory results.
In the study by Lazzer et al. They carried out a randomized controlled trial to test the effects of aquatic resistance training and dietary education on health indicators in older women, including body composition. The results suggest that older women who practice regular and programmed underwater resistance training, among other benefits, have improved body composition variables smaller fat compartments and greater muscle mass.
Another randomized controlled trial aimed to verify the impacts of water supplementation on body composition indices in young adults after a h overnight fast to determine the ideal volume of water to improve body water composition.
Among other findings, the authors concluded that mL was the minimum volume capable of improving the distribution of water content among the participants of this study Zhang et al.
And finally, studying preterm-born preschoolers with very low birth weight, Fernandes et al. verified the impact of a continuous early home-based intervention program on body composition.
The study showed that an early intervention protocol from the newborn intensive care unit NICU to a home program performed by mothers of preterm with very low birth weight VLBW children from low-income families has a small effect on fat-free mass.
As mentioned, this Research Topic also published a systematic review and meta-analysis that surveyed diagnostic studies to identify the optimal cutoff value for the waist-to-height ratio WHtR to predict central obesity in children and adolescents.
The 12 articles included in the meta-analysis led to the conclusion that 0. In summary, the results of the studies and the review in this volume bring a substantial amount of relevant data on body composition assessment techniques in their different uses.
Thus, these manuscripts contribute to a better understanding and better using different techniques for estimating body components in clinical and field situations to optimize dietary and physical exercise programs. All authors participated in the elaboration, writing, revision and approval of the final document of this editorial.
We thank all the authors who submitted their manuscripts to this Research Topic, contributing substantially to the production of knowledge in the field of Body Composition Assessment.
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers.
Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. Campa F, Toselli S, Mazzilli M, Gobbo LA, Coratella G.
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Search Menu. Article Navigation. Close mobile search navigation Article Navigation. Volume Article Contents ABSTRACT. Lay Summary. KEY MESSAGES. CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT. Journal Article. Inferior vena cava ultrasound and other techniques for assessment of intravascular and extravascular volume: an update.
Elaine M Kaptein , Elaine M Kaptein. Departments of Medicine, Divisions of Nephrology, University of Southern California. Correspondence to: Elaine M. Kaptein; E-mail: elaine. kaptein gmail. com ; ekaptein usc.
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ABSTRACT Goals of volume management are to accurately assess intravascular and extravascular volume and predict response to volume administration, vasopressor support or volume removal. Data are reviewed that support the following: i Dynamic parameters reliably guide volume administration and may improve clinical outcomes compared with static parameters, but some are invasive or only validated with mechanical ventilation without spontaneous breathing.
viii IVC ultrasound has limitations including inadequate visualization. Lay Summary It is important and challenging to differentiate which unstable patients would most likely benefit from volume administration, medicines to raise the blood pressure but not additional volume administration or volume removal.
deresuscitation , inferior vena cava ultrasound , intravascular volume , volume overload , volume responsiveness. Table 1: Mismatch between intravascular volume and blood pressure or extravascular volume.
States in which blood pressure is not primarily determined by intravascular volume. Open in new tab. Table 2: Intravascular volume assessment and volume responsiveness classification. Hypovolemia vs not hypovolemia—volume responsive or not? Hypervolemia vs not hypervolemia—volume overloaded or not?
Only validated with MV, and no spontaneous breathing, and no cardiac arrhythmias [ 6 ]Limited dataNon-invasive. Only validated with MV, and no spontaneous breathing, and no cardiac arrhythmias [ 6 ]Non-invasive.
a Changes in carotid artery blood flow after a volume bolus correlate strongly with an increase of stroke volume index or cardiac output [ 8 , 9 ]. Figure Open in new tab Download slide. Table 3: Comparison of IVC CI to predict volume responsiveness in mechanically ventilated and spontaneously breathing patients.
Level of evidence c. Number of studies. Number of patients. Mechanical ventilation Meta-analysis 5 16 74 85 Kim [ 25 ] a Mechanical ventilation Pooled individual study data b 11 71 81 Spontaneous breathing Meta-analysis 5 12 76 81 Kim [ 25 ] a Spontaneous breathing Pooled individual study data b 8 70 87 Standardized breathing Preau [ 30 ] 4 3 89 92 Bortolotti [ 31 ] 4 Caplan [ 32 ] 4.
a The meta-analysis by Kim et al. b Individual studies from four meta-analyses by Orso et al. c Supplementary data, Table S1. Table 4: IVC CI to predict hypotension with anesthesia induction.
Level of evidence a. Type of anesthesia. Area under the ROC. a Supplementary data, Table S1. Table 5: Subclavian vein collapsibility index cut-offs at 30—45 degrees supine which predict IVC CI cut-offs. N pairs. Table 6: Comparison of IJV CI versus IVC CI to predict volume responsiveness or post-anesthesia hypotension.
Level of evidence b. N pts. Target goal. Patient position. a Percent positive for target goal. b Supplementary data, Table S1. Table 7: Interpretation of IVC ultrasound diameters adapted from American Society of Echocardiography guidelines [ 75 ].
IVCmax diameter. IVC CI. Approximate RAP. We apply this concept also to patients who are not mechanically ventilated. Table 8: Proposed approach to volume assessment of patients with hypotonic hyponatremia. Hypotonic hyponatremia. Extravascular volume assessed by ultrasound No B-lines on LUSNo ascites, pleural or peritoneal fluidNo subcutaneous edema a No B-lines on LUSNo ascites, pleural or peritoneal fluidNo subcutaneous edema a B-lines on LUS, orAscites, pleural or peritoneal fluid, orSubcutaneous edema a B-lines on LUS, orAscites, pleural or peritoneal fluid, orSubcutaneous edema a Intravascular volume assessed by ultrasound Decreased Normal or increased Normal or increased Decreased Cause Renal or extra-renal loss Hypothyroid, hypoadrenal, hypopituitary, SIAD Nephrosis, cirrhosis, heart failure Nephrosis, cirrhosis or heart failure Plus renal or extra-renal losses.
a Detection of subcutaneous edema is more sensitive by ultrasound than by physical examination [ 87 ]. Table 9: Ultrasound to differentiate the types of shock RUSH protocol. Rapid Ultrasound in Shock RUSH protocol: ultrasonographic findings seen with classic shock states.
RUSH evaluation. Hypovolemic shock. Cardiogenic shock. Obstructive shock. Distributive shock. Pump Hypercontractile heartSmall chamber size Hypocontractile heartDilated heart Hypercontractile heartPericardial effusionCardiac tamponadeRight ventricular strainCardiac thrombus Hypercontractile heart early sepsis Hypocontractile heart late sepsis Tank Flat IVCFlat jugular veinsPeritoneal fluid fluid loss Pleural fluid fluid loss Distended IVCDistended jugular veinsLung rockets pulmonary edema Pleural fluidPeritoneal fluid Distended IVCDistended jugular veinsAbsent lung sliding pneumothorax Normal or small IVC early sepsis Peritoneal fluid sepsis source Pleural fluid sepsis source Pipes Abdominal aneurysmAortic dissection Normal Deep vein thrombosis Normal.
Table Factors that affect IVC diameter or collapsibility. Decreased pressure changes. Decreased IVV during procedure which increases after blood is returned. Factors that limit IVC visualization by ultrasound. Google Scholar Crossref.
Search ADS. Google Scholar PubMed. OpenURL Placeholder Text. Google Scholar OpenURL Placeholder Text. Arun Thomas. da Hora Passos. La Via. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the ERA.
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