Non-prescription slimming pills -
For a detailed description of the survey methods and quality control indexes, see Nelson et al. Respondents were first prompted by the following statement: "Now we would like you to tell us about any over-the-counter products such as pills, powders, or liquids, you have taken to lose weight. That is, products you do not need a prescription to purchase.
Herbal fen-phen also known as natural fen-phen, or fen-fuel? Acutrim or Dexatrim? John's wort? Or other? One state Michigan asked the respondent to specify the product name or type when an "other" nonprescription product was taken.
Respondents were asked to report their current height and weight without shoes. Each respondent's body mass index BMI was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
Respondents were also asked about the frequency and duration in the previous month of their 2 most frequent leisure-time physical activities. Both physical activity and fruit and vegetable questions were used to determine whether respondents were meeting national recommendations of 5 or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day and 30 minutes or more of physical activity 5 or more times per week.
Do not include water pills or thyroid medications. Three respondents were excluded because they reported weight, height, or BMI outside the minimum and maximum reference values of measured weight, height, and BMI by sex from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey NHANES III , The final analytical sample was 14 The BRFSS uses a stratified random sample approach and the data are weighted for age, race, and sex prior to data analysis.
This weighting allows for inference to the state population. To account for the complex sampling design, we used SUDAAN for the primary analysis. Biologically relevant 2-way interaction terms were evaluated, eg, BMI × age, BMI × sex.
No collinearity was observed. More than half of the respondents were women Table 1. The majority of all respondents were non-Hispanic white. Slightly more than half had at least some college education and most were older than 35 years. Less than half of the participants were normal weight, one third were overweight, and one fifth were obese.
Approximately one third reported they were currently trying to lose weight, and one third reported they were currently trying to maintain weight. Seven percent of the respondents reported using at least 1 nonprescription weight loss product during the previous 2 years Table 2.
Women and younger adults were significantly more likely to be users, whereas there was no difference in use by ethnicity. People with at least a high school diploma were also more likely to report using nonprescription products than those with less education.
Nonprescription product use increased significantly with increasing BMI. Nonprescription product use was common among obese women of all ethnic groups 18 to 34 years of age Nonprescription product use was also common among those who reported they were trying to lose weight We found that some respondents who at the time of the survey were not overweight or obese also reported taking nonprescription products in the past 2 years overall, 5.
Of those who took any prescription weight loss product in the previous 2 years, over one third reported also using nonprescription products.
In relation to lifestyle choices, there was no consistent difference in nonprescription product use by daily fruit and vegetable consumption; however, those who reported at least some physical activity were more likely than inactive respondents to report using nonprescription products.
We also assessed the prevalence of specific types of nonprescription weight loss products, specifically ephedra and PPA products, by select demographic characteristics and lifestyle choices Table 3.
Multivariate logistic regression results for specific nonprescription product use were generally similar to those for overall nonprescription product use, but the magnitude of the association measure differed for some relationships. For example, women were almost 9 times more likely than men to report use of a PPA weight loss product and prescription pill users were 9 times more likely than nonusers to have also taken ephedra products.
Because of possible safety issues, we also assessed use of nonprescription products among persons who reported physician-diagnosed diabetes. Among the people with diabetes, 5.
Extrapolated nationally, we estimate that during through , approximately Overall use was common among women, especially young obese women, over one quarter of whom reported use.
Our data are generally supported by a nationally representative study of persons trying to lose weight. Although our data included liquid or powder meal-replacement products, we did not have specific information on the use of diuretics or laxatives.
Recently, questions were raised regarding the safety of PPA and ephedra. Between June and March , the FDA received reports of adverse events among users of ephedra products.
Under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, the burden of proof for establishing that dietary supplements are unsafe falls to the FDA rather than to the manufacturer. As a synthetic ephedrine alkaloid, PPA is not regulated as a dietary supplement but as an OTC drug.
In November , the FDA's Nonprescription Drugs Advisory Committee concluded that PPA was associated with hemorrhagic stroke and recommended that PPA not be considered safe for OTC use. The committee recommended removal of all OTC PPA products from the market.
Health care professionals need to know about their patients' use of both prescription and nonprescription weight loss products. In our study, over one third of women users of prescription pills and one tenth of men users also reported taking nonprescription products at some time during the 2-year time period.
In fact, prescription pill users were 9 times more likely than nonusers to have also taken ephedra products in the 2-year period and twice as likely to have taken PPA products. Our survey did not collect information as to whether the products were taken serially or simultaneously; the dose, duration, or frequency; prior use of these products; or whether users of nonprescription weight loss products told their physicians.
It is important for physicians to know if multiple weight loss products are being taken at the same time, as there is a possibility for herb-drug and drug-drug interactions.
Dietary supplements and alternative therapies are a particular challenge for physicians. Many patients do not inform their physicians about their use of these products.
In this group of individuals, use of these products may result in adverse effects, 5 , 9 , 25 especially if uncontrolled hypertension is present. We did not have data for nonprescription weight loss product use in persons who have other weight-related health conditions such as hypertension and heart disease.
Use of ephedra and PPA products may put these individuals at risk for adverse health events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. We found little evidence to support the speculation that nonprescription product users are less likely to change their lifestyle compared with nonusers.
There was no difference in nonprescription product use by fruit and vegetable consumption, but nonprescription product users were less likely to be sedentary than non-nonprescription product users. However, the proportion meeting the national recommendations for physical activity was similar for both groups.
Our analysis is limited in that respondents were asked about any use of nonprescription and prescription weight loss products in the past 2 years, whereas they were asked about current weight and height, usual fruit and vegetable consumption, and previous month leisure-time physical activity.
We were not able to verify the actual product s taken from the BRFSS. There are 2 potential effects on our prevalence estimates that cannot be confirmed. Some respondents may have not been aware that they were taking ephedra products and thus underreported their intakes.
To the contrary, it is also possible that some respondents took an herbal fen-phenlike product that did not contain ephedra and thus overreported ephedra use.
Since obesity is a chronic disease it is possible that individuals may use nonprescription products to maintain weight loss; however, use of these products by normal-weight individuals could expose them to risks for which there are no counterbalancing benefits.
Our survey did not collect information on whether the respondent experienced adverse effects from the nonprescription product or whether weight loss or weight maintenance was achieved.
Although respondents were asked about whether they were currently trying to lose or maintain weight, they were not asked about the current type of diet or current weight loss product they were taking. Providing appropriate science-based advice will be a challenge for health care professionals because of the increasing variety of nonprescription products on the market and the lack of methodologically sound efficacy studies.
With this increase comes a greater need for health care professionals to take an active role in educating themselves to help their patients make appropriate choices.
full text icon Full Text. Download PDF Top of Article Abstract Methods Results Comment References. Table 1. Table 2. Prevalence of Any Use of Nonprescription Weight Loss Products in the Previous 2 Years, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System View Large Download. Table 3. Prevalence of Any Use of Ephedra and Phenylpropanolamine Weight Loss Products in the Previous 2 Years, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System View Large Download.
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Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials with non-prescription medications for the treatment of obesity.
Obes Res. Pentel P. Toxicity of over-the-counter stimulants. Author: Healthwise Staff Medical Review: E. Gregory Thompson MD - Internal Medicine Kathleen Romito MD - Family Medicine Martin J. Gabica MD - Family Medicine Theresa O'Young PharmD - Clinical Pharmacy. Author: Healthwise Staff. Medical Review: E.
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Main Content Related to Conditions Teen Health Weight Management Young-Adult Health. Important Phone Numbers. Topic Contents Overview Related Information Credits. Top of the page. Overview Many over-the-counter products for weight loss are available at drugstores, at supermarkets, and online.
These products include: Appetite suppressants. These medicines often work by making you less hungry. Water-loss pills. Risks of taking over-the-counter weight-loss products The risks of taking over-the-counter weight-loss products depend on which ones you take.
Blanck Non-prescdiptionNon-presciption LKSerdula Non-prescription slimming pills. Use of Nonprescription Weight Loss Products : Results Non-prescriptikn a DIY natural beauty recipes Survey. Author Affiliations: Division of Nutrition and Optimize gut function Activity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention Npn-prescription Health Promotion Drs Non-prescription slimming pills, Khan, Optimize gut function Serdula Non-presccription, and Epidemic Intelligence Service, Division of Applied Non-presription Health Training, Epidemiology Program Office Dr BlanckCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Context Lifestyle changes to lose weight can be difficult; hence, both prescription and nonprescription diet products are appealing. Usage patterns of the nonprescription products phenylpropanolamine PPA and ephedra are of particular interest because of recent safety concerns. Objective To estimate the prevalence of overall and specific nonprescription weight loss product use by demographic characteristics, prescription diet pill use, diabetic status, and lifestyle choices. Design and Setting The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a random-digit telephone survey conducted in in 5 states: Florida, Iowa, Michigan, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. Make sure you know Non-lrescription each Low-carb and mental clarity the medicines you take. This includes why you take Non-prescri;tion, how to ;ills it, Optimize gut function you can expect while you're taking it, and any warnings about the medicine. The information provided here is general. So be sure to read the information that came with your medicine. If you have any questions or concerns, talk to your pharmacist, doctor, or nurse practitioner.
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