By improving their diet, older athletes will be primed Glutathione and oxidative stress maximize their training efforts, potentially Weight loss for beginners to winning Chagnes. Voeding bij intensieve sportbeoefening nurition Loon, L. Metagolic does show im soy protein vs whey or beef protein is less effective to stimulate muscle building. Athlete nutrition isn't just about weight loss. Clearly, more research is required to elucidate the nutritional needs of female athletes; this research should not be limited to models of low EA, such as the triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport, and should encompass all types of female athletes, from nonhormonal contraceptive users e.

Metabolic changes and sports nutrition in aging athletes -

Despite this, the meeting was a great success, and the authors subsequently summarized the recent work in their topic area, resulting in the manuscripts in this Sports Medicine supplement the eighth in a series supported by GSSI. The first paper in this supplement examines the importance of nutrition during the years of adolescence 13—18 years , which is a period of growth and physical development with changes in body composition, metabolic and hormonal fluctuations, maturation of organ systems, and establishment of nutrient deposits [ 1 ].

Adequate energy is needed for both growth and athletic activities in young athletes. To maximize their potential, adolescent athletes need to adopt eating patterns that prioritize sound physical and mental development and sound sport nutrition guidelines [ 1 ].

Moore [ 2 ] argues that, although there is some skeletal muscle anabolic resistance to the ingestion of protein with aging, master athletes generally have muscle characteristics, physiological responses to exercise, and protein metabolism similar to those of young athletes.

Consequently, their protein requirements do not appear vastly different from those of young athletes, although more research is needed in the master athlete population. As we age, our performance decreases, and considerable information exists to suggest that long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acid ingestion may promote skeletal muscle anabolism and strength in untrained older people and improve markers of muscle recovery following damaging exercise in younger people [ 3 ].

Research is needed to determine whether polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acid ingestion can promote and sustain muscle growth and strength, and recovery from exercise, in trained master athletes.

Ingestion of n-3 fatty acid supplementation may lead to improvements via alteration of the lipid profile of the sarcolemmal, mitochondrial, and sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes in skeletal muscle [ 3 ].

It is abundantly clear to everyone working in science that females and female athletes have been understudied. The fourth paper in this supplement addresses the latest recommendations for fueling female athletes given the differences in substrate metabolism between women and men [ 4 ].

The paper also discusses the menstrual patterns of female athletes, nutrient and hydration needs during different menstrual cycle phases, and health and performance issues related to menstrual cycle disruption.

Importantly, areas for future research are identified, and important methodological considerations for the required investigations are discussed [ 4 ]. The fifth paper in this supplement addresses the global trend of a transition towards the consumption of a more plant-based diet, which includes an increase in the consumption of plant-based proteins over animal-based proteins [ 5 ].

This way of eating is also very popular in sports nutrition, and it is known that ingesting proteins derived from soy and wheat results in lower post-meal muscle protein synthesis rates than does ingesting an equivalent amount of animal-derived protein.

This raises the concern that athletes ingesting mainly plant-based protein may need to ingest more protein [ 5 ]. However, the authors discuss ways that athletes can compensate for the lower anabolic effect of plant-based proteins and that additional research comparing plant- and animal-based proteins in foods is warranted.

The sixth paper examines the plant product cannabis, which is widely used for both recreational and medicinal purposes [ 6 ]. Although cannabis use is illegal in many countries, a growing number of countries have legalized its use. In the sports world, there is interest in the potential use of cannabis and its constituents for athletic performance and recovery.

However, the effects of the two most abundant cannabis constituents, deltatetrahydrocannabinol THC and cannabidiol CBD , have been largely uninvestigated in the sports world.

Clearly, the potential of THC to affect performance has not been properly studied, but there is some evidence that CBD may improve sleep quality, pain, and mild traumatic brain injury in certain athletes [ 6 ]. The next few years will see an increase in research examining the effects of THC and CBD on performance and recovery from exercise in athletic populations.

The responses to the pandemic included appropriate hygiene and physical distancing, use of masks, rigorous monitoring and screening of symptoms, widespread testing, comprehensive contact tracing, and considerations for travel and facilities [ 7 ].

The papers in this supplement have collectively identified many areas of sports nutrition that require additional research so that all members of the athletic population are adequately advised.

We hope the readers of these papers are inspired to generate new knowledge and disseminate the present knowledge related to these topics. Desbrow B. Youth athlete development and nutrition. Sports Med. Moore DR. Cite this APA Author BIBTEX Harvard Standard RIS Vancouver Oikawa, S.

Geroscience , 43 5 , Oikawa, Sara Y. et al. In: Geroscience. In: Geroscience , Vol. TY - JOUR T1 - Eat like an athlete T2 - insights of sports nutrition science to support active aging in healthy older adults AU - Oikawa, Sara Y.

AU - Brisbois, Tristin D. AU - van Loon, Luc J. Authors Oikawa, Sara Y. and Rollo, Ian Abstract Skeletal muscle mass losses with age are associated with negative health consequences, including an increased risk of developing metabolic disease and the loss of independence.

Keywords protein; creatine; n-3PUFA; carbohydrate periodization; skeletal muscle Year Journal GeroScience Journal citation 43 5 , pp. Permalink -. Log in to edit. Download files. Publisher's version. pdf License: CC BY 4.

Export as. DataCite EndNote Excel DublinCore RIOXX Export. Related outputs. Eight-hour time-restricted eating does not lower daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates : A randomized control trial Parr, Evelyn B.

and Hawley, John A.. Eight-hour time-restricted eating does not lower daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates : A randomized control trial. Intradialytic protein ingestion and exercise do not compromise uremic toxin removal throughout hemodialysis Hendriks, Floris K.

and van Loon, Luc J. Intradialytic protein ingestion and exercise do not compromise uremic toxin removal throughout hemodialysis. Journal of Renal Nutrition.

Restricting sugar or carbohydrate intake does not impact physical activity level or energy intake over 24 h despite changes in substrate use : A randomised crossover study in healthy men and women Hengist, Aaron, Davies, Russell G. and Gonzales, Javier T..

Restricting sugar or carbohydrate intake does not impact physical activity level or energy intake over 24 h despite changes in substrate use : A randomised crossover study in healthy men and women. European Journal of Nutrition. Cheese ingestion increases muscle protein synthesis rates both at rest and during recovery from exercise in healthy, young males : A randomized parallel-group trial Hermans, Wesley J.

and Van Loon, Luc. Cheese ingestion increases muscle protein synthesis rates both at rest and during recovery from exercise in healthy, young males : A randomized parallel-group trial.

The Journal of Nutrition. Muscle protein synthesis after protein administration in critical illness Chapple, Lee-anne S. and Chapman, Marianne J.. Muscle protein synthesis after protein administration in critical illness.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. Resistance exercise training increases muscle mass and strength in prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy Houben, Lisanne H.

Resistance exercise training increases muscle mass and strength in prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. BMC Palliative Care. Article Myofibrillar protein synthesis rate are increased in chronically exercised skeletal muscle despite decreased anabolic signaling Langer, Henning T.

and Baar, Keith. Myofibrillar protein synthesis rate are increased in chronically exercised skeletal muscle despite decreased anabolic signaling. Scientific Reports. The muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of a plant-derived protein blend does not differ from an equivalent amount of milk protein in healthy, young males Pinckaers, Philippe J.

The muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of a plant-derived protein blend does not differ from an equivalent amount of milk protein in healthy, young males. Relative validity and reliability of isometric lower extremity strength assessment in older adults by using a handheld dynamometer Grootswagers, Pol, Vaes, Anouk M.

and de Groot, Lisette C. Relative validity and reliability of isometric lower extremity strength assessment in older adults by using a handheld dynamometer. Sports Health. Ingestion of free amino acids compared with an equivalent amount of intact protein results in more rapid amino acid absorption and greater postprandial plasma amino acid availability without affecting muscle protein synthesis rates in young adults in a double-blind randomized trial Weijzen, Michelle E.

Ingestion of free amino acids compared with an equivalent amount of intact protein results in more rapid amino acid absorption and greater postprandial plasma amino acid availability without affecting muscle protein synthesis rates in young adults in a double-blind randomized trial.

Potato protein ingestion increases muscle protein synthesis rates at rest and during recovery from exercise in humans Pinckaers, Philippe J. Potato protein ingestion increases muscle protein synthesis rates at rest and during recovery from exercise in humans.

Twist2-expressing cells reside in human skeletal muscle and are responsive to aging and resistance exercise training Gaulton, Nick, Wakelin, Griffen, Young, Laura V. Twist2-expressing cells reside in human skeletal muscle and are responsive to aging and resistance exercise training.

The FASEB Journal. Article e Skeletal Muscle Fibre Characteristics of the Lumbar Multifidus Muscle in Patients Undergoing Microdiscectomy for Unilateral Lumbar Disc Herniation Stevens, S, Agten, A, Snijders, T, Plazier, M, Bamps, S, Assieker, T, Betz, M, Timmermans, A, Van Loon, Lucas and Vandenabeele, F.

Skeletal Muscle Fibre Characteristics of the Lumbar Multifidus Muscle in Patients Undergoing Microdiscectomy for Unilateral Lumbar Disc Herniation.

Muscle, Ligaments and Tendons Journal MLTJ. Dietary nitrate increases submaximal SERCA activity and ADP-transfer to mitochondria in slow-twitch muscle of female mice Petrick, Heather, Brownell, Stuart, Vachon, Bayley, Brunetta, Henver, Handy, Rachel, Van Loon, Lucas, Murrant, Coral and Holloway, Graham.

Dietary nitrate increases submaximal SERCA activity and ADP-transfer to mitochondria in slow-twitch muscle of female mice. American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism. Raw eggs to support post-exercise recovery in healthy young men : Did Rocky get it right or wrong?

Fuchs, Cas J. Skeletal muscles of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop severe myofiber damage upon one week of admission on the intensive care unit Stevens, Sjoerd, Hendrickx, Paul, Snijders, Tim, Lambrichts, Ivo, Stessel, Björn, Dubois, Jasperina, van Loon, Lucas J.

Skeletal muscles of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop severe myofiber damage upon one week of admission on the intensive care unit. Applied Sciences. Ingestion of an ample amount of meat substitute based on a lysine-enriched,plant-based protein blend stimulates postprandial muscle proteinsynthesis to a similar extent as an isonitrogenous amount of chickenin healthy, young men Kouw, Imre W.

Ingestion of an ample amount of meat substitute based on a lysine-enriched,plant-based protein blend stimulates postprandial muscle proteinsynthesis to a similar extent as an isonitrogenous amount of chickenin healthy, young men. British Journal of Nutrition.

Nutritional strategies to attenuate postprandial glycemic response Pasmans, Kenneth, Meex, Ruth C. and Blaak, Ellen E.. Nutritional strategies to attenuate postprandial glycemic response. Obesity Reviews. Exercise-based interventions to counteract skeletal muscle mass loss in people with cancer : Can we overcome the odds?

Bland, Kelcey A. and Fairman, Ciaran M.. Sports Medicine. The impact of collagen protein ingestion on musculoskeletal connective tissue remodeling : A narrative review Holwerda, Andrew M.

The impact of collagen protein ingestion on musculoskeletal connective tissue remodeling : A narrative review. Nutrition Reviews. Impact of magnesium on bone health in older adults : A systematic review and meta-analysis Groenendijk, Inge, van Delft, Marieke, Versloot, Pieter, van Loon, Luc J.

Impact of magnesium on bone health in older adults : A systematic review and meta-analysis. L-arabinose co-ingestion delays glucose absorption derived from sucrose in healthy men and women : A double-blind, randomized crossover trial Pasmans, Kenneth, Meex, Ruth C.

L-arabinose co-ingestion delays glucose absorption derived from sucrose in healthy men and women : A double-blind, randomized crossover trial.

Amino acid removal during hemodialysis can be compensated for by protein ingestion and is not compromised by intradialytic exercise : A randomized controlled crossover trial Hendriks, Floris K. Amino acid removal during hemodialysis can be compensated for by protein ingestion and is not compromised by intradialytic exercise : A randomized controlled crossover trial.

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Fragile bones of elite cyclists : To treat or not to treat? Hilkens, Luuk, Knuiman, Pim, Heijboer, Mathieu, Kempers, Robert, Jeukendrup, Asker E. and van Dijk, Jan-Willem.

Journal of Applied Physiology. Gut amino acid absorption in humans : Concepts and relevance for postprandial metabolism Trommelen, Jorn, Tomé, Daniel and van Loon, Luc J. Gut amino acid absorption in humans : Concepts and relevance for postprandial metabolism. Clinical Nutrition Open Science.

Comprehensive assessment of post-prandial protein handling by the application of intrinsically labelled protein in vivo in human subjects Trommelen, Jorn, Holwerda, Andrew M.

and van Loon, Lucas J. Comprehensive assessment of post-prandial protein handling by the application of intrinsically labelled protein in vivo in human subjects. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society.

Dietary protein interventions to improve nutritional status in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis Hendriks, Floris K. Dietary protein interventions to improve nutritional status in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. A white paper on collagen hydrolyzates and ultrahydrolyzates : Potential supplements to support joint health in osteoarthritis? Mobasheri, Ali, Mahmoudian, Armaghan, Kalvaityte, Ursule, Uzieliene, Ilona, Larder, Christina E.

and Zuscik, Michael J.. Current Rheumatology Reports. The anabolic response to plant-based protein ingestion Pinckaers, Philippe J. The anabolic response to plant-based protein ingestion. Hepatic steatosis contributes to the development of muscle atrophy via inter-organ crosstalk Pasmans, Kenneth, Adriaens, Michiel E.

Olde, Caiment, Florian, van Loon, Luc J. and Meex, Ruth C. Hepatic steatosis contributes to the development of muscle atrophy via inter-organ crosstalk. Frontiers in Endocrinology. Acute effects of dietary nitrate on exercise tolerance, muscle oxygenation, and cardiovascular function in patients with peripheral arterial disease van der Avoort, Cindy M.

and Hopman, Maria T. Acute effects of dietary nitrate on exercise tolerance, muscle oxygenation, and cardiovascular function in patients with peripheral arterial disease.

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. Mass spectrometry imaging of L-[ring C6]- labeled phenylalanine and tyrosine kinetics in non-small cell lung carcinoma Cao, Jianhua, Balluff, Benjamin, Arts, Martijn, Dubois, Ludwig J. and Heeren, Ron M.

Mass spectrometry imaging of L-[ring C6]- labeled phenylalanine and tyrosine kinetics in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Insects are a viable protein source for human consumption : From insect protein digestion to postprandial muscle protein synthesis in vivo in humans : A double-blind randomized trial Hermans, Wesley J.

Insects are a viable protein source for human consumption : From insect protein digestion to postprandial muscle protein synthesis in vivo in humans : A double-blind randomized trial. Increasing nitrate-rich vegetable intake lowers ambulatory blood pressure in pre hypertensive middle-aged and older adults : A wk randomized controlled trial van der Avoort, Cindy M.

Increasing nitrate-rich vegetable intake lowers ambulatory blood pressure in pre hypertensive middle-aged and older adults : A wk randomized controlled trial.

Undeclared doping substances are highly prevalent in commercial sports nutrition supplements Duiven, Erik, Luc J.

van Loon, Spruijt, Laila, Koert, Willem and de Hon, Olivier M.. Undeclared doping substances are highly prevalent in commercial sports nutrition supplements.

Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. No differences in muscle protein synthesis rates following ingestion of wheat protein, milk protein, and their protein blend in healthy, young males Pinckaers, Philippe J.

No differences in muscle protein synthesis rates following ingestion of wheat protein, milk protein, and their protein blend in healthy, young males.

Does supplementation with leucine-enriched protein alone and in combination with fish-oil-derived n-3 PUFA affect muscle mass, strength, physical performance, and muscle protein synthesis in well-nourished older adults?

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Murphy, Caoileann H. and Roche, Helen M.. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in response to low- And high-frequency resistance exercise training in healthy, young men Shad, Brandon J.

and Wallis, Gareth A.. Daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in response to low- And high-frequency resistance exercise training in healthy, young men. Basal protein synthesis rates differ between vastus lateralis and rectus abdominis muscle Smeets, Joey S.

Olde, Schijns, Olaf E. Basal protein synthesis rates differ between vastus lateralis and rectus abdominis muscle. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle. Myonuclear content and domain size in small versus larger muscle fibres in response to 12 weeks of resistance exercise training in older adults Snijders, Tim, Holwerda, Andy M.

and Verdijk, Lex B.. Myonuclear content and domain size in small versus larger muscle fibres in response to 12 weeks of resistance exercise training in older adults. Acta Physiologica. The impact of beetroot juice supplementation on muscular endurance, maximal strength and countermovement jump performance Jonvik, Kristin L.

The impact of beetroot juice supplementation on muscular endurance, maximal strength and countermovement jump performance.

European Journal of Sport Science. Assessing the whole-body protein synthetic response to feeding in vivo in human subjects Trommelen, Jorn and Van Loon, Luc J. Assessing the whole-body protein synthetic response to feeding in vivo in human subjects.

Exercise plus presleep protein ingestion increases overnight muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates in healthy older men Holwerda, Andrew M. Exercise plus presleep protein ingestion increases overnight muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates in healthy older men.

Whey protein supplementation does not accelerate recovery from a single bout of eccentric exercise Hilkens, Luuk, De Bock, Jolien, Kretzers, Joris, Kardinaal, Alwine F. Whey protein supplementation does not accelerate recovery from a single bout of eccentric exercise.

Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism. Muscle fiber capillarization is associated with various indices of skeletal muscle mass in healthy, older men Betz, M. and Snijders, T.. Muscle fiber capillarization is associated with various indices of skeletal muscle mass in healthy, older men.

Experimental Gerontology. Higher levels of physical activity are associated with greater fruit and vegetable intake in older adults Van Loon, L.. Higher levels of physical activity are associated with greater fruit and vegetable intake in older adults.

Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging. Dietary protein intake does not modulate daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates of loss of muscle mass and function during short-term immobilization in young men : a randomized controlled trial Kilroe, Sean Paul, Fulford, Jonathan, Jackman, Sarah, Holwerda, Andrew, Gijsen, Annemie, van Loon, Luc and Wall, Benjamin Toby.

Dietary protein intake does not modulate daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates of loss of muscle mass and function during short-term immobilization in young men : a randomized controlled trial. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Effect of acute and short-term dietary fat ingestion on postprandial skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates in middle-aged, overweight and obese men Tsintzas, Kostas, Jones, Robert, Pabla, Pardeep, Mallinson, Joanne, Barrett, David A.

and Stephens, Francis B.. Effect of acute and short-term dietary fat ingestion on postprandial skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates in middle-aged, overweight and obese men.

American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. In vitro ketone-supported mitochondrial respiration is minimal when other substrates are readily available in cardiac and skeletal muscle Petrick, Heather L.

and Holloway, Graham P.. In vitro ketone-supported mitochondrial respiration is minimal when other substrates are readily available in cardiac and skeletal muscle. The Journal of Physiology.

Casein ingestion does not increase muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates Trommelen, Jorn, Holwerda, Andrew M. Casein ingestion does not increase muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates.

The glycation level of milk protein strongly modulates post-prandial lysine availability in humans Nyakayiru, Jean, van Lieshout, Glenn A. The glycation level of milk protein strongly modulates post-prandial lysine availability in humans.

The concept of skeletal muscle memory : Evidence from animal and human studies Snijders, Tim, Aussieker, Thorben, Holwerda, Andy, Parise, Gianni, van Loon, Luc J.

The concept of skeletal muscle memory : Evidence from animal and human studies. Temporal muscle-specific disuse atrophy during one week of leg immobilization Kilroe, Sean P.

and Wall, Benjamin T.. Temporal muscle-specific disuse atrophy during one week of leg immobilization. Short-term bed rest-induced insulin resistance cannot be explained by increased mitochondrial H2O2 emission Dirks, Marlou L.

Sara Y. Brisbois, Weight loss for beginners J. Skeletal muscle Weight loss for beginners Importance of breakfast for athletic performance with age are Garcinia cambogia extract with negative health consequences, including an Metabokic risk of developing metabolic disease and the Metabolkc of independence. Athletes adopt numerous nutritional strategies to maximize the nutgition of exercise training and enhance recovery in pursuit of improving skeletal muscle quality, mass, or function. Importantly, many of the principles applied to enhance skeletal muscle health in athletes may be applicable to support active aging and prevent sarcopenia in the healthy non-clinical aging population. Here, we discuss the anabolic properties of protein supplementation in addition to ingredients that may enhance the anabolic effects of protein e. omega 3 s, creatine, inorganic nitrate in older persons.