Which is why it accounts for more deaths than any other cancers of the female reproductive system. Chemoprevention is regarded as an efficient strategy to prevent cancer.

The most useful cancer chemopreventive compounds will have minimal long-term toxicity, while significantly reducing cancer incidence, delaying cancer onset or preventing cancer progression.

Pycnogenol® Pyc is a proprietary mixture of water-soluble bioflavonoids extracted from the bark of French maritime pine Pinus pinaster Aiton. Recently, Pyc has been shown to selectively induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells in vitro.

The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of Pyc to inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Cells were then processed for MTT assay or DAPI staining. MTT: MTT solution was added to each well and incubated for 4hr. DMSO was added to dissolve the crystals and the absorbance was read.

A decrease in absorbance indicates a loss in cell viability. DAPI: Cells were harvested, incubated with DAPI and viewed microscopically for evidence of apoptosis. Apoptosis is detectable by morphology, chromatin condensation, nuclear DNA fragmentation, DNA strand breakage or apoptotic bodies.

DAPI is a DNA-binding fluorescent dye used to visualize DNA fragmentation. Results of MTT assays showed a slight dose-dependent increase in cell viability for the benign ML5TA cells. Pyc decreased cell viability of the malignant TOVG and PA-1 cells.

Apoptosis, as detected by DAPI staining, was significantly higher for PA-1 cells than for the others. Nine out of ten treatments were significantly different for the PA-1 treated cells, whereas six out of ten ML5TA treatments and five out of ten TOVG treatments were significantly different in comparison to their respective controls.

Taken together, our data indicate that Pyc is selectively toxic for ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Further studies exploring the mechanism behind this result would be of interest to the field of chemoprevention.

Side effects may include the following:. If you experience these or other side effects that don't resolve on their own, contact your healthcare provider. Remember that most clinical trials have only studied pycnogenol for up to three months. Little is known about the effects of long-term use.

Little is known about pycnogenol's interactions with prescription medicines or other herbal supplements. Some possible drug interactions include the following:. Do keep the following precautions in mind when using pycnogenol:. Dietary supplements are not regulated like prescription medications in the United States.

Therefore, some may be safer than others. When choosing a supplement , consider factors such as third-party testing, potential drug interactions, and other safety concerns. Talk to a healthcare provider or a registered dietitian nutritionist RD or RDN about supplement quality and safety.

Pycnogenol is an antioxidant-rich herbal supplement made from pine bark. It may be helpful for people with OA and could help lower the risk of heart disease and diabetes. Clinical trials using pycnogenol are very limited, though. Stronger data are needed before it can be recommended for most conditions.

Pycnogenol has not been proven safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding or for children under 6. It also may interact with blood pressure and diabetes medicines, NSAIDs, and some cancer medicines.

Pycnogenol has been studied for many conditions, from asthma to traumatic brain injury TBI , but there's not much evidence it works.

Some reviews suggest it reduced osteoarthritis pain or prevented heart disease or diabetes, but more clinical trials are needed. Probably not. In fact, a small study of postmenopausal females showed that pycnogenol promoted hair growth. In small clinical trials, pycnogenol has been shown to protect against ultraviolet UV rays, improve skin elasticity , and reduce melasma overpigmentation of the skin.

Small studies suggest it may be helpful in males with erectile dysfunction who also take antidepressants or have diabetes. A review of clinical trials determined that there isn't enough evidence to know whether pycnogenol improves erectile function or other aspects of sexual health.

Robertson NU, Schoonees A, Brand A, et al. Pine bark Pinus spp. extract for treating chronic disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Sahebkar A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of pycnogenol on plasma lipids.

J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. Malekahmadi M, Moradi Moghaddam O, Islam SMS, et al. Evaluation of the effects of pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers and nutritional and clinical status in traumatic brain injury patients in an intensive care unit: A randomized clinical trial protocol.

Published Feb Verlaet AA, Ceulemans B, Verhelst H, et al. Effect of Pycnogenol® on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD : Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Belcaro G, Cornelli U, Luzzi R, et al. Pycnogenol® supplementation improves health risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Phytother Res. Simpson T, Kure C, Stough C. Assessing the efficacy and mechanisms of pycnogenol® on cognitive aging from in vitro animal and human studies.

Front Pharmacol. Becit M, Aydin S. An in vitro study on the interactions of Pycnogenol® with Cisplatin in human cervical cancer cells. Turk J Pharm Sci. Ekinci B, Suleyman B, Mammadov R, et al.

Beneficial interaction of pycnogenol with indomethacin in rats. Gen Physiol Biophys. Malekahmadi M, Moradi Moghaddam O, Firouzi S, et al.

Effects of pycnogenol on cardiometabolic health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res. Ross SM. Allergic Rhinitis: A Proprietary Extract of Pinus pinaster Aiton Pycnogenol Is Found to Improve the Symptoms Associated With Allergic Rhinitis.

Holist Nurs Pract. Zhao H, Wu J, Wang N, et al. Oral pycnogenol® intake benefits the skin in urban Chinese outdoor workers: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, and crossover intervention study.

Skin Pharmacol Physiol. Pourmasoumi M, Hadi A, Mohammadi H, Rouhani MH. Effect of pycnogenol supplementation on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Only one case of deep vein thrombosis occurred in the Pycnogenol group whereas 2 cases of superficial vein thromboses and one case of deep vein thrombosis occurred in the control group 2.

Thirty four chemotherapy patients were supplemented with Pycnogenol and another 30 patients were in the control group. For all patients this was the first chemotherapy treatment period. The Pycnogenol group presented with a lowered incidence of all investigated side effects as compared to the control group, though in many cases to a limited extent.

The most prominent improvements were found for nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and weight loss. Semi-quantitative evaluation showed that here again symptom severity was half or less pronounced than in the control group.

Various further symptoms improved such as cognitive impairment and also cardiotoxicity and neutropenia. Effects on anemia could not be investigated as several patients received erythrocyte transfusion.

Next I'll introduce you to a respected colleague and friend, Dr. Lamar Rosquist, N. ROSQUIST: This is Dr. Lamar Rosquist speaking. I'm making this tape in an effort to acquaint you with an experience that I've had in using an extraordinary compound called pycnogenol. I'm not going to mention any trade name, I'm just going to talk strictly about a product that has been, I think, one of the greatest discoveries or re-discoveries of the century.

Pycnogenol is a flavonoid that is proven to be 20 times more powerful as a flavonoid per milligram than one milligram of vitamin C, and 50 times per milligram more potent than a milligram of vitamin E.

So you can see it's quite a powerful flavonoid. This compound, pycnogenol. has produced a myriad of results which I've never seen with any other nutritional approaches that I've used in the past. In reading the literature that my friend brought me, I saw that this was a compound was tremendous in helping to resolve phlebitis or inflammation of the vein, thrombophlebitis and to help eliminate blood clots in the vein.

To help reduce faracoscies phonetic , to increase circulation, to strengthen the vascular walls. I read that it would help people who had previously suffered CVAs, Cerebral Vascular Accidents, or we commonly call strokes, and it would help strengthen their vascular systems so that it wouldn't be so easy for them to experience a second stroke.

It would also help people who had previous heart attacks. The reason it would help them is because it would strengthen the vascular walls.

The vessels would not be so permeable and weak, which allows fluids to flow in and out of the blood vessel walls into the tissue spaces. The linings of the vessels would be stronger, so when a person had too much stress or too much pressure, their risk of a heart attack or a stroke would be greatly reduced.

Just the mere fact that I could take something that would help protect me so that I would not have to have other problems or episodes with my veins such as I had had, I was willing to take the pycnogenol.

I was also willing to take pycnogenol because of my family history. Some of my previous members had weak blood vessels and had strokes and heart attacks. For these reasons I was willing to take pycnogenol as a preventative measure.

For sometime I had a prostate problem, and usually men in their 60's get prostate problems. I would have to get up, as many men do, in the middle of the night to eliminate and void the bladder.

I read in the literature that this product helps inflammation and inflammatory conditions and I realized that when a person has to void the bladder, there's usually an inflammation of the prostate gland or prostatitis. So, if it will help eliminate inflammatory conditions, it would help the prostate as well as any other type of inflammatory illness that might exist in the body such as phlebitis, which is inflammation of the vein, thrombophlebitis, which is inflammation of the vein with a blood clot, and arthritis which is inflammation of the various articular joints of the body.

So, I started taking 11 of these a day. It was only a matter of a week when I noticed that I didn't have to get up in the middle of the night to void my bladder.

I also noticed that the pain in both my thumbs, my fingers and the weakness in my knees while going upstairs have all disappeared. I had a man from Grand Forks, North Dakota sent to me by his daughter.

He had been diagnosed as having terminal lung cancer with tumors in both lungs and they were in areas that were inoperable. Obviously they couldn't operate on the lung and remove the tumors because then he wouldn't have enough lung left to receive oxygen to sustain life.

So they told him that he was too far gone for surgery. They thought chemotherapy and radiation would be too rough on him. They just literally sent him home to die.

He came out to my office, I examined him. Here was a man who was in a very bad condition. His nose was purple, his hands were purple, his face was purple, his lips were purple.

He was breathing in short pants, really struggling for oxygen and I didn't know what I could do. But I knew I had been having success with pycnogenol. So I put him on pycnogenol and gave him some other anti-oxidants, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C and zinc and sent him back to his home in Grand Forks, North Dakota.

I didn't know what was going to happen to him. I put him on the saturation dosage like I take. In another 30 days he called me and said I've good news and I've got bad news. And I said, well, give me the bad news first. He said they've discovered that I have a heart problem besides my lung problems and so my doctors here in Grand Forks took all my records, my x-rays, put them in a packet and sent me to Rochester, Minnesota to the Mayo Clinic because my case was too complicated.

When I arrived there, they put me in the hospital, did all kinds of tests and x-rays for a period of seven days. And at the end of seven days they called me into the consultation room and told me that the tumors in my left lung had totally disappeared and they wanted to know what I had done.

So, I told them that I had been going to a doctor in Salt Lake and he put me on this special compound that came from France. So they told me whatever you do continue to take it. So I continued to take the product and they told me to come back in 30 days, that now because one lung was better that they could possibly do surgery and if my heart was okay, they were going to do an angiogram on the next visit.

And so I went back there in 30 days, they were going to do the angiogram and they put me in the hospital again. Did the same procedures but this time it was only for three days. And at the end of this time they took me aside and said, now tell us again, what have you been doing?

And he said, well, I told you I've been taking these vitamins from this doctor and this compound from France. And, he said, why do you ask? And they said, your tumors are gone in the right lung as well. Because the tumors are gone in the right and the left lung and your breathing is so much better, we don't have to do the angiogram.

And he said, well, what do I do now? And they said, go home continue what you're doing and don't stop. Come and see us in three months. I just received a call from him about two weeks ago and he said that he plays golf now very regularly and so this is quite an accomplishment for him to come back from where he was.

So when people think according to their condition, how long am I going to take it, well, you figure how long do you want to have the relief from your symptoms?

Because many of these symptoms just didn't start building up and coming on all of a sudden. They've been building up and coming on gradually for a long time. Any compound that will make this type of change is remarkable because it means that it's possible to reverse severe medical conditions.

It means that you are not just going to take it to stop a situation but you are going to make the condition reversible. We are talking here about the strengthening of the blood vessel walls and the linings of these blood vessels to give us protection against heart attacks and strokes as well as many vascular conditions.

It also helps people with Parkinson's disease, and they have mentioned it with Alzheimer's, as well as general senile dementia. A compound that has this many properties is one that nearly everyone needs to take.

I thought I might tell you about some case histories. All of these are on a first person basis. These case histories refer to my patients in my practice. Patients that I've put on this product. A doctor called me from Billings, Montana and he asked me if I had anything which would help him with his prostate condition.

I asked him to elaborate. He told me that for nine months he had an inflammation of his prostate and he had gone to two urologists, had taken antibiotics and other formulas that they had given him.

None had worked. Then I told him that there was a compound that had been helping some of my patients and I was treating other prostate problems with it.

He asked me to send him some literature and so I sent him some literature about pycnogenol. The next thing I knew I received a call from him about ten days later and he said, well, I read the literature and decided I'd give this product a try.

He said that he had started taking the product the day before and that the pain in his prostate had left and it had not come back.

I've followed through with three phone calls since that happened and that was four months ago. When I ask him how his prostate condition is he answers, "I don't have a prostate problem.

He used to have to get up three to four times a night. He never gets up at night anymore. He has noticed that his stream is full and he can evacuate his bladder immediately and there is no pain.

So, he started thinking well, if this will help my prostate, it will help other things. So he started to put his wife on it and it has helped her arthritis, and now her knees do not give out on her.

She has been able to go places this winter more than ever before. But he has a younger daughter, I guess she is about 35, who has asthma very bad and has had it all her life, and she has it so bad that they have a lung machine that helps her when she gets in severe states of asthmatic attacks.

Many times even when the lung machine does not help, they have to take her to an emergency room to get adrenalin to help her over the asthmatic attack. He had read the book written by Dr. Passwater who is a Ph. in biochemistry about some of his experience and scientific results that had been accomplished with pycnogenol.

Passwater mentioned that you can take care of asthma and so this brother-in-law had his daughter start taking pycnogenol. This has been six weeks ago and after the first week, she never had to use the lung machine anymore.

She is now, as he says, totally free of asthma. And she is now able to walk, take afternoon and evening walks with her friends around the block up to one to two miles with no effects at all, whereas before she had trouble just walking out to her mailbox and back.

In our church area, we had a young man, 35 years of age, that was a juvenile diabetic and was losing his eyesight. He was suffering from a diabetic complication called peripheral retinopathy. This means the blood vessels in the back of the iris are so fragile as a result of years of taking insulin that his vessels had become very weak and they could not withstand pressure.

The slightest little pressure would cause these blood vessels to break. Blood started filling into the vitreous humor of the eye. The blood in front of the optic disk made it impossible to see through it, therefore he was going blind.

The young man came to my office and we started him on pycnogenol for seven months. Three months ago his eyesight started coming back.

The blood vessels in the back of the eye were becoming stronger and because of this the bleeding slowed down to the point that now the blood that was in the eye was being resolved and absorbed by the body.

The ophthalmologist was now able to go into his eye and by using lasers, zap some of these vessels that were weak and which allowed blood to build up in the vitreous humor.

He has noticed that his level of blood insulin has dropped and that's also an interesting thing. The other day a woman called at my office and told me about her young child who had juvenile diabetes and that he was up to seven units a day.

They were so depressed about it and I told her about the story of this young gentleman who was losing his eyesight.

She started giving her son some pycnogenol and in less than two weeks his number of units of insulin had dropped from seven down to three. Many people who have diabetes have other problems especially circulatory problems, heart problems and have responded tremendously to taking pycnogenol.

I have MS patients taking pycnogenol now. I have one MS patient in Phoenix, Arizona that is excited because she has been taking pycnogenol now for about four months.

Her daughter is getting married in a couple of months. She has been in a wheelchair for about five years and she's excited because she's getting to the point where she's starting to stand and to walk a little.

She's very excited about walking down the aisle and standing next to her daughter when she gets married. This didn't happen all at once. Many people take their product and figure well, I'll take it for 30 days and in 30 days its either going to work or I'll stop taking it.

How long do you think free radicals have been working on your body to tear it down and destroy it and limit its use? It has been happening all your life. So don't think that in 30 days you're going to change something that's been taking so long to develop.

Fortunately, the exciting result about this product is that so many people get overnight, instantaneous results. But given time, it will also work on some of those slower developing conditions such as arthritis. We were on a cruise ship and had people on it.

We were sitting at our dining room table on the first night out. The pharmacist and I were talking shop. Naturally he's talking about the new kinds of drugs and other things that are on the market and I'm talking about my office patients. I told him the story about this gentleman from North Dakota and the results I had with him taking this pycnogenol and he had never heard of this compound before.

After we finished talking, the woman who was sitting to my left with her husband, tugged on my coat and she said, we've been listening to your conversation and I wanted to tell you that the very thing you've been talking about, the lung cancer the man in North Dakota has, has been a problem with me.

My husband and I are on this cruise because I have lung cancer with an inoperable tumor that's wrapped itself around my esophagus. I've gone through radiation and I've gone through chemotherapy and this hair that I have is a wig.

Then she introduced me to her husband, and her husband was one of the top medical surgeons in the United States. So, her husband immediately asked where they could get some pycnogenol.

Well on this cruise I'd brought extra bottles with me. Now I've stayed in touch with his woman and her husband and she's gone back for three subsequent tests, back to the Western Division of the Mayo Clinic in Scottsdale, Arizona.

She's gone back there three times and the tumor has not grown. It started to get smaller. This morning she called me from Arizona to tell me that she had just come out of Mayo Clinic and they could not find any trace of the tumors in her lungs or around her esophagus.

She's feeling better and her husband, who is as I told you a surgeon, is eternally grateful. I have another case that I want to talk about and this is a woman that called me one day and said, "doctor, is there anything you can do to help me with my leg.

With this osteomyelitis I developed an infection in my right leg and it went into the bone marrow," and in osteomyelitis the infection is usually from a staphylococcus organism, which is one of the most resistant organisms to antibiotics there is. She said the antibiotics didn't kill the organisms and she started getting decay of her bone and her legs started swelling up and she had horrible pains.

So they amputated her leg below the knee. She said it was now starting to happen in the left leg and that they now wanted to amputate her left leg. She said that she had become used to the prosthesis on her right leg and that she could get around but that she didn't want to live if she had to wear two prosthesis.

She asked me if I knew of anything that might help her. I told her "I'll send you some literature on the pine bark extract called pycnogenol. I think this might help you.

In two weeks she called me, and all the pain was gone from her good leg, and all the swelling was gone. The infection and the inflammation in the bone marrow, which the antibiotics hadn't touched, was gone. The doctor did not have to amputate her leg.

I'm finding that people have results with pycnogenol. I have a patient who lives in Malad, Idaho who had a severe cerebral vascular accident, a stroke, which left his whole left side of his body paralyzed.

He could hardly walk. He came to me for other treatments and I told him about pycnogenol and he started taking it. Now he's walking almost normally, his balance and equilibrium are perfect.

His biggest fear and the biggest fear of anyone that has had a stroke, is a second stroke. And he doesn't want that to happen. I've heard of all types of cases and this is interesting because here in the United States, every other week in the newspaper, there is always something new about products like the u-tree which is a type of pine tree that also has a bark similar to the maritime pine which pycnogenol comes from.

Medical science is now using the extract from the bark of the u-tree to treat ovary, breast and uterine cancers. The same type of compound that's found in the u-tree is found in the bark of the maritime pine.

I have three cases that I'm monitoring right now that have the same condition that killed the actor, Michael Landon. Cancer of the pancreas. They're desperate.

That everyone of these cases have now lived three times longer than they were supposed to. They were given months to live, now they have lived much longer.

They had jaundice, they are free of the jaundice. Their eyes aren't yellow, their skin is not yellow. They have no idea how long they're going to live. I have no idea how long they are going to live, but they're taking pycnogenol and they're taking the other anti-oxidants A, C, E and zinc faithfully.

What are the other conditions that they're using pycnogenol for? I'm using it for arthritis, for bursitis, for diabetics, for people that have had strokes and heart attacks or people who have had predispositions to strokes or heart attacks.

I'm using it for skin problems, for Parkinson's cases. I've found that this is a great product for people that have liver conditions from let's say alcoholism. Let me make one statement here and you can take this for what it's worth.

Is it better, let's say if you're an alcoholic and you drink, or you're a smoker and you smoke, and say that because you have this problem you're not going to take pycnogenol and let your body deteriorate and wear down or is it better to add pycnogenol and try to fight some of those free radicals that you're bringing into your body?

It's my estimation that everyone ought to be taking pycnogenol if they have one of these problems. They should be taking pycnogenol just to stop the further deterioration of their condition.

Remember what I have talked about. Quality of life and quantity of life can be expanded by the use of pycnogenol. Because I do not have case histories right now in front of me, I can not tell you all the other results that I have had happen.

And we're talking about gastrointestinal problems straightening up, diarrhea straightening up, livers becoming decongested. I had someone take pycnogenol and all of a sudden they were able to sleep. And are able to get better rest at night then they have achieved for many years.

So, you're going to find that this has a tranquilizing affect on the nervous system because it can cross the blood brain barriers as I mentioned earlier.

It also works really well with people who have edema. They're able to reduce the swelling that takes place in their legs. Sign In or Create an Account.

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Skip Nav Destination Close navigation menu Article navigation. Previous Article Next Article. Article Navigation. Prevention Research 5: Chemoprevention Studies II April 01 Pycnogenol® inhibits growth of ovarian cancer cells in vitro.

Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA. This Site. Google Scholar. Benjamin H. Lau Benjamin H. Online ISSN: American Association for Cancer Research. In our study, plasma samples after pycnogenol intake significantly induced apoptosis in HT cells ex vivo whereas plasma samples before pycnogenol intake did not exhibit any effect.

Moreover, it led to decreased cell division and distinct morphological changes. Interestingly, pycnogenol was more effective in apoptosis induction than its main constituents catechin, epicatechin and taxifolin indicating that the metabolised components of pycnogenol interact synergistically.

To further elucidate the actions of metabolised pycnogenol on a molecular basis, we analysed changes in expression of apoptosis-related genes using microarray technology. Interestingly, we found a correlation between apoptotic efficacy of metabolised pycnogenol and downregulation of several genes encoding for cell adhesion proteins such as fibronectin 1 FN1 , catenin α1 CTNNA1 and laminin γ1 LAMC1 Table II.

Cell adhesion and its underlying pathways play a crucial role in growth, metastasis and development of fibrosarcomas 35 , In past experimental studies, upregulation of FN1 was shown to increase the invasive potential of HT cells in vitro and to promote their pulmonary metastasis in vivo whereas overexpression of CTNNA1 and LAMC1 were associated with increased cell survival of different malignant cell lines 37 — However, retrospectively we cannot conclude whether downregulation of these cell adhesion proteins itself led to apoptosis or vice versa.

Thus, the appealing hypothesis that disruption of cell adhesion leads to apoptosis in human fibrosarcoma cells requires further experimental support. Plasma samples with metabolised pycnogenol led also to a downregulation of Janus kinase 1 JAK1.

In fibrosarcomas, inactivation of JAK1 led to loss of invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo Recently, pharmacological inhibition of JAK1 was shown to induce apoptosis in rhabdomyosarcoma cells in vivo However, understanding the complex role of JAK1 in sarcoma cell death may provide new opportunities for rational pathway-based therapies and drug development.

In conclusion, this in vitro study demonstrates that the natural pine bark extract pycnogenol has the potential to induce apoptosis and alter gene expression in fibrosarcoma cells.

Pycnogenol is not meant to replace doxorubicin-based chemotherapy in patients with metastatic fibrosarcoma, but it could be a potential mild therapeutic option for patients that are not suitable for chemotherapy and have to undergo palliative treatment.

The encouraging results of this study provide experimental support for in vivo trials assessing the effect of pycnogneol in soft tissue sarcomas. Hoos A, Lewis JJ and Brennan MF: Soft tissue sarcoma: prognostic factors and multimodal treatment.

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