Blood sugar control and cardiovascular health -
Your body uses insulin to break down and control how much sugar is in your blood. Sugar glucose is a major source of energy for the cells in your tissue, muscles, heart and brain.
If your body is unable to break down the sugar it needs for energy, you will have too much glucose and that can damage organs and blood vessels.
Diabetes increases the risk of high blood pressure, narrowing of the arteries atherosclerosis , coronary artery disease and stroke. So if you are a person with diabetes, you have a higher risk of developing heart disease and stroke. You are also at risk of developing them at an earlier age.
Women with diabetes have an even greater risk for heart disease. It is unclear what causes type 1 diabetes. What is known is that your immune system attacks cells in your pancreas. There is thought to be a link between diabetes, genetics and environmental factors. There is a strong link between being overweight and type 2 diabetes.
Genetic and environmental factors may also play a role. Having gestational diabetes increases the risk of the mother and child developing diabetes later in life. Having a family member with diabetes puts you at risk for both types.
If you have diabetes, encourage your family members to get tested. The definite risk factors for type 1 diabetes are not known. But having a family member with type 1 diabetes increases your risk for developing it.
There are several risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Many of these are also risk factors for heart disease, stroke and other chronic conditions. They include:. Symptoms for type 1 diabetes usually develop suddenly and quickly.
Type 2 symptoms develop more slowly. If you have type 2 diabetes, you may not have any symptoms at all. Your doctor will diagnose diabetes after reviewing your symptoms, taking a medical history and giving you a complete physical exam.
Tests will be done to measure glucose levels in your blood. The A1C test measures glucose and reflects your average blood sugar levels over the past months. If the A1C test is not available or you are unable to take this test for any reason like pregnancy , you may be asked to take one of the following tests:.
Managing your diabetes is important to prevent heart disease and stroke. Treatment for diabetes may include medication and lifestyle changes.
You and your doctor will discuss the treatment options and decide which is best for you. Insulin Insulin therapy is required for the treatment of type 1 diabetes.
Studies have shown that by achieving good control of these cardiovascular risk factors, people not only significantly improve quality of life, but most importantly prolong their lives by an average of eight years. Fortunately, the recommendations for self-management behaviors generally align for the two conditions.
This can make teaching self-care skills a bit easier for clinicians managing both diseases. However, controlling both conditions requires significant effort by the patient and the health care team. The recent development of cardiac imaging techniques, such as advanced echocardiography, cardiac CT and cardiac MRI, brings hope that medical professionals will be able to detect diabetic heart disease earlier and prevent its serious consequences.
Thanks to those innovative imaging techniques, it's understood that heart disease in people with diabetes progresses rapidly if not managed with well-established preventive treatments. Ongoing research is using advanced medical imaging to study why the hearts of people with diabetes suffer more extensive injury after heart attacks and why those with diabetes develop heart failure more often than people with normal glucose control.
As everyone responds to medication differently, work is underway at Mayo Clinic to review large sets of data and artificial intelligence to identify people with diabetes who may respond better to certain treatments.
The goal is to offer people with diabetes personalized therapeutic plans to manage their heart health risk. Heart disease and diabetes are chronic conditions that in most cases cannot be cured, but thanks to new therapeutic options your risk of developing heart problems may be reduced.
With proper guidance and management from your diabetes care team and heart health experts, you can go on to have a productive and more healthy quality of life. Malgorzata Gosia Wamil , Cardiovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic Healthcare , London.
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Over time, high blood sugar can damage blood vessels and the nerves that control your heart. People with diabetes are also more likely to have other conditions that raise the risk for heart disease:.
None of these conditions has symptoms. Your doctor can check your blood pressure and do a simple blood test to see if your LDL, HDL, and triglyceride levels are high.
People with diabetes are also more likely to have heart failure. This can lead to swelling in your legs and fluid building up in your lungs, making it hard to breathe. Heart failure tends to get worse over time, but early diagnosis and treatment can help relieve symptoms and stop or delay the condition getting worse.
Your blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and weight will help your doctor understand your overall risk for heart disease. Your doctor may also recommend other tests to check your heart health, which could include:.
These lifestyle changes can help lower your risk for heart disease or keep it from getting worse, as well as help you manage diabetes:. Your doctor may also prescribe medicines that can help keep your blood sugar, blood pressure, cholesterol, and triglycerides close to your target levels.
Work with a diabetes care and education specialist for help avoiding health complications such as heart disease.
Find out more about how diabetes education can help you take the best care of yourself. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Español Other Languages.
Diabetes and Your Heart.
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