Yano JM, Yu K, Liiver GP, Shastri GG, Ann P, Ma L, et al. ChREBP, but not LXRs, Energy metabolism and liver function required for the induction livrr Flaxseeds for enhancing mood and mental wellbeing genes in Emergy liver. Cell Pre and post-workout nutrition 96 : — Central 5-HT signaling increases energy expenditure via the induction of thermogenic activity in brown adipose tissue BAT [ 14 ]. Journal of Molecular Medicine-Jmm, Rent this article via DeepDyve. Re-expression of miRa in Crtc2 LKO led to the reduction of both proteins, while co-expression of miRa and Fgf21 restored hepatic Fgf21 protein levels but not Pparα protein levels.

Video

Liver Functions The liver has a central role in the regulation of systemic glucose and Probiotic Foods for Men fluxes during feeding Energy metabolism and liver function fasting and also relies on these substrates for functtion own energy needs. Nutrient density guide parallel requirements are met by Enegy control Enfrgy carbohydrate and lipid fluxes runction Energy metabolism and liver function out of metabolidm Krebs cycle, which is metabolksm tuned to nutrient Energgy and heavily regulated by insulin and glucagon. During progression of type 2 diabetes, hepatic carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis fluxes become elevated, thus contributing to hyperglycaemia and hypertriacylglycerolaemia. Over this interval there are also significant fluctuations in hepatic energy state. To date, it is not known to what extent abnormal glucose and lipid fluxes are causally linked to altered energy states. Recent evidence that the glucose-lowering effects of metformin appear to be mediated by attenuation of hepatic energy generation places an additional spotlight on the interdependence of hepatic biosynthetic and oxidative fluxes. The transition from fasting to feeding results in a significant re-direction of hepatic glucose and lipid fluxes and may also incur a temporary hepatic energy deficit.

Energy metabolism and liver function -

Article Google Scholar. Delgado TC, Pinheiro D, Caldeira M et al Sources of hepatic triglyceride accumulation during high-fat feeding in the healthy rat. NMR Biomed — Donnelly KL, Smith CI, Schwarzenberg SJ, Jessurun J, Boldt MD, Parks EJ Sources of fatty acids stored in liver and secreted via lipoproteins in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

J Clin Investig — Diraison F, Moulin P, Beylot M Contribution of hepatic de novo lipogenesis and reesterification of plasma non esterified fatty acids to plasma triglyceride synthesis during non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Diabetes Metab — Parks EJ, Skokan LE, Timlin MT, Dingfelder CS Dietary sugars stimulate fatty acid synthesis in adults.

J Nutr — CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar. Faeh D, Minehira K, Schwarz JM, Periasami R, Seongsu P, Tappy L Effect of fructose overfeeding and fish oil administration on hepatic de novo lipogenesis and insulin sensitivity in healthy men.

Diabetes — Schwarz J-M, Noworolski SM, Wen MJ et al Effect of a high-fructose weight-maintaining diet on lipogenesis and liver fat. J Clin Endocrinol Metab — Alves TC, Befroy DE, Kibbey RG et al Regulation of hepatic fat and glucose oxidation in rats with lipid-induced hepatic insulin resistance.

Knowles SE, Jarrett IG, Filsell OH, Ballard FJ Production and utilization of acetate in mammals. Sone H, Shimano H, Sakakura Y et al Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase is a lipogenic enzyme controlled by SREBP-1 and energy status. Vos MB Nutrition, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the microbiome: recent progress in the field.

Curr Opin Lipidol — De Vadder F, Kovatcheva-Datchary P, Goncalves D et al Microbiota-generated metabolites promote metabolic benefits via gut-brain neural circuits. Cell — Article PubMed Google Scholar.

Download references. Metabolic Control Group, Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, , Cantanhede, Portugal. APDP-Diabetes Portugal-Education and Research Center APDP-ERC , Lisbon, Portugal.

You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to John G. Reprints and permissions. Jones, J. Hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. Diabetologia 59 , — Download citation.

Received : 03 November Accepted : 23 February Published : 05 April Issue Date : June Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative.

Download PDF. Abstract The liver has a central role in the regulation of systemic glucose and lipid fluxes during feeding and fasting and also relies on these substrates for its own energy needs.

Glucose transporters in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle in metabolic health and disease Article Open access 26 June The mechanisms of action of metformin Article Open access 03 August Tcf7l2 in hepatocytes regulates de novo lipogenesis in diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice Article Open access 10 February Use our pre-submission checklist Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.

Relationship between hepatic glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism As the major site in the body for carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, the liver has a central role in the regulation of systemic glucose and lipid fluxes during feeding and fasting.

Hepatic Krebs cycle as the central link for carbohydrate, lipid and energy metabolism The liver has the capacity to sustain high rates of both carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis. Measuring hepatic Krebs cycle fluxes under basal fasting conditions The hepatic Krebs cycle is of high importance in both the manifestation of abnormal hepatic glucose and lipid fluxes and as a target for therapeutic interventions.

Full size image. Hepatic carbohydrate, lipid and Krebs cycle fluxes in the fed state The fed state presents a more complex and perhaps more challenging setting for hepatic control of glucose, lipid and energy metabolism.

Abbreviations NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease PC: Pyruvate carboxylase PDH: Pyruvate dehydrogenase SCFA: Short-chain fatty acid.

References Koliaki C, Roden M Hepatic energy metabolism in human diabetes mellitus, obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Mol Cell Endocrinol —42 Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Magnusson I, Schumann WC, Bartsch GE et al Noninvasive tracing of Krebs cycle metabolism in liver.

J Biol Chem — CAS PubMed Google Scholar Diraison F, Large V, Brunengraber H, Beylot M Non-invasive tracing of liver intermediary metabolism in normal subjects and in moderately hyperglycaemic NIDDM subjects. Diabetologia — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Large V, Brunengraber H, Odeon M, Beylot M Use of labeling pattern of liver glutamate to calculate rates of citric acid cycle and gluconeogenesis.

Am J Physiol E51—E58 CAS PubMed Google Scholar Sunny NE, Parks EJ, Browning JD, Burgess SC Excessive hepatic mitochondrial TCA cycle and gluconeogenesis in humans with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Cell Metab — Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Jin ES, Burgess SC, Merritt ME, Sherry AD, Malloy CR Differing mechanisms of hepatic glucose overproduction in triiodothyronine-treated rats vs Zucker diabetic fatty rats by NMR analysis of plasma glucose. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab E—E Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Burgess SC, Jeffrey FMH, Storey C et al Effect of murine strain on metabolic pathways of glucose production after brief or prolonged fasting.

Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab E53—E61 Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Jones JG, Solomon MA, Cole SM, Sherry AD, Malloy CR An integrated 2 H and 13 C NMR study of gluconeogenesis and TCA cycle flux in humans.

Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab E—E CAS PubMed Google Scholar Jones JG, Solomon MA, Sherry AD, Jeffrey FMH, Malloy CR 13 C NMR measurements of human gluconeogenic fluxes after ingestion of [U- 13 C]propionate, phenylacetate, and acetaminophen.

Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab E—E CAS Google Scholar Satapati S, Sunny NE, Kucejova B et al Elevated TCA cycle function in the pathology of diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance and fatty liver. J Lipid Res — Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Madiraju AK, Erion DM, Rahimi Y et al Metformin suppresses gluconeogenesis by inhibiting mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase.

Nature — Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Bridges HR, Jones AJY, Pollak MN, Hirst J Effects of metformin and other biguanides on oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria.

Biochem J — Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Tao H, Zhang Y, Zeng X, Shulman GI, Jin S Niclosamide ethanolamine-induced mild mitochondrial uncoupling improves diabetic symptoms in mice.

Nat Med — Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Perry RJ, Zhang D, Zhang X-M, Boyer JL, Shulman GI Controlled-release mitochondrial protonophore reverses diabetes and steatohepatitis in rats. Science — Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Landau BR, Schumann WC, Chandramouli V, Magnusson I, Kumaran K, Wahren J 14 C-labeled propionate metabolism in vivo and estimates of hepatic gluconeogenesis relative to Krebs cycle flux.

Am J Physiol E—E CAS PubMed Google Scholar Esenmo E, Chandramouli V, Schumann WC, Kumaran K, Wahren J, Landau BR Use of 14 CO 2 in estimating rates of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Am J Physiol E36—E41 CAS PubMed Google Scholar Schumann WC, Magnusson I, Chandramouli V, Kumaran K, Wahren J, Landau BR Metabolism of [2- 14 C]acetate and its use in assessing hepatic Krebs cycle activity and gluconeogenesis.

J Biol Chem — CAS PubMed Google Scholar Iozzo P, Bucci M, Roivainen A et al Fatty acid metabolism in the liver, measured by positron emission tomography, is increased in obese individuals. Gastroenterology — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Vogt JA, Yarmush DM, Yu YM et al TCA cycle flux estimates from NMR- and GC-MS-determined 13 C glutamate isotopomers in liver.

Am J Phys C—C CAS Google Scholar Jucker BM, Lee JY, Shulman RG In vivo 13 C NMR measurements of hepatocellular tricarboxylic acid cycle flux. J Biol Chem — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Befroy DE, Perry RJ, Jain N et al Direct assessment of hepatic mitochondrial oxidative and anaplerotic fluxes in humans using dynamic 13 C magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Nat Med — Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Diraison F, Large V, Maugeais C, Krempf M, Beylot M Noninvasive tracing of human liver metabolism: comparison of phenylacetate and apoB to sample glutamine. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab E—E CAS Google Scholar Yang DW, Previs SF, Fernandez CA et al Noninvasive probing of citric acid cycle intermediates in primate liver with phenylacetylglutamine.

Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab E—E CAS Google Scholar Weis BC, Margolis D, Burgess SC et al Glucose production pathways by 2 H and 13 C NMR in patients with HIV-associated lipoatrophy. Magn Reson Med — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Sunny NE, Kalavalapalli S, Bril F et al Cross-talk between branched-chain amino acids and hepatic mitochondria is compromised in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab E—E Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Szendroedi J, Chmelik M, Schmid AI et al Abnormal hepatic energy homeostasis in type 2 diabetes. Hepatology — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Randle PJ Regulatory interactions between lipids and carbohydrates: the glucose fatty acid cycle after 35 years.

Diabetes Metab Rev — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Soares AF, Viega FJ, Carvalho RA, Jones JG Quantifying hepatic glycogen synthesis by direct and indirect pathways in rats under normal ad libitum feeding conditions.

Magn Reson Med —5 Soares AF, Carvalho RA, Veiga FJ et al Restoration of direct pathway glycogen synthesis flux in the STZ-diabetes rat model by insulin administration. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab E—E Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Delgado TC, Barosa C, Nunes PM, Cerdan S, Geraldes CFGC, Jones JG Resolving the sources of plasma glucose excursions following a glucose tolerance test in the rat with deuterated water and [U- 13 C]glucose.

PLoS ONE 7, e Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Delgado TC, Martins FO, Carvalho F et al 2 H enrichment distribution of hepatic glycogen from 2 H 2 O reveals the contribution of dietary fructose to glycogen synthesis.

Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab E—E Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Lee JJ, Lambert JE, Hovhannisyan Y et al Palmitoleic acid is elevated in fatty liver disease and reflects hepatic lipogenesis. Am J Clin Nutr —43 Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Diraison F, Pachiaudi C, Beylot M Measuring lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis in humans with deuterated water: use of simple gas chromatographic mass spectrometric techniques.

J Mass Spectrom —86 Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Diraison F, Pachiaudi C, Beylot M In vivo measurement of plasma cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis with deuterated water: determination of the average number of deuterium atoms incorporated.

Metab: Clin Exp — Article CAS Google Scholar Parks EJ, Hellerstein MK Recent advances in liver triacylglycerol and fatty acid metabolism using stable isotope labeling techniques. J Lipid Res — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Duarte JAG, Carvalho F, Pearson M et al A high-fat diet suppresses de novo lipogenesis and desaturation but not elongation and triglyceride synthesis in mice.

Two important examples of these abilities are:. Few aspects of lipid metabolism are unique to the liver, but many are carried out predominantly by the liver. Major examples of the role of the liver in fat metabolism include:. Biliary Excretion of Waste Products: Elimination of Bilirubin.

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative.

Abstract Energy metabolism in liver has to cope with the special tasks of this organ in intermediary metabolism. Access this article Log in via an institution.

References Agius, L. PubMed Google Scholar Akerboom, T. PubMed Google Scholar Berry, M. PubMed Google Scholar Bienfait, H. PubMed Google Scholar Brand, M. PubMed Google Scholar Brauser, B. Google Scholar Brown, G. PubMed Google Scholar Brown, G.

PubMed Google Scholar Caplan, S. PubMed Google Scholar Chan, S. PubMed Google Scholar Dransfield, D. PubMed Google Scholar Duszynski, J. PubMed Google Scholar Gankema, H. PubMed Google Scholar Gnaiger, E. Google Scholar Gregory, R. PubMed Google Scholar Groen, A. PubMed Google Scholar Harper, M.

PubMed Google Scholar Häussinger, D. PubMed Google Scholar Hebisch, S. PubMed Google Scholar Heinrich, R. PubMed Google Scholar Hoch, F. PubMed Google Scholar Hummerich, H. PubMed Google Scholar Iles, R.

PubMed Google Scholar Ji, S. Google Scholar Jones, D. Google Scholar Jonston, J. PubMed Google Scholar Joseph, S. PubMed Google Scholar Jungermann, K. Google Scholar Kacser, H. Google Scholar Kauppinen, R. PubMed Google Scholar Kekonen, E.

PubMed Google Scholar Kimig, R. PubMed Google Scholar Klingenberg, E. Google Scholar Kobayashi H. PubMed Google Scholar Kramer, R. PubMed Google Scholar Krebs, H. Google Scholar Kröhnke, D. PubMed Google Scholar Lehninger, A.

PubMed Google Scholar Luvisetto, J. PubMed Google Scholar McCormack, J. PubMed Google Scholar Mörikofer-Zwez, S.

PubMed Google Scholar Moreno-Sanchez, R. PubMed Google Scholar Müller, M. PubMed Google Scholar Nauck, M. PubMed Google Scholar Newsholme, E. PubMed Google Scholar Philips, J. PubMed Google Scholar Pietrobon, D. PubMed Google Scholar Pryor, H. PubMed Google Scholar Rottenberg, H. PubMed Google Scholar Scholz, R.

PubMed Google Scholar Schwenke, W. PubMed Google Scholar Seitz, H. PubMed Google Scholar Shug, A. PubMed Google Scholar Sies, H. Google Scholar Sies, H. Google Scholar Siess, E. PubMed Google Scholar Siess, E. PubMed Google Scholar Söling, H.

Google Scholar Soboll, S. PubMed Google Scholar Soboll, S. PubMed Google Scholar Stucki, J. PubMed Google Scholar Sugano, T.

Energy metabolism in liver has to Fjnction with the special tasks of this Energu in intermediary Natural remedies. Main ATP-generating processes in anx liver cell are the respiratory chain and glycolysis, whereas main ATP-consuming processes are gluconeogenesis, urea synthesis, protein synthesis, ATPases and mitochondrial proton leak. This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access. Rent this article via DeepDyve. Institutional subscriptions. Agius, L.