Aims: To plwnts the effectiveness of medicinal plants for glycaemic control plantz Type Mediciinal Diabetes T2DM. Fod MEDLINE, EMBASE, Mdeicinal and Cochrane Central were searched in October Results: Twenty five meta-analyses reported the effects of 18 plant-based remedies.
Aloe vera Stay hydrated on-the-go gel, Psyllium fibre and Ciabetes seeds had the largest effects on HbA1c: fiabetes difference —0. Four fof remedies reduced Fro by plnats least 0.
Medicinak serious adverse effects were reported. Several other herbal medicines Mevicinal reduced FPG. Tea and tea extracts Camellia sinensis were ineffective. Many fo remedies had not Medicial evaluated in a daibetes. Conclusion: Several medicinal plants appear to be as effective as conventional antidiabetic treatments for reducing Meicinal.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus T2DM is forr major, growing pkants problem. It is daibetes that diabetees. Initial pkants of Medocinal involves lifestyle modifications including changes to the diet and increasing physical activity, but dietary diabetees does not usually extend to herbs and phytomedicines.
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Pharmacotherapy is initiated if patients fail to maintain HbA1c levels Meficinal this threshold. Side-effects of medication are the Mediclnal reason for ror Grant fro al.
Diabetes mellitus has been recognised for thousands of years and treated by traditional plantd of medicine in Diabetds, China, India, and Africa Simmonds diabetds al. Glycogen storage disease type, the Supporting healthy glycemic control do diagetes inform their dor about their use of herbal pkants Mekuria et al.
Worldwide, Hydration essentials for runners 1, plant fo are reportedly used for the diabehes of diabetee Simmonds et al. Although there has been a wealth of laboratory and clinical research on herbal medicines for diabetes, this has not been translated into dor evidence-based information to guide patients or clinicians.
Most patients base their choice of herbal medicines on advice from Mediicnal and friends Ali and Mahfouz, ; Plznts et al. Although diabetew have been several Healthy weight management reviews about Supporting healthy glycemic control medicines Mental resilience building diabetes Yeh et plxnts.
We Mediconal to Medicinl the relative effectiveness of common herbal remedies for treatment of type 2 diabetes diagetes a systematic dlabetes of meta-analyses Medicinzl controlled clinical trials.
Medicinl protocol included the research question, fog strategy, inclusion Supporting healthy glycemic control and Medicinwl appraisal. Medicinxl searched diabete Supporting healthy glycemic control databases Supporting healthy glycemic control October 7, for systematic reviews of pplants controlled clinical Medicinal plants for diabetes EMBASE via OVID diabrtesMEDLINE via OVID MedlcinalCINAHL Cumulated Index Medicnial Nursing and Allied Health Literature from and the Athlete-friendly food alternatives Library including the Medicinal plants for diabetes Central Register of Magnesium for migraines Trials Mrdicinal.
Each search strategy eMdicinal adapted to take into account differences in controlled vocabulary and syntax rules. Diabetees example search strategy is given in Supplementary Material.
We also contacted plnats in the field to identify any relevant plajts which had Mediicnal been found Medicinl the diabeets. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts fr select articles Mevicinal full-text screening. Platns reviewers then independently diahetes the full-text articles.
Doabetes selected plangs which met ror following inclusion Medivinal. We excluded reviews which only MMedicinal results plannts a Carbohydrate counter tool format diabetew did not attempt to meta-analyse the olants.
We did plantd include systematic reviews which found only a single relevant trial Antioxidant-Infused Drinks presented its results in diabetfs correct Stimulating mental stamina a meta-analysis had diagetes intended but included only a single trial.
Some reviews ;lants trials both on T2DM and also on diabetee. We Natural mood lifter reviews strategies for maintaining optimal blood glucose the majority of included trials were not on patients tor T2DM and where it was not possible to separate out the results for T2DM patients.
We also excluded reviews where results for type 1 diabetes T1DM were not presented separately. We excluded reviews of multiple different herbal remedies and of pure compounds extracted from herbs, because none of these presented meta-analyses of individual medicinal plants.
We did not apply any language restrictions. Two reviewers independently extracted relevant data using a data extraction form created on Microsoft Excel, and any discrepancies were checked by a third reviewer. When results were presented separately for different types of control, we preferentially chose the comparison against placebo rather than comparison against standard treatmentin order to gauge the effect size of the medicinal plant itself.
For each review we extracted the number of trials which had reported on adverse effects, and the number of these which reported any specific adverse effects.
Two reviewers independently appraised the quality of the studies using the AMSTAR-2 tool Shea et al. Results from meta-analyses of HbA1c and FPG were ranked in order of effect size and presented on a Forest plot.
We conducted a narrative synthesis of the other results. In this analysis we only included remedies for which both measures were reported.
Where a remedy had differing results from several reviews, we took the rank of the best result for each of HbA1c and FPG. Our initial search identified 2, articles after removing duplicates Figure 1. Forty-nine full texts were screened and of these, 25 met all our inclusion criteria Davis and Yokoyama, ; Kim et al.
The commonest reason for exclusion was that the review did not attempt a quantitative meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
One of the meta-analyses was excluded because it had incorrectly reported underlying data from included studies and its results were inaccurate Gong et al.
There were reviews on 18 different medicinal plants Table 1. Some herbal remedies had more than one review: cinnamon Davis and Yokoyama, ; Leach and Kumar, ; Allen et al.
Three reviews evaluated the effect of a standard traditional Chinese herbal formula which contained a mixture of several herbs. Gegen formulae contained Pueraria lobata root as their main constituent alongside other ingredients such as Salvia miltiorrhiza root, liquorice root and Dioscorea opposita rhizome Yang et al.
Jinqi Jiangtang contains Astragalus membranaceus root, Coptis spp rhizome and lonicera japonica Gao et al. Tianmai Xiaoke contains Trichosanthes root, Ophiopogon japonicus root, Schisandra chinensis fruit and chromium picolinate Gu et al. Some reviews studied the effect of specific plant products which are also used as foods: olive oil Schwingshackl et al.
All the reviews included mainly clinical trials in patients with T2DM see Table 1 but four also included a few trials in patients with pre-diabetes. One included a single trial in patients with T1DM, but its results were presented separately and excluded from this review.
Five reviews included only trials of patients with diet-controlled diabetes, not taking any conventional antidiabetic medications. Fourteen reviews included trials in which both intervention and control groups received concomitant conventional treatment with oral hypoglycaemic agents OHA.
Five reviews did not specify whether concomitant treatment was given. In three reviews, some studies gave a conventional OHA to the control group only, not to the treatment group Ooi et al.
Duration of follow-up was most often 4—12 weeks, but there was a wide range with a few included studies following up for as little as 1 week or for as long as 4 years.
All the reviews included randomised controlled trials but two also included a few non-randomised controlled trials. The reviews included a median of eight trials and participants but the smallest included only a single trial and the largest review included 25 studies participants.
The AMSTAR-2 scores for each study are shown in Supplementary Material. Several quality issues were identified with the other reviews. Most did not report that there was a pre-established published protocol.
Most did not have a fully comprehensive search strategy including the grey literature. Most did not list all excluded studies and most did not report on the sources of funding for the studies included in the review.
Seven did not adequately investigate publication bias. Six did not report conflicts of interest, including the review on Psyllium which was led by a company marketing a Psyllium product Gibb et al. Twenty-one studies on 16 remedies attempted to conduct a meta-analysis quantifying the reduction in HbA1c Figure 2.
The most effective remedy appeared to be Aloe vera freshly extracted juice Suksomboon et al. Psyllium fibre Gibb et al. Nigella sativa seeds Daryabeygi-Khotbehsara et al.
Nettle Urtica dioica appeared to lead to a clinically significant reduction but this was not statistically significant because of very wide confidence intervals Ziaei et al.
FIGURE 2. The red dotted line indicates the threshold for a clinically significant effect reduction by 0. Several remedies produced a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c but the standard mean difference fell below the pre-determined threshold of 0.
These were the patent traditional Chinese formula Tianmai Xiaoke Gu et al. Momordica charantia was studied by two reviews which came to differing conclusions; an early Cochrane review found only a single small RCT with 40 participants, which concluded that Karela dried powder in capsules appeared to be ineffective Ooi et al.
However, a more recent and comprehensive review including five RCTs participants found that there was a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c by 0. Similarly, the four reviews on cinnamon which reported HbA1c came to slightly different conclusions; only one found a statistically significant reduction and none of them reported a clinically significant reduction.
Two meta-analyses of ginseng Kim et al. Twenty-five reviews meta-analysed the reduction in FPG Figure 3. All the remedies which produced clinically significant reductions in HbA1c also produced clinically and statistically significant reductions in FPG, with the exception of Astragalus membranaceuswhich reduced FPG slightly less than the predetermined clinically significant threshold of 0.
Nettle Urtica dioicaMomordica charantia and sweet potato also all produced clinically significant reductions in FPG. FIGURE 3. Other reviews also included patients with T1DM Leach and Kumar, or pre-diabetes Davis and Yokoyama, ; Deyno et al. For several remedies, there was a wide degree of uncertainty regarding their effectiveness in reducing FPG.
Dragon fruit appeared to have a large effect but this was not statistically significant as there were very wide confidence intervals Poolsup et al. There was also a large degree of uncertainty about the effect of Mulberry leaf—there was a wide confidence interval, and a second trial not included in the meta-analysis reported that it was more effective than glibenclamide Shin et al.
Of the two reviews on Ginseng, that by Kim et al. Another meta-analysis did report a significant reduction in FPG but also included pre-diabetic patients Gui et al.
It can be stated with some certainty that ginger and tea Camellia sinensis extracts were ineffective for reducing FPG. Neither had a significant effect, and confidence intervals were tight.
: Medicinal plants for diabetes| 7 herbs and supplements for type 2 diabetes | Aschner, P. Most of these medicines have some Supporting healthy glycemic control their other Medicinal plants for diabetes Medidinal and are harmful to other organs with their prolonged Medicinal plants for diabetes. Study Medicinal plants for diabetes antidepressant viabetes of grape seed Sustainable coffee extract in male mice using tail Medicinak and forced swim tests. DC alleviated the increased 1 and phosphorylated p65, I𝜅B, and I𝜅B kinase IKK in diabetic rats. Results: Twenty five meta-analyses reported the effects of 18 plant-based remedies. Comparison of the effects of Crataegus oxyacantha extract, aerobic exercise and their combination on the serum levels of ICAM-1 and E-Selectin in patients with stable angina pectoris. Efficacy of Aloe Vera Supplementation on Prediabetes and Early Non-treated Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. |
| Top bar navigation | Being a former subdivision of the Dhaka district, it features a rural environment with smaller towns and a lower population density than the urban areas of Dhaka. This study adhered to the research guidelines and ethical protocols of the Technical University of Munich. The aim of the study was to qualitatively identify traditional medicinal plants known and accessible by the Bangladeshi population. For this purpose, a dialogue with local political and health service authorities was initiated for authorization as well as support. To obtain the most valuable information in a reasonable sample size, interviews of key informants were performed. Altogether 63 interviews were conducted, of which 29 were attributed to rural and 34 to urban regions. To cover a diverse spectrum of informants, different informant groups were defined for participating in the study. From these informant groups, key informants were randomly chosen out of a pool of knowledgeable persons Table 1. It is noteworthy that the sample size of informants participating in this study was limited and not representative for the study groups or regional distribution, so that quantitative conclusions are not feasible. However, to screen the data obtained in this study the overall frequency of citation of plants was assessed and is indicated in the results Table 2. Interviews were conducted in the Bengali language and based on a semi-structured question form with answers recorded. Informed consent was obtained from the participants for the publication of this report. The questionnaire was designed to gather information on social status and education of the informant, general knowledge about diabetes and its diagnosis , access to allopathic medicine, and medicinal plants used in the therapy of diabetes. Formulations of plants were not included in this survey. Every key informant was interviewed once. Medicinal plants being mentioned by the informant were recorded with local names and photographed. Whenever possible, informants were asked to show or collect the plants they use for the treatment of diabetes. The documented plants and samples were dried, stored and identified with the help of a botanist. The frequency of citation was calculated to assess the incidence of one particular plant species used for the treatment of diabetes in relation to the overall citations for all plants. For the most mentioned medicinal plants of the survey, a literature search was performed with special focus on diabetes-related clinical data. The 63 conducted key informant interviews of the ethnobotanical survey revealed 37 different plants that were mentioned by informants for anti-diabetic treatment individually or combined with other plants Table 2. Regarding the overall frequency of citation, the most cited plants were Coccinia indica , Azadirachta indica , Syzygium cumini , Trigonella foenum-graecum , Terminalia chebula , Ficus racemosa , Momordica charantia and Swietenia mahagoni , suggesting a prominent role of these plants in the herbal treatment of diabetes. Leaves and seeds at a defined stage of maturity were most frequently cited to be used for treatment or preparation of the traditional medicine Figure 1 A. Interestingly, plant parts used from the most frequently mentioned plants were consistent with the exception of Momordica charantia Figure 1 B. Parts used for the treatment of diabetes from all plants A and the most frequently mentioned plants B. Multiple answers possible, some informants did not mention any specific plant parts. To receive an impression of regional availability of the top-mentioned plants, the number of citations in urban and rural areas was compared. Though only a few more informants were interviewed in urban areas Table 1 , the number of citations by urban informants prevails considerably for most plants Figure 2. Trigonella foenum-graecum and Momordica charantia were exclusively mentioned by urban informants. Finally, the most frequently mentioned plants were analyzed regarding times mentioned by the relevant informant groups for herbal treatment of diabetes. Admittedly quantitative comparisons between the groups were not feasible due to overall low numbers of informants and the high number of diabetic patients outnumbering all other groups. However, all top-mentioned plants were known by a minimum of three informant groups, suggesting a broad propagation of these plants within the different diabetes-related groups Figure 3. The most mentioned medicinal plant, Coccinia indica , was also most prevalently used in the diabetic patients group highlighting its prominent role in herbal treatment of diabetes in the study area. In contrast, Coccinia indica was not cited by the traditional healer Kabiraj informant group. Interestingly, most of the not top-mentioned plants were cited by the Kabiraj informant group Figure 3. Citation of most frequently mentioned plants related to informant groups. Overall, the survey revealed 37 medicinal plants belonging to 25 families that are used to treat diabetes in Bangladesh. Due to limited sample size, we focused this discussion on the most frequently mentioned plants. Regarding all identified plants, leaves and seeds were the major plant parts used, which is in agreement with other studies [ 12 , 20 , 21 ]. The collection and processing of leaves and seeds is easy [ 21 ], and does not damage the plant substantially as compared to the collection of roots or the whole plant [ 22 , 23 ]. Leaves and seeds may contain or accumulate the pharmacologically active agents of plants. For example, these were reported for the seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum [ 24 , 25 ] and Syzygium cumini [ 26 ] and the leaves of Coccinia indica [ 27 — 29 ] and Azadirachta indica [ 30 ]. A recent survey recorded plant parts similar to our study for Coccinia indica , Azadirachta indica , Syzygium cumini , Trigonella foenum-graecum , Terminalia chebula and Momordica charantia used in the treatment of diabetes by traditional health practitioners in Bangladesh [ 12 ]. In contrast to our study, Kadir et al. mentioned bark and root of Ficus racemosa to be used as medicinal plant component. Although most studies show anti-diabetic properties for the bark of Ficus racemosa [ 31 , 32 ], anti-diabetic agents were also isolated from its fruits [ 33 ]. Interestingly, Swietenia mahagoni was not reported as a medicinal plant used for the treatment of diabetes in Bangladesh. Since Swietenia mahagoni is not indigenous to Bangladesh, it may not be a common traditional medicinal plant for this area. Recent reports emphasize the hypoglycemic and anti-oxidant activity of Swietenia mahagoni bark and seed extracts [ 34 , 35 ]. Regarding the regional distribution of plants, the most top-mentioned plants seem to be similarly available in urban and rural regions. Higher availability of plants in urban regions may reflect the role of Dhaka as socio-economic and commercial center of the country. Trigonella foenum-graecum and Momordica charantia were only mentioned by urban informants, suggesting a general low local availability of these plants in the rural surroundings of Dhaka. However, Trigonella foenum-graecum [ 24 ] and Momordica charantia [ 36 , 37 ] are widely available at local markets in Bangladesh. Coccinia indica was mentioned by one third of all informants for being used as an anti-diabetic agent. In Bangladesh, Coccinia indica is well-known as an ayurvedic medicinal plant and is used for the treatment of diabetes [ 12 , 27 , 28 ]. It seems to be largely available in the area of Dhaka, since it was mentioned by most informants from the diabetic patients group. Leaves of Coccinia indica showed hypoglycemic effects in several animal studies [ 29 , 36 , 38 , 39 ] and small human intervention trials [ 28 , 40 , 41 ]. Though showing promising preliminary results, the anti-diabetic efficacy of Coccinia indica is not convincing due to the lack of solid evidence from extensive clinical intervention studies. Momordica charantia is an edible vegetable commonly known as bitter gourd. It is widely available in Bangladesh and also well-known as an agent with several anti-diabetic effects [ 36 , 37 , 42 , 43 ]. Numerous studies revealed anti-hyperglycemic effects for its fruits in experimental animal studies of induced diabetes [ 36 , 37 , 44 — 46 ], but also the leaves, stem and seeds were reported to be used for anti-diabetic treatment [ 12 ]. Conflicting results were reported by small clinical trials; only modest hypoglycemic effects less distinct than for metformin were shown in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients [ 47 ], and no effect on the levels of plasma insulin and glucose was detectable in obese men [ 48 ], revealing the inconsistent outcomes for Momordica charantia regarding clinical trials [ 49 ]. Several small preliminary clinical studies investigating the effect of seed extracts of Trigonella foenum-graecum revealed a significantly reduced insulin resistance [ 50 ] and improved fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels [ 51 , 52 ] in diabetic patients. Isolated compounds of fenugreek, when administered in addition to sulfonylureas, also showed an improved anti-diabetic action compared to sulfonylureas alone in diabetic patients [ 53 ]. Since there are relatively many, but rather small human clinical trials available for fenugreek, it is one of the most interesting candidate plants for effective and safe anti-diabetic therapy. Azadirachta indica is a common medicinal plant for tribal people in Bangladesh [ 12 , 13 ]. Anti-hyperglycemic effects in normal or diabetes-induced animal models were shown for leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica [ 30 , 39 , 54 , 55 ]. Seed extracts had significant hypoglycemic activity in a small cohort of type 2 diabetes patients [ 56 ]. For Ficus racemosa , few animal studies report blood glucose lowering activity [ 31 — 33 , 57 ]. In a preliminary clinical trial, treatment of type 2 diabetic patients with bark extracts of Ficus racemosa resulted in significantly reduced blood glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels [ 58 ]. Anti-diabetic effects were shown for Terminalia chebula [ 59 — 63 ] and Syzygium cumini [ 26 , 64 , 65 ] in normal or diabetes-induced animal models, but not in healthy individuals [ 66 ]. The available clinical data suggesting anti-diabetic activity of plants identified in this survey is limited. Most of the clinical studies lacked sufficient sample size, randomized controlled study design or revealed only low anti-diabetic efficacy following the treatment with plants. In this context, it is also questionable to what extent the numerous anti-diabetic effects of plants and their extracts found in experimental animal and in vitro studies can be extrapolated to human settings. Out of the identified 37 plants used for the treatment of diabetes in Bangladesh only a few were shown to eventually exert anti-diabetic activity in clinical studies. We henceforth propose to focus future research on the conduction of high-quality clinical studies while concentrating on those plants which show the most promising anti-diabetic efficacy in already performed clinical studies. In this context, it is also of particular interest to include safety issues and to study dose-dependent relationships. There are several other plants identified in this study of potential interest as preliminary data from animal or in vitro studies may indicate some anti-diabetic activity. But this has to be further investigated by clinical trials meeting the requirements of evidence-based medicine [ 67 ]. Such studies are of enormous public health interest as they may offer an evidence-based and safe use of non-expensive plant-derived medications against the growing epidemic of diabetes, particularly for low-income countries such as Bangladesh. Claquin P: Private health care providers in rural Bangladesh. Soc Sci Med Med Anthropol. CAS PubMed Google Scholar. Bhardwaj SM, Paul BK: Medical pluralism and infant mortality in a rural area of Bangladesh. Soc Sci Med. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar. Ashraf A, Chowdhury S, Streefland P: Health, disease and health-care in rural Bangladesh. Ahmed SM, Hossain MA, Chowdhury MR: Informal sector providers in Bangladesh: how equipped are they to provide rational health care?. Health Policy Plan. Article PubMed Google Scholar. Rahman SA, Kielmann T, McPake B, Normand C: Healthcare-seeking behaviour among the tribal people of Bangladesh: can the current health system really meet their needs?. J Health Popul Nutr. 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Zheng X-L, Xing F-W: Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants around Mt. Yinggeling, Hainan Island, China. Rehecho S, Uriarte-Pueyo I, Calvo J, Vivas LA, Calvo MI: Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants in Nor-Yauyos, a part of the Landscape Reserve Nor-Yauyos-Cochas, Peru. Mowla A, Alauddin M, Rahman MA, Ahmed K: Antihyperglycemic effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum fenugreek seed extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and its use in diabetes mellitus: a brief qualitative phytochemical and acute toxicity test on the extract. PubMed Central CAS PubMed Google Scholar. Hamza N, Berke B, Cheze C, Le Garrec R, Umar A, Agli A-N, Lassalle R, Jové J, Gin H, Moore N: Preventive and curative effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Pandey M, A : Hypoglycaemic effect of defatted seeds and water soluble fibre from the seeds of Syzygium cumini Linn. skeels in alloxan diabetic rats. Indian J Exp Biol. PubMed Google Scholar. 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Narender T, Khaliq T, Singh AB, Joshi MD, Mishra P, Chaturvedi JP, Srivastava AK, Maurya R, Agarwal SC: Synthesis of alpha-amyrin derivatives and their in vivo antihyperglycemic activity. Eur J Med Chem. Panda SP, Haldar PK, Bera S, Adhikary S, Kandar CC: Antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of Swietenia mahagoni in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharm Biol. De D, Chatterjee K, Ali KM, Bera TK, Ghosh D: Antidiabetic potentiality of the aqueous-methanolic extract of seed of Swietenia mahagoni L. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male albino rat: a correlative and evidence-based approach with antioxidative and antihyperlipidemic activities. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. Shibib BA, Khan LA, Rahman R: Hypoglycaemic activity of Coccinia indica and Momordica charantia in diabetic rats: depression of the hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes glucosephosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and elevation of both liver and red-cell shunt enzyme glucosephosphate dehydrogenase. Biochem J. Ali L, Khan AK, Mamun MI, Mosihuzzaman M, Nahar N, Nur-e-Alam M, Rokeya B: Studies on hypoglycemic effects of fruit pulp, seed, and whole plant of Momordica charantia on normal and diabetic model rats. Planta Med. Hossain MZ, Shibib BA, Rahman R: Hypoglycemic effects of Coccinia indica: inhibition of key gluconeogenic enzyme, glucosephosphatase. Kar A, Choudhary BK, Bandyopadhyay NG: Comparative evaluation of hypoglycaemic activity of some Indian medicinal plants in alloxan diabetic rats. Kamble SM, Kamlakar PL, Vaidya S, Bambole VD: Influence of Coccinia indica on certain enzymes in glycolytic and lipolytic pathway in human diabetes. Indian J Med Sci. Kuriyan R, Rajendran R, Bantwal G, Kurpad AV: Effect of supplementation of Coccinia cordifolia extract on newly detected diabetic patients. Diabetes Care. Namsa ND, Mandal M, Tangjang S, Mandal SC: Ethnobotany of the Monpa ethnic group at Arunachal Pradesh. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. Chaturvedi P: Antidiabetic potentials of Momordica charantia: multiple mechanisms behind the effects. J Med Food. Miura T, Itoh C, Iwamoto N, Kato M, Kawai M, Park SR, Suzuki I: Hypoglycemic activity of the fruit of the Momordica charantia in type 2 diabetic mice. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol. Virdi J, Sivakami S, Shahani S, Suthar AC, Banavalikar MM, Biyani MK: Antihyperglycemic effects of three extracts from Momordica charantia. Reyes BAS, Bautista ND, Tanquilut NC, Anunciado RV, Leung AB, Sanchez GC, Magtoto RL, Castronuevo P, Tsukamura H, Maeda K-I: Anti-diabetic potentials of Momordica charantia and Andrographis paniculata and their effects on estrous cyclicity of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Fuangchan A, Sonthisombat P, Seubnukarn T, Chanouan R, Chotchaisuwat P, Sirigulsatien V, Ingkaninan K, Plianbangchang P, Haines ST: Hypoglycemic effect of bitter melon compared with metformin in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients. Kasbia GS, Arnason JT, Imbeault P: No effect of acute, single dose oral administration of Momordica charantia Linn. Ooi CP, Yassin Z, Hamid T-A: Momordica charantia for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Losso JN, Holliday DL, Finley JW, Martin RJ, Rood JC, Yu Y, Greenway FL: Fenugreek bread: a treatment for diabetes mellitus. Kochhar A, Nagi M: Effect of supplementation of traditional medicinal plants on blood glucose in non-insulin-dependent diabetics: a pilot study. Kassaian N, Azadbakht L, Forghani B, Amini M: Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood glucose and lipid profiles in type 2 diabetic patients. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. Lu F, Shen L, Qin Y, Gao L, Li H, Dai Y: Clinical observation on trigonella foenum-graecum L. total saponins in combination with sulfonylureas in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chin J Integr Med. People who use aloe vera may add its juiced pulp to a drink such as a smoothie or take it as a supplement in capsules. People should not ingest aloe vera skin care products. Anyone interested in using aloe vera products to help treat diabetes should speak with a healthcare professional, who may need to adjust current medications accordingly. Cinnamon is a fragrant spice that comes from the bark of a tree. It is a popular ingredient in sweets and baked goods, as well as some savory dishes. This spice may add sweetness to a dish, limiting the need for sugar. It is popular among people with type 2 diabetes for this reason alone, but it may also have other benefits. A review found evidence from human studies that cinnamon may improve levels of fasting plasma glucose FPG or hemoglobin A1c HbA1c. However, most participants continued their hypoglycemic medications during the study. Further, only four out of 11 trials reached ADA treatment goals: FPG While HbA1c is one marker that doctors look at when monitoring diabetes, the levels of lipids, cholesterol, and insulin sensitivity are also important. In addition, a review of 16 studies found evidence that cinnamon could help reduce fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance in people with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. It is important to note that, overall, most of the relevant studies did not involve human participants. There is a lack of evidence about how cinnamon supplements may affect people. Before scientists can confirm the effects of cinnamon as a treatment, they need to conduct more research. Momordica charantia , or bitter melon , is a medicinal fruit. People cook it and enjoy it in many dishes. Practitioners of traditional Chinese and Indian medicines have used bitter melon for centuries. More recently, researchers have been looking into its properties. There is some evidence that bitter melon may help manage diabetes. In a study , 90 participants took either bitter melon extract or a placebo. Those who took the extract had lower fasting blood glucose levels after 12 weeks but no difference in HbA1c levels. In addition, a recent review notes that people have used many parts of the plant to help treat diabetes, often with positive results. Taking bitter melon in the following forms may lead to reduced blood sugar levels in some people:. Please note that there is not enough evidence to support using bitter melon instead of insulin or other medications for diabetes. However, it may help people rely less on those medications. A person should speak with a healthcare professional before starting any herbals as they may interact with current medications. People have long used milk thistle to treat different ailments, especially as a tonic for the liver. Silymarin, the extract from milk thistle that scientists have paid most attention to, is a compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These may make milk thistle a useful herb for people with diabetes. Many results of investigations into the effects of silymarin have been promising, but not promising enough for experts to recommend the herb or its extract alone for diabetes care, according to one review from The authors of research from found modest evidence that milk thistle might help lower glucose levels in people with diabetes. They also warned that, while people generally tolerate the herb well, milk thistle could lead to:. Fenugreek is a seed that may help lower blood sugar levels. It contains fibers and chemicals that help slow down the digestion of carbohydrates and sugar. There is also some evidence that the seed may help delay or prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes. Findings of a three-year investigation from noted that people with prediabetes were less likely to receive a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes while taking powdered fenugreek seed. The study involved 66 people with diabetes who took 5 grams of the seed with milliliters of water twice a day before meals and 74 healthy participants who did not take it. The researchers concluded that taking the seed preparation led to a reduction in blood sugar resulting from increased insulin levels. They also found that the preparation led to reduced cholesterol levels. Gymnema sylvestre is an herb that comes from India. One review of cell and rodent studies reported gymnema could:. One human study found those who took a mint containing gymnema reported a lesser desire for sweet treats such as chocolate. However, it did not include people with diabetes as participants. Still, it may help people with diabetes who would like help reducing their sugar intake. Using either the ground leaf or leaf extract may be beneficial, but a person should speak with a healthcare professional beforehand. Ginger is another herb that people have used for thousands of years in traditional medicines. People often use ginger to help treat digestive and inflammatory issues. In , a review found that it could also help treat diabetes. The researchers concluded that ginger lowered blood sugar levels but not blood insulin levels. As a result, they suggested that ginger might reduce insulin resistance in people with type 2 diabetes. However, the way that ginger accomplished this was unclear, and the team called for more research to confirm the findings. A small study found that ginger could reduce both fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels. A person should always work with a healthcare professional before taking any new herb or supplement. They may suggest starting with a lower dosage and gradually increasing it until there are noticeable satisfactory effects. Some herbs can interact with medications that do the same job, such as blood thinners and high blood pressure medications. It is essential to be aware of any interactions before trying a new supplement. The FDA does not monitor herbs and supplements, so different products may contain different herbs and fillers. Also, packaging may recommend potentially harmful dosages, and products can be contaminated, for example, with pesticides. |
| Type 2 diabetes: Using herbs and supplements | All plantx contributed to revising the manuscript Medkcinal approved the final Medicinql. Correspondence to Hans Hauner. National Supporting healthy glycemic control Standardization Supporting healthy glycemic control Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. The frequency of citation was calculated to assess the incidence of one particular plant species used for the treatment of diabetes in relation to the overall citations for all plants. Psyllium fibre Gibb et al. |
| This might be related & helpful! | Before scientists can confirm the effects of cinnamon as a treatment, they need to conduct more research. Momordica charantia , or bitter melon , is a medicinal fruit. People cook it and enjoy it in many dishes. Practitioners of traditional Chinese and Indian medicines have used bitter melon for centuries. More recently, researchers have been looking into its properties. There is some evidence that bitter melon may help manage diabetes. In a study , 90 participants took either bitter melon extract or a placebo. Those who took the extract had lower fasting blood glucose levels after 12 weeks but no difference in HbA1c levels. In addition, a recent review notes that people have used many parts of the plant to help treat diabetes, often with positive results. Taking bitter melon in the following forms may lead to reduced blood sugar levels in some people:. Please note that there is not enough evidence to support using bitter melon instead of insulin or other medications for diabetes. However, it may help people rely less on those medications. A person should speak with a healthcare professional before starting any herbals as they may interact with current medications. People have long used milk thistle to treat different ailments, especially as a tonic for the liver. Silymarin, the extract from milk thistle that scientists have paid most attention to, is a compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These may make milk thistle a useful herb for people with diabetes. Many results of investigations into the effects of silymarin have been promising, but not promising enough for experts to recommend the herb or its extract alone for diabetes care, according to one review from The authors of research from found modest evidence that milk thistle might help lower glucose levels in people with diabetes. They also warned that, while people generally tolerate the herb well, milk thistle could lead to:. Fenugreek is a seed that may help lower blood sugar levels. It contains fibers and chemicals that help slow down the digestion of carbohydrates and sugar. There is also some evidence that the seed may help delay or prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes. Findings of a three-year investigation from noted that people with prediabetes were less likely to receive a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes while taking powdered fenugreek seed. The study involved 66 people with diabetes who took 5 grams of the seed with milliliters of water twice a day before meals and 74 healthy participants who did not take it. The researchers concluded that taking the seed preparation led to a reduction in blood sugar resulting from increased insulin levels. They also found that the preparation led to reduced cholesterol levels. Gymnema sylvestre is an herb that comes from India. One review of cell and rodent studies reported gymnema could:. One human study found those who took a mint containing gymnema reported a lesser desire for sweet treats such as chocolate. However, it did not include people with diabetes as participants. Still, it may help people with diabetes who would like help reducing their sugar intake. Using either the ground leaf or leaf extract may be beneficial, but a person should speak with a healthcare professional beforehand. Ginger is another herb that people have used for thousands of years in traditional medicines. People often use ginger to help treat digestive and inflammatory issues. In , a review found that it could also help treat diabetes. The researchers concluded that ginger lowered blood sugar levels but not blood insulin levels. As a result, they suggested that ginger might reduce insulin resistance in people with type 2 diabetes. However, the way that ginger accomplished this was unclear, and the team called for more research to confirm the findings. A small study found that ginger could reduce both fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels. A person should always work with a healthcare professional before taking any new herb or supplement. They may suggest starting with a lower dosage and gradually increasing it until there are noticeable satisfactory effects. Some herbs can interact with medications that do the same job, such as blood thinners and high blood pressure medications. It is essential to be aware of any interactions before trying a new supplement. The FDA does not monitor herbs and supplements, so different products may contain different herbs and fillers. Also, packaging may recommend potentially harmful dosages, and products can be contaminated, for example, with pesticides. In addition, herbs and supplements are complementary treatment options and should not replace medications. People can discover more resources for living with type 2 diabetes by downloading the free Bezzy T2D app for iPhone or Android. It provides access to expert content on type 2 diabetes, as well as peer support through one-on-one conversations and live group discussions. New guidelines from the American College of Physicians recommend that clinicians aim for moderate blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes…. Researchers suggest that targeting the gut microbiota could be a potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of type 1 diabetes. People with diabetes can use various strategies to lower their blood sugar levels. The options include lifestyle and dietary changes and natural…. Acupuncture has many uses, and some research has suggested that it may work for diabetes, although scientists have not explained how it might work…. The main types of diabetes are classified as type 1 and type 2. A new study, however, says that the condition should be categorized as five types. My podcast changed me Can 'biological race' explain disparities in health? Why Parkinson's research is zooming in on the gut Tools General Health Drugs A-Z Health Hubs Health Tools Find a Doctor BMI Calculators and Charts Blood Pressure Chart: Ranges and Guide Breast Cancer: Self-Examination Guide Sleep Calculator Quizzes RA Myths vs Facts Type 2 Diabetes: Managing Blood Sugar Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction Connect About Medical News Today Who We Are Our Editorial Process Content Integrity Conscious Language Newsletters Sign Up Follow Us. Medical News Today. Research has shown that sage reduces blood sugar levels to a significant amount, more so when consumed on an empty stomach. Adding sage to the diet increases the secretion of insulin and helps manage diabetes better. It is best consumed in the form of tea. This herb has been part of ayurvedic cures for diabetes in India since time immemorial. It has gymnemic acids which neutralize the taste buds on the tongue towards sweet things. This helps the person to control sugar cravings. The herb also helps in the utilisation of excess glucose in the blood. This herb has a two-pronged effect on high blood sugar. It increases the activity in the pancreas to make more insulin and reduces blood sugar levels by inhibiting cravings for sweets. The glucose in the cells gets mobilised due to specific components present in oregano. Apart from boosting immune health, it reduces carbohydrate formation in the body. The fleshy plant forms an essential part of alternative medicine in India, Mexico, Australia and South America. It reduces inflammation in the body and treats indigestion. Inflammation in the body is responsible for many chronic lifestyle diseases like diabetes. Read more about the benefits of aloe vera for skin and hair. Ginger is used extensively in Chinese and Indian cuisines. The aromatic herb has been used to combat diabetes. It increases the sensitivity of the body to insulin and helps in increasing insulin secretion. Those who are suffering from diabetes can safely consume jamun as it is low in calories. Additionally, the polyphenolic ingredients present in jamun play a significant role in the treatment of diabetes. Fenugreek seeds and the herb have been used to treat skin and digestive issues. This herb also fights metabolic disorders. Fenugreek helps in lowering blood glucose levels and combats diabetes. While herbs may help control some symptoms of diabetes, it is important to remember that they cannot cure a person. That is why it is recommended that you consult with your doctor before you decide to try using anything. Your doctor would be able to advise you correctly and as per your medical history which is integral while considering alternative treatment alongside your regular medication. It is also important to ensure that you refrain from using inferior quality herbs as they can be detrimental to your cause. Herbs are helpful and beneficial but should only be used to complement your existing medication. Read More: 10 Home Remedies for Diabetes. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty express or implied regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof. Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. |
| Introduction | Olive Oil in the Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies and Intervention Trials. in Thailand. Anyone interested in using aloe vera products to help treat diabetes should speak with a healthcare professional, who may need to adjust current medications accordingly. Soc Sci Med. CAS PubMed Google Scholar. Sissoko, L. Metrics details. |
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