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What is the ‘best’ weight loss strategy? - Peter Attia, M.D. \u0026 Layne Norton, Ph.D.gov means it's official. Federal government websites Effrctive end in. gov or. Nutrient-rich botanicals sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a buurning government Burniing. The site is secure. NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Burnibg of Medicine, Fag Institutes of Health.
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For that purpose, a budning goal of 2, to 3, kcal of added activity may be necessary Klem et al. Thus, Collagen for Sport Performance preparation stragegies the Effectie of activity necessary to maintain weight loss must begin while losing weight Strafegies, For many individuals, changing activity levels burjing perceived as more unpleasant than changing dietary habits.
However, over an month period, individuals who performed short bouts of physical activity did not experience improvements in long-term weight loss, cardiorespiratory fitness, or physical activity participation in comparison with those who performed longer bouts of exercise.
Some evidence suggests that home exercise equipment e. In addition, individual preferences are paramount considerations in choices of activity. When strength training or resistance exercise is combined with aerobic activity, long-term results may be better than those with aerobics alone Poirier and Despres, ; Sothern et al.
Because strength training tends to build muscle, loss of lean body mass may be minimized and the relative loss of body fat may be increased. An added benefit is the attenuation of the decrease in resting metabolic rate associated with weight loss, possibly as a consequence of preserving or enhancing lean body mass.
As valuable as exercise is, the existing research literature on overweight individuals indicates that exercise programs alone do not produce significant weight loss in the populations studied. It should be emphasized, however, that a large number of such studies have been conducted with middle-aged Caucasian women leading sedentary lifestyles.
The failure of exercise alone to produce significant weight loss may be because the neurochemical mechanisms that regulate eating behavior cause individuals to compensate for the calories expended in exercise by increasing food calorie intake.
While exercise programs can result in an average weight loss of 2 to 3 kg in the short-term Blair, ; Pavlou et al. For example, when physical activity was combined with a reduced-calorie diet and lifestyle change, a weight loss of 7. Physical activity plus diet produces better results than either diet or physical activity alone Blair, ; Dyer, ; Pavlou et al.
In addition, weight regain is significantly less likely when physical activity is combined with any other weight-reduction regimen Blair, ; Klem et al. Continued follow-up after weight loss is associated with improved outcome if the activity plan is monitored and modified as part of this follow-up Kayman et al.
While studies have shown that military recruits were able to lose significant amounts of weight during initial entry training through exercise alone, the restricted time available to consume meals during training probably contributed to this weight loss Lee et al.
The use of behavior and lifestyle modification in weight management is based on a body of evidence that people become or remain overweight as the result of modifiable habits or behaviors see Chapter 3and that by changing those behaviors, weight can be lost and the loss can be maintained.
The primary goals of behavioral strategies for weight control are to increase physical activity and to reduce caloric intake by altering eating habits Brownell and Kramer, hurning Wilson, A subcategory of behavior modification, environmental management, is discussed in the next section.
Behavioral treatment, which was introduced in the s, may be provided to a single individual or to groups of clients. In the past, behavioral approaches were applied as stand-alone treatments to simply modify eating habits and reduce caloric intake. However, more recently, these treatments have been used in combination with low-calorie diets, medical nutrition therapy, nutrition education, exercise programs, monitoring, pharmacological agents, and social support to promote weight loss, and as a component of maintenance programs.
Self-monitoring of dietary intake and physical activity, which enables the individual to develop a sense of accountability, is one of the cornerstones of behavioral treatment. Patients are asked to keep a daily food diary in which they record what and how much they have eaten, when and where the food was consumed, and the context in which the food was consumed e.
Additionally, patients may be asked to keep a record of their daily physical activities. Self-monitoring of food intake is often associated with a relatively immediate reduction in food intake and consequent weight loss Blundell, ; Goris et al.
The information obtained from the food diaries also is used to identify personal and environmental factors that contribute to overeating and to select and implement appropriate weight-loss strategies for the individual Wilson, The same may be true of physical activity monitoring, although little research has been conducted in this area.
Self-monitoring also provides a way for therapists and patients to evaluate which techniques are working and how changes in eating behavior or activity are contributing to weight loss. Recent work has suggested that regular self-monitoring of body weight is a useful adjunct to behavior modification programs Jeffery and French, Some additional techniques included in behavioral treatment programs include eating only regularly scheduled meals; doing nothing else while eating; consuming meals only in one place usually the dining room and leaving the table after eating; shopping only from a list; and shopping on a full stomach Brownell and Kramer, Reinforcement techniques are also an integral part of the behavioral treatment of overweight and obesity.
For example, subjects may select a positively reinforcing event, such as participating in a particularly enjoyable activity or purchasing a special item when a goal is met Brownell and Kramer, Another important component of behavioral treatment programs may be cognitive restructuring of erroneous or dysfunctional beliefs about weight regulation Wing, Techniques developed by cognitive behavior therapists can be used to help the individual identify specific triggers for overeating, deal with negative attitudes towards obesity in society, and realize that a minor dietary infraction does not mean failure.
Nutrition education and social support, discussed later in this chapter, are also components of behavioral programs. Behavioral treatments of obesity are frequently successful in the short-term.
However, the long-term effectiveness of these treatments is more controversial, with data suggesting that many individuals return to their initial body weight within 3 to 5 years after treatment wtrategies ended Brownell and Kramer, ; Klem et al.
Techniques for improving the long-term benefits of behavioral treatments include: 1 developing criteria to match patients to treatments, 2 increasing initial weight loss, 3 increasing the length of treatment, 4 emphasizing the role of exercise, and 5 combining behavioral programs with other treatments such as pharmacotherapy, surgery, or stringent diets Brownell and Kramer, Recent studies of individuals who have achieved success at long-term weight loss may offer other insights into Effeective to improve behavioral treatment strategies.
In their analysis of data from the National Weight Control Registry, Klem and coworkers found that weight loss achieved through exercise, sensible dieting, reduced fat consumption, and individual behavior changes could be maintained for long periods of time.
However, this population was self-selected so it does not represent the experience of the average person in a civilian population. Because they have achieved and maintained a significant amount of weight loss at least 30 lb for 2 or more yearsthere is reason to believe that the population enrolled in the Registry may be especially disciplined.
As such, the experience of people in the Registry may provide insight into the military population, although evidence to assert this with authority is lacking. In any case, the majority of participants in the Registry report they have made significant permanent changes in their behavior, including portion control, low-fat food selection, 60 or more minutes of daily exercise, self-monitoring, and well-honed problem-solving skills.
A significant part of weight loss and management may involve restructuring the environment that promotes overeating and underactivity. The environment includes the home, the workplace, and the community e. Environmental factors include the availability of foods such as fruits, vegetables, nonfat dairy products, and other foods of low energy density and high nutritional value.
Environmental restructuring empha-sizes frequenting dining facilities that produce appealing foods of lower energy density and providing ample time for eating a wholesome meal rather than grabbing a candy bar or bag of chips and a soda from a vending machine. Busy lifestyles and hectic work schedules create eating habits that may contribute to a less than desirable eating environment, but simple changes can help to counter-act these habits.
Commanders of military bases should examine their facilities to identify and eliminate conditions that encourage one or more of the eating habits that promote overweight.
Some nonmilitary employers have increased healthy eating options at worksite dining facilities and vending machines. Although multiple publications suggest that worksite weight-loss programs are not very effective in reducing body weight Cohen et al.
Opting for high-fat snack foods from strategically placed vending machines or snack shops combined with allowing insufficient time to prepare affordable, healthier alternatives. Major obstacles to exercise, even in highly motivated people, include the time it takes to complete the task and the inaccessibility of facilities or safe places to exercise.
Environmental interventions emphasize the many ways that physical activity can be fit into a busy lifestyle and seek to make use of whatever opportunities are available HHS, The availability of safe sidewalks and parks and alternative methods of transportation to work, such as walking or bicycling, also enhance the physical activity environment.
Management of overweight and obesity requires the active participation of the individual. Nutrition professionals can provide individuals with a base of information that allows them to make knowledgeable food choices. Nutrition education is distinct from nutrition counseling, although the contents overlap considerably.
Nutrition counseling and dietary management tend to focus more directly on the motivational, emotional, and psychological issues associated with the current task of weight loss and weight management.
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| What You Need to Know About Burning Fat | While many people focus more on cardio for weight loss, there's no doubt that strength training is a key component in any weight loss routine. Here are some benefits of weight training. If you lift weights at a higher intensity, you can increase your afterburn, or the calories you burn after your workout. That means that you burn calories during your workouts, but your body continues to burn calories even after your workout while your body gets back to its resting state. Lifting weights and maintaining muscle helps keep the metabolism up, even if you're cutting your calories. If you are restricting calories, you risk losing muscle. Muscle is metabolically active , so when you lose it, you also lose the extra calorie burn muscles produce. To start, choose a basic total body workout and do that about twice a week, with at least one day in between. As you get stronger, you can do more exercises, increase intensity, or add more days of strength training. It may take a few weeks but you'll eventually see and feel a difference in your body. If you want a more structured program, try a four-week slow build program which includes a schedule of cardio and strength workouts that allows you to gradually increase your intensity. When it comes to burning more fat, you have to work at it. The good news is that it doesn't take much activity to push the body into that fat burning mode. Try incorporating some type of activity every day, even if it's just a quick walk. Then, build on that over time. Soon you're on the way to burning more fat. It also can be beneficial to work with a registered dietitian or certified personal trainer to develop a more individualized program. Mul JD, Stanford KI, Hirshman MF, Goodyear LJ. Exercise and regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. Chiu CH, Ko MC, Wu LS, et al. Benefits of different intensity of aerobic exercise in modulating body composition among obese young adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Health Qual Life Outcomes. Calorie Control Council. Get moving calculator. Department of Health and Human Services. Activity guidelines questions and answers. Centers for Disease Control. Measuring physical activity intensity. Willis LH, Slentz CA, Bateman LA, et al. J Appl Physiol Carey DG. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. Use limited data to select advertising. Create profiles for personalised advertising. Use profiles to select personalised advertising. Create profiles to personalise content. Use profiles to select personalised content. Measure advertising performance. Measure content performance. Understand audiences through statistics or combinations of data from different sources. Develop and improve services. Use limited data to select content. List of Partners vendors. By Paige Waehner, CPT. Paige Waehner, CPT. Learn about our editorial process. Learn more. Reviewers confirm the content is thorough and accurate, reflecting the latest evidence-based research. Content is reviewed before publication and upon substantial updates. Reviewed by Heather Black, CPT. Learn about our Review Board. Table of Contents View All. Table of Contents. Basics of Burning Fat. Fat Burning Zone Myth. Mixing Cardio Intensities. Exercising Consistently. Lifting Weights. Fat-Burning Heart Rate: What It Is and How to Target It. How to Burn Fat Exercise consistently Perform a mix of high, medium and low-intensity cardiovascular exercise Lift challenging weights Try circuit training Include compound exercises Watch your stress levels Get enough sleep Increase your total daily energy expenditure Eat the correct number of calories for your goal. Potential Risks If you do too many high-intensity workouts, you put yourself at risk for: Burnout Growing to hate exercise Inconsistent workouts Overtraining Overuse injuries. Examples of Moderate Intensity Workouts For weight management, you would likely want the majority of your cardio workouts to fall into the moderate range. Some examples include: A to minute cardio machine workout A brisk walk Riding a bike at a medium pace. Benefits Here are some benefits of consistent exercise. Become more efficient : Your body becomes more efficient at delivering and extracting oxygen. Simply put, this helps your cells burn fat more efficiently. Have better circulation : This allows fatty acids to move more efficiently through the blood and into the muscle. That means fat is more readily available for fueling the body. Increase the number and size of mitochondria : These are the cellular power plants that provide energy inside each cell of your body. Strategies To burn more fat when strength training, here are some strategies that you can utilize. Incorporate circuit training : Circuit training is a great way to burn more calories by combining high-intensity cardio along with strength training exercises. You keep your heart rate elevated by moving from one exercise to another with little or no rest while focusing on both cardio and strength in the same workout. Lift heavy weights : If you're a beginner, you should work your way up to heavy weights over time. Once your body is ready for more, lifting heavy weight forces your body to adapt by building more lean muscle tissue to handle that extra load. Use compound movements : Movements that involve more than one muscle group e. Verywell Fit uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. See Our Editorial Process. Meet Our Review Board. Share Feedback. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! What is your feedback? Related Articles. You may accept or manage your choices by clicking below, including your right to object where legitimate interest is used, or at any time in the privacy policy page. These choices will be signaled to our partners and will not affect browsing data. Ease up on the processed food. If you're looking at the label on a food item, and you don't know what half the ingredients are, it probably means it's overly processed. Processed foods do nothing for you outside of creating a favorable environment for gaining fat , including visceral fat, which is the scary kind that sits on your organs. If you have trouble managing particular treats—maybe it's chips, maybe it's cookies, maybe it's Poptarts because, same —keep them out of your home or office cabinets. It's not about willpower; it's about being realistic. Instead, buy healthy snacks—like jerky or trail mix—for your glove compartment or desk drawer so you're prepared at all times. Fruits and vegetables fill you up, provide plenty of fiber and have few calories. If you have trouble adding vegetables to your routine, start every meal with a salad. Salad provides bulk to help fill you up so that you eat less calories overall. Or try this hack to get a day's worth of healthy greens in 14 minutes. No smoothie required. Although some people fear fructose, fruit will not make you gain weight, and that includes the so-called "high sugar" fruits like bananas and melons. Develop an exercise plan that includes heavy weights. Maintaining muscle mass takes more energy to do than maintaining fat, so our bodies burn more calories at rest. In short, build more muscle, burn more calories. Make sure to cut down on rest time between sets. This keeps your heart rate elevated, causing an increase in calories burned. Use these tips to lift heavy the smart way. Study after study continues to show intervals are more effective and time efficient than longer activity performed at a lower intensity. Why not crush more calories while getting out of the gym quicker? If you're ready to jump right in, try this 5-minute burner on for size. Your exercise plan—whether you're aiming to lose weight or not—shouldn't just focus on one area of your body. Instead, incorporate exercises that use your whole body. Think: squats , deadlifts , and chin-ups. With full-body exercises, you're engaging more muscle groups, making your body work harder. You'll get more bang for your buck out of each workout. Start here , no equipment needed! There's no better way to find out what you're putting in your mouth then by writing it all down. Tracking foods will help you realize how much you're actually taking in a day. It puts things into perspective. Use a free app, like MyFitnessPal , which makes it easy to log from anywhere. A study review published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition showed that those who ate breakfast were more successful with long-term weight maintenance. Other research has shown the same for weight loss. Grab Greek yogurt, a piece of fruit and handful of nuts, make a smoothie, down some hard-boiled eggs or scramble them. It doesn't have to be fancy. But may we point out the absolute best way to make scrambled eggs? It's also the easiest. Then eat progressively less throughout the day. A study published in the journal Nutrients showed that eating most of your calories earlier in the day positively influences weight changes. As the study quotes philosopher Mairmonides: "Eat like a king in the morning, a prince at noon, and a peasant at dinner. This means not sitting in front of a computer, TV, or phone all day. Stand and you'll burn more and be more productive. Find high table to put your laptop on so you can stand while working. Take the stairs instead of the elevator. Park in the back of the parking lot at the grocery store. Take a walk during lunch. Small movement changes add up big time. Research has found that just increasing your step count daily, without other added exercise, has aided in weight loss. This won't make or break success, but every little bit helps when it comes to physical activity. A good rule of thumb: standing is better than sitting, and walking is better than standing. If you do, you'll opt for the bad stuff instead of sticking to your list. In fact, you'll buy "more calories, not more food" according to a JAMA Internal Medicine study. Even short term fasting can cause bad decisions at the story. Plan your shopping around a meal. Have dinner, and then hit the store later. Less crowds that way anyway! Or, if you're willing to add the extra price, order your groceries online. That way you have to consciously click what you want instead of just reaching for it. It doesn't take a rocket scientist to understand why adding vegetables to your diet will help you not only lose weight , but it will provide your body with tons of nutrients. It's easy to make side dish swaps for veggies when you're at home, but it's tougher when you're out and about. The good news is restaurants will often allow you to substitute the fries or chips with steamed veggies. Usually without an up charge too. All you have to do is ask. You'll save calories and lower your risk of heart disease. When we fry things, we're dipping our foods in tremendous amounts of oil that latch onto whatever we're making, adding not just calories, but unhealthy fats to it. Baking just uses heat, and adding oil is a choice, not a necessity, to the cooking process. Or try an air fryer—you can even make just about anything in it. You can also use the fat-burner in your backyard: the grill, which offers plenty of flavor without the need for frying. Find the best grill gear here. No, really. A study in the International Journal of Obesity found those who laughed hard for approximately 10 to 15 minutes each day burned an additional 10 to 40 calories a day. On top of that, laughing has so many other mental health benefits. So, ward off the extra pounds and depression by putting on your favorite comedy flick tonight. If you're feeling like a change in diet isn't for you, maybe a change in portion size is. It's possible to lose weight just by changing how much you eat, but not changing what you eat. This means opting for an entree instead of an entree and an appetizer. Avoid buffets and try to leave something on your plate at the end of the meal. Consider splitting a meal with your dinner companion, or skip dessert. There are so many ways to cut down how much you eat, without having to cut out some of your favorite foods. Social influence can be both good and bad for your weight loss journey. When it comes to going to social events, the temptation is high. You're more likely to munch mindlessly, even though you may not be hungry. So take a step away, and hang out on the other side of the room. Or, if you're really feeling dedicated, try to eat BEFORE you head to the event. You're more likely to choice a healthy meal at home, and you'll avoid making bad snacking decisions at the event if you're already full. Like we said— social influence can be good too. If you commit to losing a few pounds with a friend, you're more likely to keep going. Accountability is key with lifestyle changes. Try to convince a spouse to do it with you. If you grocery shop together, and eat a fair amount of meals together, you'll have a partner in crime to make only good decisions. Steps, steps, steps. It's all about adding to your step count to help those activity metrics. A daily doggo walk is better for both him and you than just letting him out the back. Plus, he'll love you even more. If you don't have a pet, offer to walk a neighbor's dog or take this as your excuse to rescue one. You're welcome. And, when you think about how calories is only about 14 almonds or one apple, it makes the amount more fathomable. Pro tip: using smaller plates and bowls is scientifically proven to help you eat less, since it makes less food seems like more. Similarly, eating slower can cut out extra calories since it takes approximately 15 to 20 minutes for your stomach to sense it's full. Have we mentioned the benefits of getting your steps in yet? Well, here's another reminder. If you're lucky enough to live close to your pharmacy, grocery store, or hardware store, take advantage and walk or bike. You'll get fresh air, burn a few calories and get your heart rate up. Buy a pedometer, or track it on your smart watch , and aim for at least 10, steps each day. Plan ahead. A majority of these tips will require a plan. Plan ahead to eat before you go out to a party. Plan ahead to have a meal before you hit the grocery store. Plan ahead to meal prep food that's baked instead of friend. It all comes back to setting yourself up for success in weight loss, and weight maintenance. If you fail to plan, you plan to fail. If you're looking for some weight loss inspiration, look no further. These transformation photos will have you jumping into the gym before you know it. Taking photos can be a great way to inspire yourself along your journey. Some days can be discouraging, and it's helpful too look back on how far you've come. You'll be amazed at the progress you've made when you revisit the photos later. Your pizza, wings, beer and football-on-the-couch-all-day friends are fun for somethings, but not everything. Research has suggested that friends can enhance or hurt success. Join a running club or try out a group fitness class to make some active friends. It's not selfish to want to make yourself better. Though it may feel uncomfortable to choose yourself over family or friends, it's important to make sure you're the best you can be to be able to care for others. Prioritize self care to keep yourself in a good headspace, and be selfish with your time. Your friends and family will understand if you skip out on a few things to hit the gym. Fiber fills you up and helps you stay full, and it keepseverything moving smoothly when it comes to digestion. According to the Mayo Clinic , men should aim for 30 to 38 grams of fiber per day. Avocados, lentils, oatmeal, raspberries, peas, and whole-wheat spaghetti are all great sources of fiber. If you struggle to get enough in, your doctor may recommend a supplement. The sugar presentations in middle school health class on soda are, unfortunately, very real. And, you've already read about the calorie arithmetic regarding soda from above. But if you're stuck on the pop, you might need something more flavorful than water to kick the habit. Seltzers have come a long way since club soda, that's for sure. Find a no- or ultra-low-calorie seltzer the kind flavored with real fruit juice and enjoy. The carbonation in seltzer may even trick your stomach into feeling fuller. At least 8 hours, in fact. |
| Eat more protein | Conversely, diets high in whole grains are tied to a lower body mass index BMI and body weight, plus a smaller waist circumference Aim to replace refined carbs from pastries, processed foods, pastas, white breads, and breakfast cereals with whole grains like whole wheat, quinoa, buckwheat, barley, and oats. Cardio, also known as aerobic exercise, is one of the most common forms of exercise. Adding cardio to your routine may be one of the most effective ways to enhance fat burning and weight loss. For example, one review of 15 studies tied increased aerobic exercise to decreased belly fat in middle-age women Other studies have found that aerobic exercise may increase muscle mass and decrease belly fat, waist circumference, and body fat 32 , 33 , Most research recommends — minutes of moderate to vigorous exercise per week, or roughly 20—40 minutes of cardio each day Running, walking, cycling, and swimming are just a few examples of cardio workouts. Studies show that the more aerobic exercise people get, the more body fat they tend to lose. Cardio may also help reduce waist circumference and increase muscle mass. The caffeine in coffee stimulates your central nervous system, increases metabolism, and boosts the breakdown of fatty acids Caffeine has also been shown to enhance fat burning during aerobic exercise, particularly for those who are untrained or sedentary One large review of 12 studies associated increased coffee intake with a lower risk of obesity, especially for men. Another study including 2, people linked higher caffeine intake to a higher rate of success with weight loss maintenance 38 , To maximize the health benefits of coffee, avoid adding large amounts of cream and sugar. Instead, enjoy it black or with a small splash of milk. Coffee contains caffeine, which may boost metabolism and fat breakdown. Studies suggest that high caffeine intake may aid weight loss. High intensity interval training HIIT is a form of exercise that pairs quick bursts of activity with short recovery periods to keep your heart rate elevated. Studies show that HIIT is incredibly effective at ramping up fat burning and promoting sustainable weight loss. One review found that doing HIIT 3 times weekly for an average of 10 weeks significantly reduced body fat mass and waist circumference For an easy way to get started, try alternating between walking and jogging or sprinting for 30 seconds at a time. You can also cycle between exercises like burpees, pushups, or squats with short rest periods in between. HIIT may increase fat burning and help you expend more calories in a shorter period than other forms of exercise. Probiotics are a type of beneficial bacteria found in your digestive tract. In fact, these bacteria have been shown to play a role in everything from immunity to mental health Increasing your intake of probiotics through either food or supplements may also rev up fat burning and support long-term weight management. One review of 15 studies showed that people who took probiotics experienced significantly larger reductions in body weight, fat percentage, and BMI compared with those who took a placebo Another small study showed that taking probiotic supplements helped people following a high fat, high calorie diet stave off fat and weight gain Certain strains of probiotics in the genus Lactobacillus may be especially effective at aiding weight and fat loss Taking supplements is a simple, convenient way to get in a concentrated dose of probiotics every day. Alternatively, you can eat probiotic-rich foods like kefir, tempeh, natto, kombucha, kimchi, and sauerkraut. Taking probiotic supplements or increasing your intake of probiotic foods may help reduce body weight and fat percentage. Intermittent fasting is a diet pattern that involves cycling between periods of eating and fasting. Although it may not be a good fit for everyone, some research indicates that it may enhance both weight loss and fat loss. One review on intermittent fasting examined alternate-day fasting, a method in which you alternate between days of fasting and eating normally. Another small study showed that eating only during an 8-hour window each day helped decrease fat mass and maintain muscle mass when combined with resistance training Intermittent fasting has been shown to reduce body weight and body fat. It may also help preserve muscle mass when combined with resistance training. Studies suggest that gradual weight loss may be more beneficial for improving body composition and reducing body fat. Losing weight slowly may also reduce the risk of putting it back on again later 48, Both dietary strategies and exercise can help reduce belly fat. You lose fat when you take in fewer calories, or less energy, than you use. Exercise can help burn fat and either maintain or build muscle No foods will specifically enable you to burn belly fat, but you are less likely to continue gaining weight if you focus on fresh fruits and vegetables, healthy fats, and whole grains rather than highly processed foods with a lot of refined carbs and added sugar. Rather, you should incorporate healthy habits into your routine, such as eating whole grains instead of refined carbs, replacing sugary drinks with water, trying probiotics, or drinking coffee. Be sure to pair these simple nutrition tips with a well-rounded diet and active lifestyle to promote long-lasting, sustainable fat burning. Finding a friend or family member with similar exercise or lifestyle goals may also help you hold yourself accountable. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. VIEW ALL HISTORY. Patients with diabetes who used GLP-1 drugs, including tirzepatide, semaglutide, dulaglutide, and exenatide had a decreased chance of being diagnosed…. While sleep patterns are different for everyone, most researchers agree that at least 7 hours of sleep is ideal for healthy weight management. On the flip side, not getting enough sleep can alter your hunger hormones and lead to a higher risk of weight gain. To help promote more and better! sleep, develop and stick to a regular sleep schedule. Avoid caffeine and your phone in the hours before going to sleep. Stress causes our bodies to release a hormone called cortisol, which raises blood pressure, squashes the immune system, and can lead to weight gain. By finding ways to reduce stress, you can prevent the spread of cortisol and achieve a happier life overall. Anything that can calm your mind and promote relaxation has stress-busting potential. Find what works for you. Being stressed releases the stress hormone cortisol. It wreaks havoc on your physical and mental health. Fat keeps your metabolism in check and your hormone levels balanced. You definitely want some fat to stick around. But with the good comes the not-so-good. Some types of fat — like our old nemesis visceral fat — can put you at risk for a variety of life-threatening diseases. No matter your reasons for wanting to burn some body fat, focus on getting there through healthy, manageable lifestyle measures like those outlined above:. Healthy, sustainable weight loss takes time. But there are some effective ways to speed up the prices! Here are some great tips to help you reach your…. Worried that Ozempic will make your butt sag? Here's what you need to know. GLP-1, a hormone naturally released by the GI tract after eating, can promote weight loss by reducing appetite and slowing down digestion, helping…. Do Ozempic cause sagging skin? Read on to find out! Do you want to be prescribed weight loss pills? Here's what to ask your doctor. Ozempic is all the rage right now. Although it's originally intended for managing blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes, it's gaining…. There's no one-size-fits-all way to lose weight. But, there are some healthy and effective ways that could work for you! Here are nine tips for weight…. Looking to lose weight, but don't want to skip cocktail hour? You're still in luck! Here are the 11 best alcohol choices for weight loss. Stretch marks are a common side effect of weight changes, including weight loss. They're nothing to be ashamed of — in fact — they are pretty darn…. Ozempic is a noninsulin medicine that was designed to improve blood sugar in adults with type 2 diabetes. Recently, there's a growing trend of people…. Food Meal Prep Diets Weight Supplements Conditions Fitness. The Skinny on Burning Body Fat. Medically reviewed by Jake Tipane, CPT — By Saundra Montijo — Updated on October 14, How to maintain muscle Fitness tips Diet tips tl;dr Share on Pinterest. For men, this sweet spot falls somewhere between 8 to 24 percent. Was this helpful? Some different ways to measure body fat include:. skinfold calipers hydrostatic weighing dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry DXA body circumference measuring. How do I lose fat without losing muscle? This way to the gun show. Bottom line. Just 20 to 40 minutes a day of aerobic exercise, like running, can help you jump-start fat loss. Nibbles, noms, and nutrition. Add protein to your diet to burn more fat, reduce hunger, and maintain muscle mass. Royals should be refined, not carbs. Eating a high-fiber diet will boost your overall health while helping you stay lean. Probiotics promote gut health, which can help you lose weight and reduce fat. Getting at least 7 hours of sleep is probably the best tip for losing weight and keeping it off. No matter your reasons for wanting to burn some body fat, focus on getting there through healthy, manageable lifestyle measures like those outlined above: strength train try HIIT do some cardio drink vinegar eat protein eat healthy fats avoid refined carbs eat whole grains get enough fiber limit alcohol, sodas, and other sweetened drinks take probiotics drink coffee keep your iron levels in check consider intermittent fasting consider the keto diet get enough sleep reduce stress. Aktas G, et al. Treatment of iron deficiency anemia induces weight loss and improves metabolic parameters. Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption is associated with abdominal obesity risk in diabetic patients. Effects of probiotics on body weight, body mass index, fat mass and fat percentage in subjects with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. A randomized trial comparing a very low carbohydrate diet and a calorie-restricted low fat diet on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors in Healthy Women. Can long-term stress make you gain weight? Different modalities of exercise to reduce visceral fat mass and cardiovascular risk in metabolic syndrome: the RESOLVE randomized trial. You can, however, eat a small serving of vegetables here if you wish. This arginine-based supplement is also effective when taken before bed, when it can exert a profound surge in GH levels and support fat-burning. Sure, calories and hormones can determine whether your body deposits food into muscle or as body fat, but meal frequency, or how many times you eat each day, affects your overall metabolism. This is especially true for meals that contain protein. And, of course, eating seven or eight times per day would be even better than six. This is one way to lean out without having to drastically reduce calories. Frequent feedings tend to increase the chance that what you eat will make its way into muscle tissue rather than being packed away as body fat. Do this: Eat small meals per day, spaced hours apart. Determine your ideal daily caloric intake for fat-burning see Rule 1 and divide that more or less evenly between your meals. Depleted, broken-down muscles soak up both protein and carbohydrates for growth and recovery. If you eat too little at this time, you may actually set yourself back by impeding recovery; supporting recovery and growth actually increases metabolism while impeding it slows metabolism. In terms of spurring recovery and growth, just about the most counterproductive thing you can do after a hard workout is starve yourself. Do this: Consume g of protein powder such as whey powder and casein along with g of fast-digesting carbs a large baked potato, slices of white bread, or a large sports drink such as Gatorade as soon as possible within an hour after training. When you hit the gym, the body releases a fat-liberating messenger called epinephrine, which attaches itself to fat cells and allows fat to be burned as fuel. And, you guessed it, carbohydrates come into play here. Refined carbs consumed before training suppress the exercise- and supplement-induced rise in epinephrine compared to eating the same amount of slower-digesting carbs. Refined carbs also boost insulin levels, further hampering fat-burning during the workout. Bottom line, avoid refined carbs altogether before training. Do this: Fifteen to 30 minutes or less before training, consume 20g of protein powder in a whey shake or other protein powder source and g of carbohydrates to help you train hard all the way through your workout. Stick with slow-digesting carbs here, such as oat bran, oatmeal, rye or whole-wheat bread, fruit, or sweet potatoes. On nonworkout days, eat that meal as a snack and drop your post-workout feeding. Glycogen is the unused and stored form of carbohydrates in muscles. When glycogen stores begin to peak from eating plenty of carbs, the body upgrades its fat-storing ability. Conversely, as glycogen stores are depleted, fat-burning increases. One way to kick-start the fat-burning process is to go extremely low-carb on two consecutive days every couple of weeks. This ensures that you tap into your glycogen stores for fuel, which signals the body to burn more fat. Do this: Limit your total carbs on two consecutive days every two weeks or so to less than g per day. This will require you to know how many grams of carbohydrates are in the foods you eat and have the discipline to be very strict on your intake. Your diligence will be rewarded with a noticeable difference in body fat. After two days, you can return to a more normal, though not excessive, carb intake. That type of kamikaze training may satisfy your pysche, but it does a number on your anabolic hormones. If you go overboard in the gym, testosterone and growth hormone go into free fall, and your metabolism follows suit. Cardio exerts two benefits: It burns calories and affects hormone levels in the body. Specifically, cardio helps raise levels of norepinephrine. Yet when you do cardio it makes a big difference in how your body handles the hormonal changes. Cardio on an empty stomach allows norepinephrine to readily target fat cells, which triggers maximal fat-burning. On the flip side, if you eat before doing cardio, and particularly if you eat carbs, the fat-blocking hormone insulin rises, making your body less effective at burning fat. Do this: To ensure that your body is in optimal fat-burning mode, do minutes of cardio first thing in the morning before breakfast days per week. Feel free, however, to drink your morning coffee without cream or sugar and take g of mixed amino acids or a small amount of whey protein powder mixed in water beforehand. The caffeine will help you burn more fat, as will the amino acids whether from a supplement or whey protein , as research from Kanazawa University in Japan has found. |
Effective fat burning strategies -
A common background among group members is helpful but seldom possible. Educational formats that provide practical and relevant nutrition information for program participants are the most successful.
For example, some military weight-management programs include field trips to post exchanges, restaurants fast-food and others , movies, and other places where food is purchased or consumed Vorachek, The involvement of spouses and other family members in an education program increases the likelihood that other members of the household will make permanent changes, which in turn enhances the likelihood that the program participants will continue to lose weight or maintain weight loss Hart et al.
Particular attention must be directed to involvement of those in the household who are most likely to shop for and prepare food. Unless the program participant lives alone, nutrition management is rarely effective without the involvement of family members.
Weight-management programs may be divided into two phases: weight loss and weight maintenance. While exercise may be the most important element of a weight-maintenance program, it is clear that dietary restriction is the critical component of a weight-loss program that influences the rate of weight loss.
Activity accounts for only about 15 to 30 percent of daily energy expenditure, but food intake accounts for percent of energy intake. Thus, the energy balance equation may be affected most significantly by reducing energy intake.
The number of diets that have been proposed is almost innumerable, but whatever the name, all diets consist of reductions of some proportions of protein, carbohydrate CHO and fat. The following sections examine a number of arrangements of the proportions of these three energy-containing macronutrients.
A nutritionally balanced, hypocaloric diet has been the recommendation of most dietitians who are counseling patients who wish to lose weight. This type of diet is composed of the types of foods a patient usually eats, but in lower quantities.
There are a number of reasons such diets are appealing, but the main reason is that the recommendation is simple—individuals need only to follow the U. Department of Agriculture's Food Guide Pyramid. The Pyramid recommends that individuals eat a variety of foods, with the majority being grain products e.
In using the Pyramid, however, it is important to emphasize the portion sizes used to establish the recommended number of servings.
For example, a majority of consumers do not realize that a portion of bread is a single slice or that a portion of meat is only 3 oz. A diet based on the Pyramid is easily adapted from the foods served in group settings, including military bases, since all that is required is to eat smaller portions.
Even with smaller portions, it is not difficult to obtain adequate quantities of the other essential nutrients. Many of the studies published in the medical literature are based on a balanced hypocaloric diet with a reduction of energy intake by to 1, kcal from the patient's usual caloric intake.
The U. Meal replacement programs are commercially available to consumers for a reasonably low cost. The meal replacement industry suggests replacing one or two of the three daily meals with their products, while the third meal should be sensibly balanced. In addition, two snacks consisting of fruits, vegetables, or diet snack bars are recommended each day.
A number of studies have evaluated long-term weight maintenance using meal replacement, either self-managed Flechtner-Mors et al. The largest amount of weight loss occurred early in the studies about the first 3 months of the plan Ditschuneit et al.
One study found that women lost more weight between the third and sixth months of the plan, but men lost most of their weight by the third month Heber et al. All of the studies resulted in maintenance of significant weight loss after 2 to 5 years of follow-up.
Hill's review of Rothacker pointed out that the group receiving meal replacements maintained a small, yet significant, weight loss over the 5-year program, whereas the control group gained a significant amount of weight.
Active intervention, which included dietary counseling and behavior modification, was more effective in weight maintenance when meal replacements were part of the diet Ashley et al.
Meal replacements were also found to improve food patterns, including nutrient distribution, intake of micronutrients, and maintenance of fruit and vegetable intake. Long-term maintenance of weight loss with meal replacements improves biomarkers of disease risk, including improvements in levels of blood glucose Ditschuneit and Fletchner-Mors, , insulin, and triacylglycerol; improved systolic blood pressure Ditschuneit and Fletchner-Mors, ; Ditschuneit et al.
Winick and coworkers evaluated employees in high-stress jobs e. The meal replacements were found to be effective in reducing weight and maintaining weight loss at a 1-year follow-up. In contrast, Bendixen and coworkers reported from Denmark that meal replacements were associated with negative outcomes on weight loss and weight maintenance.
However, this was not an intervention study; participants were followed for 6 years by phone interview and data were self-reported. Unbalanced, hypocaloric diets restrict one or more of the calorie-containing macronutrients protein, fat, and CHO. The rationale given for these diets by their advocates is that the restriction of one particular macronutrient facilitates weight loss, while restriction of the others does not.
Many of these diets are published in books aimed at the lay public and are often not written by health professionals and often are not based on sound scientific nutrition principles. For some of the dietary regimens of this type, there are few or no research publications and virtually none have been studied long term.
Therefore, few conclusions can be drawn about the safety, and even about the efficacy, of such diets. The major types of unbalanced, hypocaloric diets are discussed below.
There has been considerable debate on the optimal ratio of macronutrient intake for adults. This research usually compares the amount of fat and CHO; however, there has been increasing interest in the role of protein in the diet Hu et al.
Although the high-protein diet does not produce significantly different weight loss compared with the high-CHO diet Layman et al. High-protein, low-CHO diets were introduced to the American public during the s and s by Stillman and Baker and by Atkins Atkins, ; Atkins and Linde, , and more recently, by Sears and Lawren While most of these diets have been promoted by nonscientists who have done little or no serious scientific research, some of the regimens have been subjected to rigorous studies Skov et al.
There remains, however, a lack of randomized clinical trials of 2 or more years' duration, which are needed to evaluate the potent beneficial effect of weight loss accomplished using virtually any dietary regimen, no matter how unbalanced on blood lipids.
In addition, longer studies are needed to separate the beneficial effects of weight loss from the long-term effects of consuming an unbalanced diet. These claims are unsupported by scientific data. Although these diets are prescribed to be eaten ad libitum, total daily energy intake tends to be reduced as a result of the monotony of the food choices, other prescripts of the diet, and an increased satiety effect of protein.
In addition, the restriction of CHO intake leads to the loss of glycogen and marked diuresis Coulston and Rock, ; Miller and Lindeman, ; Pi-Sunyer, Thus, the relatively rapid initial weight loss that occurs on these diets predominantly reflects the loss of body water rather than stored fat.
This can be a significant concern for military personnel, where even mild dehydration can have detrimental effects on physical and cognitive performance.
For example, small changes in hydration status can affect a military pilot's ability to sense changes in equilibrium. Results of several recent studies suggest that high-protein, low-CHO diets may have their benefits.
In addition to sparing fat-free mass Piatti et al. Furthermore, a percent protein diet reduced resting energy expenditure to a significantly lesser extent than did a percent protein diet Baba et al.
The length of these studies that examined high-protein diets only lasted 1 year or less; the long-term safety of these diets is not known.
Low-fat diets have been one of the most commonly used treatments for obesity for many years Astrup, ; Astrup et al. The most extreme forms of these diets, such as those proposed by Ornish and Pritikin , recommend fat intakes of no more than 10 percent of total caloric intake.
Although these stringent diets can lead to weight loss, the limited array of food choices make them difficult to maintain for extended periods of time by individuals who wish to follow a normal lifestyle. More modest reductions in fat intake, which make a dietary regimen easier to follow and more acceptable to many individuals, can also promote weight loss Astrup, ; Astrup et al.
For example, Sheppard and colleagues reported that after 1 year, obese women who reduced their fat intake from approximately 39 percent to 22 percent of total caloric intake lost 3. Results of recent studies suggest that fat restriction is also valuable for weight maintenance in those who have lost weight Flatt ; Miller and Lindeman, Dietary fat reduction can be achieved by counting and limiting the number of grams or calories consumed as fat, by limiting the intake of certain foods for example, fattier cuts of meat , and by substituting reduced-fat or nonfat versions of foods for their higher fat counterparts e.
Over the past decade, pursuit of this latter strategy has been simplified by the burgeoning availability of low-fat or fat-free products, which have been marketed in response to evidence that decreasing fat intake can aid in weight control.
The mechanisms for weight loss on a low-fat diet are not clear. Weight loss may be solely the result of a reduction in total energy intake, but another possibility is that a low-fat diet may alter metabolism Astrup, ; Astrup et al.
Support for the latter possibility has come from studies showing that the short-term adherence to a diet containing 20 or 30 percent of calories from fat increased hour energy expenditure in formerly obese women, relative to an isocaloric diet with 40 percent of calories from fat Astrup et al.
Over the past two decades, fat consumption as a percent of total caloric intake has declined in the United States Anand and Basiotis, , while average body weight and the proportion of the American population suffering from obesity have increased significantly Mokdad et al.
Several factors may contribute to this seeming contradiction. First, all individuals appear to selectively underestimate their intake of dietary fat and to decrease normal fat intake when asked to record it Goris et al. If these results reflect the general tendencies of individuals completing dietary surveys, then the amount of fat being consumed by obese and, possibly, nonobese people, is greater than routinely reported.
Second, although the proportion of total calories consumed as fat has decreased over the past 20 years, grams of fat intake per day have remained steady or increased Anand and Basiotis, , indicating that total energy intake increased at a faster rate than did fat intake.
Coupled with these findings is the fact that since the early s, the availability of low-fat and nonfat, but calorie-rich snack foods e. However, total energy intake still matters, and overconsumption of these low-fat snacks could as easily lead to weight gain as intake of their high-fat counterparts Allred, Two recent, comprehensive reviews have reported on the overall impact of low-fat diets.
Astrup and coworkers examined four meta-analyses of weight change that occurred on intervention trials with ad libitum low-fat diets. They found that low-fat diets consistently demonstrated significant weight loss, both in normal-weight and overweight individuals.
A dose-response relationship was also observed in that a 10 percent reduction in dietary fat was predicted to produce a 4- to 5-kg weight loss in an individual with a BMI of Most low-fat diets are also high in dietary fiber, and some investigators attribute the beneficial effects of low-fat diets to the high content of vegetables and fruits that contain large amounts of dietary fiber.
The rationale for using high-fiber diets is that they may reduce energy intake and may alter metabolism Raben et al. The beneficial effects of dietary fiber might be accomplished by the following mechanisms: 1 caloric dilution most high-fiber foods are low in calories and low in fat ; 2 longer chewing and swallowing time reduces total intake; 3 improved gastric and intestinal motility and emptying and less absorption French and Read, ; Leeds, ; McIntyre et al.
Dietary fiber is not a panacea, and the vast majority of controlled studies of the effects of dietary fiber on weight loss show minimal or no reduction in body weight LSRO, ; Pasman et al.
Many individuals and companies promote the use of dietary fiber supplements for weight loss and reductions in cardiovascular and cancer risks. Numerous studies, usually short-term and using purified or partially purified dietary fiber, have shown reductions in serum lipids, glucose, or insulin Jenkins et al.
Long-term studies have usually not confirmed these findings LSRO, ; Pasman et al. Current recommendations suggest that instead of eating dietary fiber supplements, a diet of foods high in whole fruits and vegetables may have favorable effects on cardiovascular and cancer risk factors Bruce et al.
Such diets are often lower in fat and higher in CHOs. Very-low-calorie diets VLCDs were used extensively for weight loss in the s and s, but have fallen into disfavor in recent years Atkinson, ; Bray, a; Fisler and Drenick, The VLCDs used most frequently consist of powdered formulas or limited-calorie servings of foods that contain a high-quality protein source, CHO, a small percentage of calories as fat, and the daily recommendations of vitamins and minerals Kanders and Blackburn, ; Wadden, The servings are eaten three to five times per day.
The primary goal of VLCDs is to produce relatively rapid weight loss without substantial loss in lean body mass. To achieve this goal, VLCDs usually provide 1. VLCDs are not appropriate for all overweight individuals, and they are usually limited to patients with a BMI of greater than 25 some guidelines suggest a BMI of 27 or even 30 who have medical complications associated with being overweight and have already tried more conservative treatment programs.
Additionally, because of the potential detrimental side effects of these diets e. On a short-term basis, VLCDs are relatively effective, with weight losses of approximately 15 to 30 kg over 12 to 20 weeks being reported in a number of studies Anderson et al.
However, the long-term effectiveness of these diets is somewhat limited. Approximately 40 to 50 percent of patients drop out of the program before achieving their weight-loss goals. In addition, relatively few people who lose large amounts of weight using VLCDs are able to sustain the weight loss when they resume normal eating.
In two studies, only 30 percent of patients who reached their goal were able to maintain their weight loss for at least 18 months. Within 1 year, the majority of patients regained approximately two-thirds of the lost weight Apfelbaum et al.
In a more recent study with longer followup, the average regain over the first 3 years of follow-up was 73 percent.
However, weight tended to stabilize over the fourth year. At 5 years, the dieters had maintained an average of 23 percent of their initial weight loss.
At 7 years, 25 percent of the dieters were maintaining a weight loss of 10 percent of their initial body weight Anderson et al. It appears that VLCDs are more effective for long-term weight loss than hypocaloric-balanced diets.
In a meta-analysis of 29 studies, Anderson and colleagues examined the long-term weight-loss maintenance of individuals put on a VLCD diet with behavioral modification as compared with individuals put on a hypocaloric-balanced diet.
They found that VLCD participants lost significantly more weight initially and maintained significantly more weight loss than participants on the hypocaloric-balanced diet see Table Almost any kind of assistance provided to participants in a weight-management program can be characterized as support services.
These can include emotional support, dietary support, and support services for physical activity. The support services used most often are structured in a standard way. Other services are developed to meet the specific needs of a site, program, or the individual involved.
With few exceptions, almost any weight-management program is likely to be more successful if it is accompanied by support services Heshka et al. However, not all services will be productively applicable to all patients, and not all can be made available in all settings. Furthermore, some weight-loss program participants will be reluctant to use any support services.
Psychological and emotional factors play a significant role in weight management. Counseling services are those that consider psychological issues associated with inappropriate eating and that are structured to inform the patient about the nature of these issues, their implications, and the possibilities available for their ongoing management.
This intervention is less elaborate, intense, and sustaining than psychotherapy services. For example, it should be useful to help patients understand the existence and nature of a sabotaging household or the phenomenon of stress-related eating without undertaking continuing psychotherapy.
A counselor or therapist can provide this service either in individual or group sessions. These counselors should, however, be sufficiently familiar with the issues that arise with weight-management programs, such as binge eating and purging.
Short-term, individual case management can be helpful, as can group sessions because patients can hear the perspective of other individuals with similar weight-management concerns while addressing their individual concerns Hughes et al. Psychotherapy services, both individual and group, can also be useful.
However, the costs of this type of service limits its applicability to many patients. Nevertheless, the value for individual patients can be substantial, and the option should not be dismissed simply because of cost. Concerns about childhood abuse, emotional linkages to sustaining obesity fat-dependent personality , and the management of coexisting mental health problems are the kinds of issues that might be addressed with this type of support service.
The individual therapist can structure the format of the therapy but, as with counseling services, the therapist should be familiar with weight-management issues.
Nonprofessional patient-led groups and counseling, such as those available with organized programs like Take Off Pounds Sensibly and Overeaters Anonymous, can be useful adjuncts to weight-loss efforts. These programs have the advantages of low cost, continuing support and encouragement, and a semi-structured approach to the issues that arise among weight-management patients.
Their disadvantage is that, since the counseling is nonprofessional in nature, the programs are only as good as the people who are involved. These peer-support programs are more likely to be productive when they are used as a supplement to a program with professional therapists and counselors.
In Overeaters Anonymous, a variant of these groups is a sponsor-system program that pairs individuals who can help one another. Certain commercial programs like Weight Watchers and Jenny Craig can also be helpful.
Since commercial groups have their own agenda, caution must be exercised to avoid contradictions between the advice of professional counselors and that of the supportive commercial program. Since the counselors in commercial programs are not likely to be professionals, the quality of counseling offered by these programs varies with the training of the counselors.
Many communities offer supplemental weight-management services. Educational services, particularly in nutrition, may be provided through community adult education using teaching materials from nonprofit organizations such as the American Heart Association, the American Diabetes Association, and government agencies FDA, National Institutes of Health, and U.
Department of Agriculture. Many community hospitals have staff dietitians who are available for out-patient individual counseling Pavlou et al. However, the military's TRICARE health services contracts would need to be modified to include dietitian services from community hospitals or other community services since these contracts do not currently include medical nutrition therapy and therefore dietitian counseling.
The family unit can be a source of significant assistance to an individual in a weight-management program. For example, program dropout rates tend to be lower when a participant's spouse is involved in the program Jeffery et al. With simple guidance and direction, the involvement of the spouse as a form of reinforcement rather than as a source of discipline and monitoring can become a resource to assist in supporting the participant.
However, individual family members or the family as a group can become an obstacle when they express reluctance to make changes in food and eating patterns within the household. Issues of family conflict become more complex when the participants are children or adolescents or when spouses are reluctant to relinquish status quo positions of control.
A variety of Internet- and web-related services are available to individuals who are trying to manage their weight Davison, ; Gray and Raab, ; Riva et al.
As with any other Internet service, the quality of these sites varies substantially Miles et al. An important role for weight-management professionals is to review such sites so they can recommend those that are the most useful. The use of e-mail counseling services by military personnel who travel frequently or who are stationed in remote locations has been tested at one facility; initial results are promising James et al.
The use of web-based modalities by qualified counselors or facilitators located at large military installations would extend the accessibility of such services to personnel located at small bases or stationed in remote locations. Support is also required for military personnel who need to enhance their levels of physical fitness and physical activity.
All branches of the services have remedial physical fitness training programs for personnel who fail their fitness test, but support is also needed for those who need to lose weight and for all personnel to aid in maintaining proper weight.
Support services should include personnel, facilities, and equipment, and should provide practical advice on how to begin and progress through physical training routines including proper use of training equipment and how to prevent musculoskeletal injuries , as well as advice on when and how to eat in conjunction with physical activity demands.
Success in the promotion of weight loss can sometimes be achieved with the use of drugs. Almost all prescription drugs in current use cause weight loss by suppressing appetite or enhancing satiety. One drug, however, promotes weight loss by inhibiting fat digestion.
To sustain weight loss, these drugs must be taken on a continuing basis; when their use is discontinued, some or all of the lost weight is typically regained.
Therefore, when drugs are effective, it is expected that their use will continue indefinitely. For maximum benefit and safety, the use of weight-loss drugs should occur only in the context of a comprehensive weight-loss program.
For example, many people dilute apple cider vinegar with water and drink it as a beverage a few times per day with meals.
SUMMARY: Vinegar may help increase feelings of fullness, decrease calorie intake and lower body fat. Although it may seem counterintuitive, increasing your intake of healthy fats may actually help prevent weight gain and help you maintain feelings of fullness.
Fat takes a while to digest and can help slow the emptying of the stomach, which can reduce appetite and hunger One study found that following a Mediterranean diet rich in healthy fats from olive oil and nuts was associated with a lower risk of weight gain compared to a low-fat diet Another small study found that when people on a weight loss diet took two tablespoons 30 ml of coconut oil daily, they lost more belly fat than those who were given soybean oil Meanwhile, unhealthy types of fat like trans fats have been shown to increase body fat, waist circumference and belly fat in human and animal studies 20 , Olive oil, coconut oil, avocados, nuts and seeds are just a few examples of healthy types of fat that may have beneficial effects on fat burning.
However, keep in mind that healthy fat is still high in calories, so moderate how much you consume. Instead of eating more fat overall, try swapping the unhealthy fats in your diet for these healthy fat varieties. SUMMARY: Fat is digested slowly, so eating it can help reduce appetite.
A higher intake of healthy fats is associated with a lower risk of weight gain and decreased belly fat. Swapping out empty-calorie drinks for some healthier selections is one of the easiest ways to increase fat burning. For example, sugar-sweetened beverages like soda and juice are packed with calories and offer little nutritional value.
Alcohol is also high in calories and has the added effect of lowering your inhibitions, making you more likely to overeat Studies have found that consuming both sugar-sweetened beverages and alcohol is associated with a higher risk of belly fat 23 , Limiting your intake of these beverages can help reduce your calorie intake and keep your waistline in check.
In one small, week study, drinking 17 ounces ml of water before meals increased weight loss by 4. Green tea is another great option. It contains caffeine and is rich in antioxidants, both of which may help increase fat burning and enhance metabolism 26 , Trading in even just one or two servings of high-calorie beverages for a glass of water or a cup of green tea is a simple way to promote fat burning.
SUMMARY: Sugar-sweetened beverages and alcoholic drinks may be associated with a higher risk of belly fat. Green tea and water have been shown to increase weight loss and fat burning.
Soluble fiber absorbs water and moves through the digestive tract slowly, helping you feel fuller for longer According to some studies, increasing your intake of high-fiber foods may protect against weight gain and fat accumulation. One study of 1, adults found that for each gram increase in soluble fiber intake per day, participants lost 3.
Another review also found that increasing fiber intake promoted feelings of fullness and decreased hunger. Not only that, but it was also linked to nearly 4. Fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, nuts and seeds are a few examples of high-fiber foods that can boost fat burning and weight loss.
SUMMARY: A higher intake of fiber may be associated with fat loss, decreased calorie intake and greater weight loss. Refined carbs also tend to have a higher glycemic index, which can cause spikes and crashes in blood sugar levels, resulting in increased hunger Studies show that a diet high in refined carbs may be associated with increased belly fat 33 , Conversely, a diet high in whole grains has been associated with a lower body mass index and body weight, plus a smaller waist circumference One study in 2, people also showed that those with higher intakes of refined grains tended to have a higher amount of disease-promoting belly fat, while those who ate more whole grains tended to have a lower amount For the best results, reduce your intake of refined carbs from pastries, processed foods, pastas, white breads and breakfast cereals.
Replace them with whole grains such as whole wheat, quinoa, buckwheat, barley and oats. SUMMARY: Refined carbs are low in fiber and nutrients. They may increase hunger and cause spikes and crashes in blood sugar levels. Consuming refined carbs has also been associated with increased belly fat.
Cardio, also known as aerobic exercise, is one of the most common forms of exercise and is defined as any type of activity that increases your heart rate. For example, one review of 16 studies found that the more aerobic exercise people got, the more belly fat they lost Other studies have found that aerobic exercise can increase muscle mass and decrease belly fat, waist circumference and body fat 38 , 39 , Most research recommends between — minutes of moderate to vigorous exercise weekly, or roughly 20—40 minutes of cardio each day Running, walking, cycling and swimming are just a few examples of some cardio exercises that can help burn fat and kick-start weight loss.
SUMMARY: Studies show that the more aerobic exercise people get, the more belly fat they tend to lose. Cardio may also help reduce waist circumference, lower body fat and increase muscle mass. Caffeine is a primary ingredient in just about every fat-burning supplement, and for good reason.
The Western diet is increasingly high in added sugars, which has definite links to obesity , even when the sugar occurs in beverages rather than food. These include white rice, white bread, and regular pasta. These foods are quick to digest, and they convert to glucose rapidly.
Excess glucose enters the blood and provokes the hormone insulin , which promotes fat storage in the adipose tissue. This contributes to weight gain. A study links the consumption of more refined grains with weight gain. Studies show that whole grains are more likely to reduce hunger and increase fullness, which could lead to decreases in calorie intake.
Where possible, people should swap highly processed and sugary foods for more nutritionally dense options. Good food swaps include:. Dietary fiber describes plant-based carbohydrates that are impossible to digest in the small intestine, unlike sugar and starch.
Including plenty of fiber in the diet can increase the feeling of fullness, potentially leading to weight loss. One emerging area of research is focusing on the role of bacteria in the gut on weight management. The human gut hosts a vast number and variety of microorganisms, including around 39 trillion bacteria.
Every individual has different types and amounts of bacteria in their gut. Some types may increase the amount of energy the person extracts from food , leading to fat deposition and weight gain. Numerous studies have shown that getting fewer than 5—6 hours of sleep per night is associated with an increased incidence of obesity.
There are several reasons behind this. Research suggests that insufficient or poor-quality sleep slows down the process in which the body converts calories to energy, called metabolism. When metabolism is less effective, the body may store unused energy as fat.
In addition, poor sleep can promote insulin resistance and increase levels of cortisol, which also promote fat storage.
How long someone sleeps also affects the regulation of the appetite-controlling hormones leptin and ghrelin. Leptin sends signals of fullness to the brain.
However, when people are under constant stress, cortisol can remain in the bloodstream for longer, which will increase their appetite and potentially lead to them eating more. Insulin then transports the sugar from carbohydrates from the blood to the muscles and brain.
If the individual does not use this sugar in fight or flight, the body will store it as fat. If an individual does not immediately use this sugar, the body will either store it is glycogen, the storage form of glucose, or fat.
Researchers found that implementing an 8-week stress-management intervention program alongside a low-calorie diet resulted in a significant reduction in the body mass index BMI of children and adolescents who were overweight or have obesity. Losing 10 pounds in 3 days is an unrealistic goal for most people and could entail unsafe dieting behaviors.
Rapid weight loss like this may also make it more likely that someone will put weight back on, rather than losing the weight permanently. To lose 20 pounds in a month, people must burn more calories than they take in, either through dietary changes or increased physical activity.
However, rapid weight loss like this may not be a viable long-term option and could increase the risk of health complications, such as gallstones. Losing weight too quickly may also increase the risk of certain health complications, such as gallstones, or complications associated with unhealthy dieting behaviors, such as dehydration or nutritional deficiencies.
People who experience rapid weight loss may be more likely to put weight back on in the future.
Having too little dtrategies fat can be stratehies as dangerous as having too much. This means maintaining a Arthritis and weight management body fat percentage between Effective fat burning strategies to Effective fat burning strategies percent for women and 2 to 5 percent for men. Falling below that can cause a bunch of unpleasantness, including:. Without body fat, your body may even start to break down muscle, which can make you feel weak and tired. There are many ways to measure body fat percentage.Effective fat burning strategies -
If you have any medical condition or injury, check with a healthcare provider before training. If you're doing several days of cardio each week, you would probably want only one or two workouts to fall into the high-intensity range.
You can use other workouts to target different fitness areas like endurance and allow your body to recover. Here are some examples of how to incorporate high-intensity workouts.
One way to incorporate high-intensity workouts is to exercise at a fast pace. You can use any activity or machine for a minute workout at a fast pace, but the idea is to stay in the high-intensity work zone throughout the workout.
Twenty minutes is usually the recommended length, and most people wouldn't want to go much longer than that. Tabata training is another form of high-intensity interval training in which you work very hard for 20 seconds, rest for 10 seconds, and repeat for 4 minutes. In this workout, you should be breathless and unable to talk.
Additionally, interval training is a great way to incorporate high-intensity training without doing it continuously. Alternate a hard segment e. Repeat this series for the length of the workout, usually around 20 to 30 minutes. That would be a level four to six on a point perceived exertion scale.
You are breathing harder than usual, but can carry on a conversation without much difficulty. Schedule your day around exercise instead of trying to squeeze it in when you can. Making your workout a priority increases the chances that you will accomplish your goal.
The American College of Sports Medicine ACSM often recommends this level of intensity in its exercise guidelines. The lower end of this range usually incorporates the fat-burning zone. Moderate-intensity workouts also have some great benefits.
For instance, even modest movement can improve your health while lowering your risk of heart disease, diabetes, and high blood pressure. Also, it takes time to build up the endurance and strength to handle challenging exercises. Moderate workouts allow you to work at a more comfortable pace, which means you may be more consistent with your program.
You also can usually get into the moderate heart rate zones with a variety of activities. Even raking leaves or shoveling snow can fall into that category if you do it vigorously enough. For weight management, you would likely want the majority of your cardio workouts to fall into the moderate range.
Some examples include:. This level of intensity is no doubt one of the most comfortable areas of exercise, keeping you at a pace that isn't too taxing and doesn't pose much of a challenge.
This fact, along with the idea that it burns more fat, makes low-intensity exercise popular. But, as we've learned, working at a variety of intensities is ideal for weight loss.
That doesn't mean that low-intensity exercise has no purpose, though. It involves the long, slow activities you feel like you could do all day.
Even better, it includes activities you usually enjoy, such as taking a stroll, gardening, riding a bike, or a gentle stretching routine.
Low-intensity cardio can be something you do all day long by doing an extra lap when you're shopping, taking the stairs , parking farther from the entrance, and doing more physical chores around the house. Exercise such as Pilates and yoga are at a lower intensity but help develop your core, flexibility, and balance.
They can be a part of a well-rounded routine. It may seem like a no-brainer that regular exercise can help you burn fat. But it's not just about the calories you're burning. It's also about the adaptations your body makes when you exercise on a regular basis.
Many of those adaptations lead directly to your ability to burn more fat without even trying. Adding more muscle by lifting weights and doing other resistance exercises can also help with burning fat. While many people focus more on cardio for weight loss, there's no doubt that strength training is a key component in any weight loss routine.
Here are some benefits of weight training. If you lift weights at a higher intensity, you can increase your afterburn, or the calories you burn after your workout. That means that you burn calories during your workouts, but your body continues to burn calories even after your workout while your body gets back to its resting state.
Lifting weights and maintaining muscle helps keep the metabolism up, even if you're cutting your calories.
If you are restricting calories, you risk losing muscle. Muscle is metabolically active , so when you lose it, you also lose the extra calorie burn muscles produce. To start, choose a basic total body workout and do that about twice a week, with at least one day in between.
As you get stronger, you can do more exercises, increase intensity, or add more days of strength training. It may take a few weeks but you'll eventually see and feel a difference in your body. If you want a more structured program, try a four-week slow build program which includes a schedule of cardio and strength workouts that allows you to gradually increase your intensity.
When it comes to burning more fat, you have to work at it. The good news is that it doesn't take much activity to push the body into that fat burning mode. Try incorporating some type of activity every day, even if it's just a quick walk.
Then, build on that over time. Soon you're on the way to burning more fat. It also can be beneficial to work with a registered dietitian or certified personal trainer to develop a more individualized program.
Mul JD, Stanford KI, Hirshman MF, Goodyear LJ. Exercise and regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. Chiu CH, Ko MC, Wu LS, et al. Benefits of different intensity of aerobic exercise in modulating body composition among obese young adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. Calorie Control Council. Get moving calculator. Department of Health and Human Services. Activity guidelines questions and answers. Centers for Disease Control. Measuring physical activity intensity. Willis LH, Slentz CA, Bateman LA, et al.
J Appl Physiol Carey DG. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. Use limited data to select advertising. Create profiles for personalised advertising. Use profiles to select personalised advertising. Create profiles to personalise content. Use profiles to select personalised content.
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Develop and improve services. Use limited data to select content. List of Partners vendors. By Paige Waehner, CPT. Paige Waehner, CPT. Learn about our editorial process. I usually reduce my fat and carb intake, especially during the last weeks before a show," says Cologlu.
Over the years, this method has gotten easier for him, since he's been able to develop a sturdy, muscular foundation from continuous training. In fact, as he's built more muscle, Cologlu hasn't had to diet quite so strictly, since muscle is metabolically active tissue and uses more calories than fat on a daily basis.
Adding muscle "makes it mentally easier knowing that I can eat more this time around than I did in previous cutting cycles," Cologlu explains. While your overall calorie intake is the primary driver of fat loss, the next important thing to consider is the macronutrient breakdown of your individual intake.
Grenade athlete Jamie Alderton likes to play with his macronutrient ratios to achieve a specific body composition, rather than simply slashing calories.
This reduction will either be from dropping 11 grams of fat or 25 grams of carbs. I like to keep my protein as high as possible and will always first manipulate my fat intake to help lose body fat. Some of Jamie's favorite food sources include filet steak, chicken, ostrich, and Greek yogurt for protein; plus basmati rice, white potatoes, chocolate rice cakes, oatmeal, and Skittles for carbs.
For fats, he likes to nosh on cashews, cashew butter, dark chocolate, avocados, and butter. With this food flexibility, Jamie is able to stick to his diet without issue.
These numbers correlate to protein, carbs, and fat. There are several ways to arrange your macronutrient composition, but in general you should prioritize protein and keep your protein high on a cut to maintain muscle and promote satiety.
Minimize processed foods and focus on whole foods, experts say. Of course, that's always easier said than done because whole foods still span a mile-long list of potential things you could eat. Athlete and personal trainer Vincent Russo has a few favorite foods to recommend that can help you drop fat:.
In addition to making good foods even better, specific spices can actually support your fat-loss goals. Fitness model and Grenade athlete Preston Noble is a big fan of cayenne pepper, which has been suggested to increase metabolism and may even help you burn fat.
Russo also turns up the heat in his food for added fat-burning potential with chili powder and cayenne. While spice tolerance can vary, Russo lauds the benefits of capsaicin—the compound responsible for giving peppers their kick—for its ability to increase your metabolism.
Even if spicy food isn't your favorite, it may be worth including on your plate for these reasons. Russo also loves green tea when he's on a fat-fighting mission. Green tea extract contains active polyphenols that have been shown to have a significant effect on fat loss.
Once you have your nutrition and training basics nailed down, you can get into the nitty-gritty of timing your meals around workouts. Russo likes to break his daily caloric intake into meals a day to keep from getting hungry and to spur protein synthesis—the pathway your body uses to make new muscle tissue—every few hours.
Eating times per day is by no means a hard-and-fast rule, of course. If this sort of schedule doesn't seem to work for you, having large meals a day—so long as you hit your target calories and macronutrients—won't destroy your results. Just be sure to get a solid meal before and after your workouts—or a pre-workout meal and post-workout protein shake—so you don't train without fuel or compromise your recovery.
Short for high-intensity interval training, HIIT is a great way to tackle your cardio quickly and burn more fat than traditional slow-paced cardio. In fact, HIIT is one of Noble's go-to strategies for burning more fat.
Check out his favorite HIIT session on a stationary bike:. If you really hate jumping on the treadmill or bike—-even for a few minutes of HIIT—then don't feel bound to those machines. With just a few pieces of equipment and a hankering for adventure, you can make your cardio fun and effective.
Take Cologlu's typical cardio session as an example. It's only 10 minutes long, and he gets to have fun burning fat by tossing a tire around. Already have a Bodybuilding. com account with BodyFit? Sign In. Don't risk doing a workout improperly!
Avoid injury and keep your form in check with in-depth instructional videos. View our enormous library of workout photos and see exactly how each exercise should be done before you give it a shot.
Effective fat burning strategies changes to your diet, such as strategues Effective fat burning strategies protein and fewer refined Digestive health practices, may help strateges fat loss over time bufning benefit your overall health. Although sgrategies fad diets and fat-burning supplements promise quick results, modifying your diet, lifestyle, and exercise routine is Effectie most effective way to reach and maintain a healthy weight. Several simple steps can promote long lasting, sustainable fat loss while improving your overall health. Strength training is a type of exercise in which your muscles contract against resistance. It builds muscle mass and increases strength over time, and it usually involves lifting weights.
Your body Herbal weight loss recipes calories as fat to keep Effective fat burning strategies alive and safe. There are many stratebies that Effective fat burning strategies to amplify burinng burning, such as Edfective out Effective fat burning strategies burninng fat-burning zone, spot reductionand foods or supplements that supposedly make you burn more fat. If you intend to reduce the amount of fat stored in your body, learn how to burn fat through a variety of types of exercise instead of seeking a quick fix that is not likely to work. Here's what you need to know. If you're trying to reduce your body's fat stores, knowing how your body uses calories for fuel can make a difference in how you approach weight management. You get your energy from fat, carbohydrates, and protein.
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